Differential effects of completed and incomplete pregnancies on the risk of Alzheimer disease

Jang, Hyesue,Bae, Jong Bin,Dardiotis, Efthimios,Scarmeas, Nikolaos,Sachdev, Perminder S.,Lipnicki, Darren M.,Han, Ji Won,Kim, Tae Hui,Kwak, Kyung Phil,Kim, Bong Jo,Kim, Shin Gyeom,Kim, Jeong Lan,Moon, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - American Acad 2018 Neurology Vol.91 No.7

<B>Objective</B><P>To investigate the effects of completed pregnancy with childbirth and incomplete pregnancy without childbirth on the late-life cognition and the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) in women.</P><B>Methods</B><P>Using the pooled data of 3,549 women provided by 2 population-based cohort studies, we conducted logistic regression analyses to examine retrospectively the associations of completed and incomplete pregnancy with the risks of mild cognitive impairment and AD. For women without dementia, we also conducted analyses of covariance to examine the associations of completed and incomplete pregnancy with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score.</P><B>Results</B><P>Grand multiparous women who experienced ≥5 completed pregnancies showed an ≈1.7-fold higher risk of AD than those who experienced 1 to 4 completed pregnancies (odds ratio [OR] 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-2.72), while those who had incomplete pregnancies showed half the level of AD risk compared with those who never experienced an incomplete pregnancy (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.24-0.76 for 1 incomplete pregnancy; OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.34-0.92 for ≥2 incomplete pregnancies). In women without dementia, the grand multiparous had worse MMSE scores than those with 1 to 4 completed pregnancies (<I>p</I> @@<@@ 0.001), while those who experienced ≥1 incomplete pregnancies had better MMSE scores than those who never experienced an incomplete pregnancy (<I>p</I> = 0.008).</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>Grand multiparity was associated with high risk of AD, while incomplete pregnancy was associated with low risk of AD in late life.</P>

인공지능 미술 작품이라는 사실의 인지 여부가 감상자의 작품 평가에 미치는 영향

유혜수(Hyesu Ryu),장민지(Minji Jang),최서희(Seohee Choi),김창순(Changsoon Kim),임예슬(Yeseul Lim),장윤석(Younsuk Jang),한데민(Demin Han),윤재영(Jaeyoung Yun) 한국HCI학회 2020 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.2

기술이 발전함에 따라 인공지능의 활동 영역이 인간고유의 영역이던 예술 창작으로 확대되었다. 이에 본 연구는 인공지능 기술을 통해 나온 예술 작품의 가능성과 이를 바라보는 대중의 평가에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 그리고 작품 감상 시 인공지능 작품이라는 사실의 인지 여부가 작품 감상에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해 연구하였다. 이를 위해 인지 여부에 따라 피실험자를 ‘인지’ 그룹과 ‘비인지’ 그룹으로 나누어 동일한 인공지능 미술 작품 10 개를 감상하고 평가하게 하였다. 조사 결과 첫째, 인지 그룹은 평균 2.71 점(5 점 만점), 비인지 그룹은 3.26 점으로 비인지 그룹의 점수가 더 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 호감도, 감정이입도, 작품 의도, 작품 가치를 묻는 객관식 네 문항에서 네 문항 모두 비인지 그룹의 점수가 인지 그룹의 점수보다 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 평가에 대한 이유를 묻는 인터뷰에서 인지 그룹은 비인지 그룹 보다 인공지능 미술 작품에 감정과 의도가 없다고 생각하는 경향이 나타났다. 이를 통해 인공지능 미술 작품이라는 사실이 작품 감상에 부정적인 요인으로 작용할 수 있다는 가능성과 인공지능 미술 작품이 본 가치와 무관하게 평가가 절하될 수 있다는 점을 밝히고자 한다.

Dietary Assessment of Korean Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with or without Diabetes

Hyesu Lee,김현숙,Tae Yeon Kim,류현진,주달래,Miyoung Jang,오국환,Curie Ahn,한성림 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.23

Background: Dietary intervention at the early stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important for preventing progression to the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, few studies have investigated dietary intake of CKD patients in non-dialysis stage. Therefore, we investigated the dietary intake of Korean non-dialysis CKD patients and aimed to establish baseline data for the development of dietary education and intervention strategies for CKD patients. Methods: Three hundred fifty CKD patients who visited Seoul National University Hospital outpatient clinic from February 2016 to January 2017 were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Subjects on dialysis and those who had undergone kidney transplantation were excluded. Dietary intake, demographic information, and biochemical characteristics of 256 subjects who completed three-day dietary records were analyzed. Subjects were divided into four groups based on diabetes mellitus (DM) (DM-CKD and Non-DM-CKD groups) and kidney function (Early-CKD and Late-CKD groups). Results: Total energy intake was lower in the Late-CKD group compared with the Early-CKD group. In men, carbohydrate intake was higher and protein and fat intakes tended to be lower in the Late-CKD group compared with the Early-CKD group. In women, carbohydrate intake tended to be lower in the DM-CKD group than the Non-DM-CKD group. Protein intake tended to be higher in the DM-CKD groups. Phosphorus and sodium intakes were higher in the DM-CKD groups compared with the Non-DM-CKD groups in women, and tended to be higher in the DM-CKD groups in men. Conclusion: DM and kidney function affected energy and nutrient intakes. Subjects in the Late-CKD group consumed less energy than those in the Early-CKD group. Non-DM subjects seemed to restrict protein intake starting from the Early-CKD stage than subjects with DM. Subjects in this study had low energy and high sodium intakes compared with recommended levels. Protein intake was lower in advanced CKD patients, but their intake level was still higher than the recommendation. Dietary intervention strategies for non-dialysis CKD patients need to be customized depending on the presence of DM and kidney function.

Underwater Image Dehazing via Unpaired Image-to-image Translation

조영근,Hyesu Jang,Ramavtar Malav,Gaurav Pandey,김아영 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.3

Underwater imaging has long been focused on dehazing and color correction to address severe degradation in the water medium. In this paper, we propose a learning-based image restoration method that uses Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). For network generality and learning flexibility, we constituted unpaired image translation frameworks into image restoration. The proposed method utilizes multiple cyclic consistency losses that capture image characteristics and details of underwater images. To prepare unpaired images of clean and degraded scenes, we collected images from Flickr and filtered out false images using image characteristics. For validation, we extensively evaluated the proposed network on simulated and real underwater hazy images. Also, we tested our method on conventional computer vision algorithms, such as the level of edges and feature matching results.

Correlations between suicide rates and the prevalence of suicide risk factors among Korean adolescents

Park, Subin,Jang, Hyesue Elsevier 2018 Psychiatry Research Vol.261 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We examined whether annual changes in the prevalence of suicide risk factors are related to annual changes in suicide rates among male and female adolescents in South Korea. Data from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2005–2015) were used to obtain the annual prevalence of psychological and health-related risk factors among Korean adolescents. Mortality data from the Korean National Statistical Office (NSO) were used to obtain annual suicide rates among Korean adolescents aged 15–19 years. For male adolescents, there were significant positive correlations between suicide rate and the rate of depressive mood, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, drinking, and smoking and negative correlations between suicide rate and the rate of self-perceived healthiness, obesity, and being physically active. For female adolescents, suicide rates were positively correlated with rate of being sexually active and negatively correlated with rate of obesity. Overall, our study showed that annual rates of suicide are associated with annual prevalence of suicide risk factors in Korean adolescents, particularly in male adolescents.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> There were correlations between suicide rate and its risk factors in adolescents </LI> <LI> Trends of suicide rate and prevalence of risk factors showed gender differences. </LI> <LI> Suicide rate and several risk factors were significantly correlated for boys. </LI> <LI> The rate of suicide and being sexually active was positively correlated for girls. </LI> <LI> Suicide rate was negatively correlated with the rate of obesity for girls. </LI> </UL> </P>

Reduced Bacterial Wilt in Tomato Plants by Bactericidal Peroxyacetic Acid Mixture Treatment

Hong, Jeum Kyu,Jang, Su Jeong,Lee, Young Hee,Jo, Yeon Sook,Yun, Jae Gill,Jo, Hyesu,Park, Chang-Jin,Kim, Hyo Joong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.1

Peroxyacetic acid mixture Perosan, composed of peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, was evaluated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Perosan drastically suppressed in vitro growth of R. pseudosolanacearum in liquid cultures in dose- and incubation time-dependent manners. Higher perosan doses (0.1 and 1%) caused lowered pH and phytotoxicity to detached leaves of two tomato cultivars Cupirang and Benekia 220 in aqueous solution. Treatment with 0.01% of Perosan delayed wilting symptom significantly in the detached leaves of two cultivars inoculated with R. pseudosolanacearum ($10^7cfu/ml$). Soil drenching of 5% Perosan solution in pots caused severe tissue collapse of tomato seedlings at the four-week-old stage of two tomato cultivars. Treatment with 1% Perosan by soil-drenching significantly reduced bacterial wilt in the tomato seedlings of two cultivars. These findings suggest that Perosan treatment can be applied to suppress bacterial wilt during tomato production.

The Prevalence of Chronic Physical Diseases Comorbid with Depression among Different Sex and Age Groups in South Korea : A Population-Based Study, 2007–2014

SeJin Park,Seungyeon Hong,Hyesue Jang,JungWon Jang,Boram Yuk,ChulEung Kim,Subin Park 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.4

Objective-People with depression often suffer from comorbid, chronic physical diseases. Little is known about how demographic characteristics such as age and sex influence the prevalence of chronic physical diseases comorbid with depression. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the age and sex differences in the prevalence of diverse, chronic physical diseases comorbid with depression. Methods-This cross-sectional survey were conducted with the participants (n=45,598) of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Using log-binomial regression, age adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) of chronic physical diseases of participants with depression and those without depression were estimated for each sex and age group. Results-The APR of most chronic physical diseases were significantly higher among respondents with depression than those without depression. Chronic physical diseases that showed the highest APR were asthma in adult male respondents (APR=3.46) and adult female respondents (APR=2.19) and chronic renal failure in elderly male respondents (APR=8.36) and elderly female respondents (APR=1.94). Conclusion-Prevalence ratios of the chronic physical diseases comorbid with depression differed according to sex and age groups. Collaborative care strategies should be designed according to demographic characteristics of the population.

Psychometric Properties of the Korean Translation of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Stigma Questionnaire

Soo Jung Rim,Hyesue Jang,Subin Park 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2018 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Stigma Questionnaire (ASQ) and the effect of the source of information about mental health on ADHD stigma. Methods: The Korean translation of the ASQ was prepared, and 673 participants, 20–64 years of age, completed the questionnaire using an online panel survey in South Korea. The participants also completed questionnaires detailing sociodemographic variables and the source of their mental health knowledge. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to explore the internal consistency of the ASQ. Factor analysis using Varimax rotation was conducted to investigate the structure of the ASQ. Results: The 26-item ASQ demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.940). Factor analysis supported a threefactor structure, including Concerns with Public Attitudes, Negative Self-Image, and Disclosure Concerns. There were no significant differences in the total ASQ scores according to sociodemographic characteristics. Participants who reported the internet as their major source of information about mental health showed higher ASQ scores compared to those who used other sources for mental health information. Conclusion: The Korean translation of the ASQ has acceptable psychometric properties among Korean adults. Inaccurate information from the internet could increase the stigma toward ADHD.

다양한 연소기에 대한 Digital Twin 구축 사례

한우주(Woojoo Han),유혜수(Hyesu Yu),장권우(Kwonwoo Jang),김도현(Dohyun Kim),허강열(Kang Y. Huh) 한국연소학회 2019 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

울릉분지 생층서 연구

이성숙(Songsuk Yi),윤혜수(Hyesu Yun),박빛나(Bitna Park),강소라(Sora Kang),구웅모(Woong Mo Koo),유승학(Seunghak Yoo),장희란(Heeran Jang) 대한지질학회 2019 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10