봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.

SD Rats를 이용 1-hexene의 흡입독성 연구

김현영,임철홍,정용현,이권섭,이성배,이준연,한정희,전윤석,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute (4 hours) and repeated-dose (6 hours a day, 5 days a week, 4 weeks) toxic effects of I -hexene on Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats which were treated by inhalation. The results were as follows; I. The median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) was estimated 52,694 ppm (confidence limit 95%; 49,494~55,447 ppm) in acute inhalation. Abnormal clinical signs related to the l-Hexene were not observed with the acute inhalation dose. Gross findings of necropsy revealed on evidence of specific toxicity related to the 1-hexene, II. By repeated inhalation exposure the body weight of male were more or less reduced by the dose of 2,500 ppm and 5,000 ppm compared with control group. However there were no significant variation hematology and blood biochemistry for the exposed rats compared with the control rats. Abnormal clinical signs and gross findings of necropsy related to the 1-hexene were not shown. In conclusion when we exposed I-hexene to SD rats for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 6 hours per day, the Lowest observed effect level (LOEL) was over 2,500 ppm and Non observed effect level (NOEL) was below 500 ppm.

난소 임신 10예의 분석

김용진,이충일,이해혁,남계현,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

Ovarian pregnancy is an uncommon form of the ectopic pregnancies. The ovarian vascularity results in maternal hemorrhage early in the first trimester, which disrupts the pregnancy and usually ruptures the ovary with sufficient hemoperitoneum to require emergency operation. This report presents 10 cases of ovarian pregnancy by retrospective review between January 1986 and December 1995 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital. There was 19,849 deliveries and 637 ectopic pregnancies during same period. It showed that the incidence of ovarian pregnancy was 3.21 % of all ectopic pregnancies. The clinical features of ovarian pregnancy revealed that abdominal pain was the major symptom, and history of amenorrhea was obscure. Because of life-threatening course, the early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian pregnancy is important. The clinical diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy was more difficult than that of tubal pregnancy.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

중성리비의 기초적 검토 : 냉수리비·봉평비와의 비교적 시점

이용현 한국고고미술연구소 2011 고고학지 Vol.17 No.-

The Silla stone monument in Jungseong-ri, Pohang, was built in 501 with an inscription on a single face. This study analyzes the monument in connection with two other Silla monument erected in the same period, Naengsuri Monument (erected in 503) in Pohang and Bongpyeong Monument (erected in 524) in Uljin. The inscription of the monument is focused on an open discussion between eight community leaders including chiefs of the Obu (five divisions) on the recapture of a palace located at a site in today's Jungseong-ri, Pohang. It mentions that chiefs of two ministries, Takbu and Satakbu, including Galmunwang and Aganji, issued a highest-level government order called Gyo which was later reported by a group of mid-rank officials called Nama, revealing that the Silla government was largely led by the two ministries. The record shows that by 501 Silla was operating a government of six ministries consisting of Tak and Pyeong which was developed from one of two main ministries, and that the reformation of the government influenced the formation of local administrations called Oewi (outer ranks). 포항 중성리 신라비는 501년에 세워진 1면비이다. 본고에서는 동시대 신라비석자료인 503년 건립 포항 냉수리비와 524년 건립 울진 봉평비를 전거로 삼아 본 비를 분석하였다. 5부의 장 및 대표자로 구성된 쟁인(爭人)집단 8인이 포항 중성리 부근의 궁의 탈환을 두고 쟁(爭) 즉 공론한 것을 기록한 비석이다. 갈문왕(葛文王) 등 탁부와 사탁부의 장급인 아간지(阿干支)가 최고 명령인 교(敎)를 내리고, 이에 나마(奈麻)집단이 백(白) 즉 보고하고 있는데, 국가 행정체계에 주류 2부인 탁부와 사탁부가 중심이 되어 기능하고 있다. 501년 단계에 있어서, 탁과 평으로 이뤄진 6부의 모습, 관등이 탁부 등 주류 2부에서 시작하여 6부로 확장되고, 이어 지방관등인 외위(外位)의 형성에도 영향을 주고 있던 모습을 볼 수 있다.

함안 성산산성 출토 목간의 성격론 : 2차 보고분을 중심으로

이용현 한국고고미술연구소 2005 고고학지 Vol.14 No.-

경상남도 함안군 가야읍 성산산성(사적 제67호)은 국립창원문화재연구소에 의해 1991년부터 1994년에 걸쳐 매년 조사발굴을 실시하였으며 또 2000년부터 현재까지 한 차례씩 기획 발굴조사를 실시해오고 있다. 이 과정에서 약 120점의 목간이 출토되었다. 이는 지금까지 출토된 한국 고대의 목간 250여점의 약 반을 점하는 것으로 단일 유적의 동일 유구에서는 가장 많은 출토 점수이다. 또 6세기에서 8세기의 연대폭을 갖는 한국의 목간 가운데, 가장 이른 시기에 속한다는 점도 주목할 만하다. 이같은 점에서 성산산성 목간은 매우 중요하다. 1998년 제1차 보고서에 의하면 수습된 목간은 모두 27점인데 이 가운데 묵서(墨書)가 확인된 것은 23점이었다. 동 연구소는 2000년부터 2002년에 걸쳐 매년 한 차례씩 3개년에 걸쳐 발굴조사를 진행하였고 또 다시 90여 점의 목간이 추가로 출토되었다. 2004년에 발간된 2차 보고서에 의하면, 새로 발견된 목간의 수는 묵서가 없는 것까지 포함하여 94점이라고 한다. 이 중 묵서가 확인된 것은 69점이다. 필자는 이미 1차 및 2차 보고분에 대해 사견을 개략적으로 표명한 적이 있다. 2차 보고서의 발간으로 1차 보고분에만 국한되었던 기존의 논의도 1차 보고분과 2차 보고분 합해 재론되어야 할 시점에 이르렀다. 이 자료와 용례를 통해 6세기 신라사회의 문자생활과 국가 운영의 실상에 대해 구체적으로 논의할 수 있게 되었다. 이를 위해 본고에서는 함안 성산산성 출토 목간의 성격에 대해 논하였다. Over the course of 5 years between 2000 and 2004, a total of 90 wooden tablets were recovered from the Seongsan mountain fortress in Haman county, South Gyeongsang province. The region of Haman county belonged to the Gaya territory in ancient time and was subsumed within the Silla territory in the mid-sixth century A.D. The Seongsan mountain fortress was presumably constructed right after the region was incorporated into Silla. Up until 1999, 27 wooden tablets had been excavated. Different hypotheses on the use of these tablets, such as personal identification, register, or as baggage tags, were proposed. The 90 wooden tablets recovered after the year 2000 provide information that was not delivered by the previous 27 pieces. Most of all, one tablet has three consecutive letters, "Pae(稗)," "Ⅱ(二)," "Seok(石)." The previous argument that "Pae" or "Pae Ⅱ" represents a position in government service is no longer supportable. It seems equally difficult to support the hypothesis that these wooden tablets were used as personal identification or register. Rather, these tablets seem to have been used as baggage tags.

위암 환자에서 세포성 면역 기능에 관한 연구

이재익,윤일국,이종선,김종완,장준,안정기,송민호,정현용,이헌영,김삼용,김영건 충남대학교 암연구소 1991 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.1 No.1

We performed a variety of lymphocyte stimulation tests, delayed hypersensitivity skin tests, and enumeration of several lymphocyte subpopulations in 21 patients with gastric cancer who did not receive any form of anticancer therapy, and in 20 healthy controls. The gastric cancer patients had significantly decreased number and total score of positive reactions in delayed hypersensitivity skin tests compared with the healthy controls. The percent of CD_(4) positive lymphocytes in the gastric cancer patients was significantly decreased compared to the normal control subjects, but it had no correlation with the total score of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. The ratio of helper to suppressor cells was lower in the cancer group. The uptake of 3H-thymidine was markedly depressed in cancer patients when stimulated with various mitogens. There was little correlation between any of the stimulation tests and any of the lymphocyte subpopulation proportions to delayed hypersensitivity cutaneous reactions. Optimal proliferative response was found in lymphocytes stimulated with 10 micrograms of concanavalin-A and 10 microgram of phytohemagglutinin. Advanced stage patients had greatly depressed delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions and proliferative responses to mitogens compared with localized diseases. These results suggest that gastric cancer patients have depressed cellular immune functions, which mainly result from the decreased helper cells and defects in functional proliferative response to mitogens. Interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma restored the in vitro proliferative response of lymphocyte in patients with gastric cancer.

장상피화생과 Helicobactor pylori와의 상관 관계에 관한 연구

이복희,김대수,이현숙,진영주,윤세진,송형근,성노현,정현용,이동호 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.2

In 1965 Lauren divided advanced gastric carcinoma into two main types-namely, "intestinal" and "diffuse" type carcinoma, which differ not only morphologically but also in their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Moreover, a different histogenetic process has been postulated by many authors that intestinal type gastric carcinoma might arise from areas with intestinal metaplasia. Since Warren and Marshall reported the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach in 1983, strong evidence has been obtained that there is a close relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and intestinal type gastric carcinoma. To study the relationship between intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori infection, we performed gastroscopic biopsies and CLO tests taken from patients with epigastric pain. Only 87 patients with macroscopically suspected antral gastritis were included. The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in gastric antral biopsies increased from 33.3% in the age group<30 years to 63.6% in the age group 60 years. When all patients were divided into two age groups-namely, (i)<50 years(n=41) and (ii)≥ 50 years(n-=46), intestinal metaplasia was found significantly more often in patients ≥ 50 years. ((i) 39.2%, (ii) 54.3%, p<0.0001). The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in gastric antral biopsies decreased from 66.7% in the age group<30 years to 62.5%, in the age group in the age group 50 to 59 years. When all patients were divided into the same two age groups-namely(i)<50 years and (ii)≥50 years, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori did not differ between two groups in a statistically significant way. The mean age of intestinal metaplasia positive patients who were also Helicobacter pylori positive was 48±11.0(mean±S.D.)years, whereas the mean age of intestinal metaplasia positive patients who were Helicobacter pylori negative was 52±9.7(mean±S.D.)years. In conclusion. although our data do not prove a causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and the histogenesis of intestinal metaplasia, we suggest that Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in the development of intestinal metaplasia in the gastric mucosa. Whether Helicobacter pylori has to be present at all times during this process or is only necessary as a 'trigger', needs further research.

간흡충증에서 초음파검사의 진단적 가치

이현경,김지용,성낙진,홍성태 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

목적: 간흡충증에서 초음파검사의 진단적 가치를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 5월 한달 동안 간흡충의 농후유행지인 형산강 유역 포항지역의 436명의 자원자를 대상르로 초음파검사, 피내반응검사, 대변검사를 시행하였다. 이후 대변검사를 기준(gold standard)으로하여 초음파검사의 민감도, 특이도, 양성예측도 및 음성예측도를 알아보았다. 결과: 간내담관의 확장 및 담관주위 에코를 양성 소견으로 하였을 경우 초음파검사의 민감도 65.5%, 특이도는 64.6%, 양성예측도는 38.2%, 음성예측도는 84.3% 이었다. 결론: 초음파검사는 피내반응검사보다 민감하지는 못하나 특이적이었다. 그리고 피내반응검사 양성자에게 초음파 검사를 시행하는 것은 진단기준의 특이도를 높여 주는 효과가 있었다. Objectives: In this study we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of sonography on clonorchiasis. Subjectives and Methods: During a month, May 1996 sonographic examination, skin test, and stool examination were performed to 436 volunteers of Pohang which is located along the Hyong-San-Gang river and is one of well known endemic areas. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), and negative predictive value(NPV) of sonography were determined while stool examination was assumed as a gold standard. Results: The sensitivity of sonography was 65.5%; specificity, 63.2%; PPV 38.2%; NPV, 84.3% if both intrahepatic duct dilatation and periductal echogenicity were assumed as positive findings. Conclusions: Sonography was less sensitive but more specific than skin test. And sonographic examination perfomed to skin test positive subjects could increase the specificity of diagnostic criteria.

백서 두개관세포에서 Ipriflavone이 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향

이용승,김영준,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 연구는 ipriflavone (isopropoxyisoflavone)의 투여가 백서 두개관세포의 증식과 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시도되었다. 태령 20-21일째의 백서 두개관세포를 분리 배양한 후, 10^(-9) M부터 10^(-5) M까지 농도의 ipriflavone을 투여하고 1일째와 3일째에 MTT 분석을 시행하여 흡광도를 평가한 결과, 모든 농도에서 백서 두개관세포의 증식을 보이지 않았다. 한편 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 14일째에 alizarin red염색을 시행하여, 형성된 석회화 결절 면적을 측정하였을 때, 10^(-8) M, 10^(-7) M, 10^(-6) M 농도를 투여한 경우 석회화 결절 형성이 유의하게 증가하였다. 골아세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 ipriflavone을 투여하고 7일째와 14일째에 추출한 RNA를 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응(RT-PCR)을 시켜 bone sialoprotein (BSP), type 1 collagen (COL I), osteocalcin (OCN) 유전자 발현을 관찰한 결과 BSP와 COL I 유전자는 배양 7일째 높은 발현을 보였고, OCN 유전자는 배양 14일째 높은 발현을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과 ipriflavone이 백서 두개관세포에서 석회화를 촉진시키고 골아세포의 분화에 관여하는 BSP, COL I 및 OCN 유전자 발현을 증가시켜 골조직의 개조를 빠르게 할 수 있음을 시사하였다. lpriflavone (isoprofoxyisoflavone), a synthetic derivative from soy isoflavone diazein, has been shown to inhibit bone resorption and perhaps stimulate bone formation. This study was performed to examine the effects of ipriflavone on the proliferation and bone remodeling in rat calvarial cells in vitro. The rat calvarial cells were isolated from fetus aged 20 to 21 days and cultured in BGJb media. The graded concentration of ipriflavone (10^(-9)-10^(-5) M) was administered into cultured cells. When the cell proliferation was estimated through the measurement of MTT assay, there was no increase in cellular proliferation of the rat calvarial cell at any ipriflavone concentration. The cellular activity was evaluated through the formation of mineralized nodules stained by alizarin red. The formation of mineralized nodules significantly increased at concentrations of 10^(-8) M, 10^(-7) M and 10^(-6) M ipriflavone. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses (RT-PCR) were done at 7 and 14 days after culture to detect the expression of Bone Sialoprotein (BSP), Type I collagen (COL I) and Osteocalcin (OCN). As a result, the expressions of BSP and COL I increased of the 7th day of culture and the expression of OCN increased on the 14th day of culture. These results indicate that ipriflavone facilitates the bone remodeling process by promoting rat calvarial cell differentiation and stimulating mineralization through increased expression of extracellular matrix genes, such as BSP, COL I and OCN.