Inhibition of oxidative stress induced‑cytotoxicity by coptisine in V79‑4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts through the induction of Nrf‑2 mediated HO‑1 expression

Hyeon‑Gyun Jo,Cheol Park,이혜숙,Gi‑Young Kim,Young‑Sam Keum,Jin Won Hyun,Taeg Kyu Kwon,Yung Hyun Choi,Su Hyun Hong 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.1

Background Coptisine is a natural alkaloid compound and is known to have multiple benefcial efects including antioxidant activity. However, whether it can protect lung fbroblasts from oxidative damage has not been studied yet. Objectives To investigate the potential inhibitory efect of coptisine against oxidative stress in V79-4 lung fbroblast cells. Methods V79-4 cells were treated with H2O2 (1 mM) in the presence or absence of coptisine (50 µg/ml), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 10 mM) or zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP, 10 µM) for the indicated times. The alleviating efects of coptisine on cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, mitochondrial dynamics, and inhibition of ATP production against H2O2 were investigated. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of specifc proteins. Results Coptisine inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by blocking abnormal ROS generation. H2O2 treatment caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 and decreased expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin A. However, these efects were attenuated in the presence of coptisine or NAC. Coptisine also prevented apoptosis by decreasing the rate of Bax/Bcl-2 expression in H2O2-stimulated cells and suppressing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the cytosolic release of cytochrome c. In addition, the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was markedly promoted by coptisine in the presence of H2O2. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a potent inhibitor of HO-1, attenuated the ROS scavenging and anti-apoptotic efects of coptisine. Conclusions Based on current data, we suggest that coptisine can be used as a potential treatment for oxidative stress-related lung disease.

Strain Distributions of Plane-Strained and Simple-Sheared Al–Mg Alloy

Hyeon‑Woo Son,Jae‑Cheol Lee,Hyun Soon Park,Soong‑Keun Hyun 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.11

Strain distribution in plane-strained (rolling) and simple-sheared (torsion) Al–Mg alloy has been estimated using both X-rayline profile analysis and electron backscatter technique. The strain analyses under unified texture distribution by orientationrotation showed that torsion has relatively homogeneous strain distribution regardless of texture component in contrast toinhomogeneous strain in rolling. In addition, annealing texture of torsion has more random texture than inhomogeneousrolling texture. Lower texture difference index in annealed torsion specimens suggest homogeneous strain distribution insimple shear has a higher resistance to strain-induced boundary migration, which has been known to be main reason forstrong development of ND||⟨100⟩ component during annealing of rolled Al sheet.

안전한 네크워크 환경을 위한 IP 역추적 시스템에 관한 연구

채철주,김재동,최병선,김지현,이재광 韓南大學校 2007 論文集 (인문·사회·자연과학·공학) Vol.37 No.-

컴퓨터 통신 네트워크의 급속한 발전은 사회 전반적인 부분에 많은 발전을 가지고 왔으나 이러한 통신 기술의 발전은 악의적인 목적을 가진 사용자들의 침입 증가라는 부작용을 초래하였다. 이로 인하여 좀 더 안전한 사이버 세상을 요구하는 많은 요구 사항들이 나타나고 있다. 이처럼 인터넷이 우리사회 전반의 지식 정보화 사회의 기반으로 발전하고 있는 반면, 정보통신망 역기능인 정보변조,해킹 등과 같은 불법적인 요소가 난무하는 장소로 변질되고 있는 것 또한 현실이다. 정보의 개방으로 인해 해킹 기술의 접근이 손쉬워진 현 상황에서 네트워크상에서 서비스를 제공하는 호스트들에 대한 보안 강화는 필수적인 요소로 대두되고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 능동적인 보안 시스템으로 IP 역추적 시스템을 제안하여 위와 같은 문제점들을 해결하고자 한다. There is a tremendous increase in the growth of Internet making people's life easy. The rapid growth in technology has caused misuse of the Internet such as cyber Crime. There are several vulnerabilities in current firewall and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) of the network computing resources. Automatic real time station chase techniques can track the Internet invader and reduce the probability of hacking. Due to the recent trends the station chase technique has become inevitable. In this paper, we design and implement lP traceback system using ICMP Traceback message. In this design there is no need to modify the router structure and we can deploy this technique in larger network. Our Implementation shows that ICMP Traceback system is safe to deploy and protect data in Internet from hackers and others.

당근의 고체배양에서 체세포발생중 세포내 생화학적 변화

차현철,박희승 단국대학교 1996 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

Some important macromolecules in The cells of embryogenic(E-) and non-embryogenic(NE-) calli of car-rot(Daucus carata cv. Daepooong-ochon) were quantitatively measured periodically during culture of 5 weeks on solid medium. The transfer of the callus from the MS medium with phytohormones to phytohormone-free medium induced embyroid formation at 10 days culture. And the condents of some solutes were changed dramatically at embryoid forming time. In other words, free amino acid and soluble protein contents were reached to maximum at 8th day after culture in E-callus cells. On the contrarily reducing suger content was decreased at early time leading to minimum value at 8th day on both calli imspite of the double value in E-callus comparing with Ne-callus at that time. The higher con-tents of sugars in E-callus may contributed by energy budgets needed to initiate embryoid formation. The activity of peroxidase and its specific activity was higher in E-callus than NE-callus at embryoid forming time and DNA content was steadly increased during that time. RNA content also was increased to reach peak at 16th day in NE-callus, at 24th day in E-callus. After that, the content was decreased to the original levels. In conclusion, the metabolism in the parenchyma cells may be changed dramatically in order to initiate the embryoid formation.

내염성 담배 캘러스의 미세구조

차현철 단국대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

The objective of this study is to to select Na-Cl-toerant callus from the cultured tobacco(Nicotuana tabacum L. cv. BY 4) tissues and to examine the properties of their structural characteristics by comparing with the corresponding non-selected(NS) callus. Selection of salt tolerant(S) callus was conducted by subcultureing the BY 4 callus in 200 mM NaCl-containing and modified MS callus culture medium for more than two years. There were some differences in ultrastructure between the two cells. One of the most prominent differences lied on the polyphosphate body(PB) of electron-dense granules. Large PBs were abundunt in the central vacuoles in S cells but absent in NS cells. In addition to this, small membrane-bound vesiclesa were also found in the vacuoles in S cells. Probably PBs and these vesicles are attributed to the mechanism of salt tolerance by avoilding toxic effect of excess salts. Accumulation of ions in the vacuoles as bound forms with organic solutes may result in compartmentalization in the vacuoles. The level of chloroplast was also different. Both cell types did not have fully functional chloplasts. A large starch grain in NS cells and a few thylakoid membranes in S cells were typical feature in each type of the chloroplasts.

行政改革을 中心으로 한 美國의 公務員制度

權哲賢 東亞大學校 1981 東亞論叢 Vol.18 No.1

The United States Civil Service System was overall reformed by the President Carter in 1978 after the Civil Service Law of 1883. Throughout the American Civil Service Reform history-and especially since 1883-there has been a tension between protections established to insure that employees are hired and fired solely on the basis of their ability, and the need of managers and policy makers to have flexibility to perform their jobs. Frequently, this tension is expressed as the "Rights of Employees" versus the "Need for Management Flexibility." Carter Reform is a result of the Civil Service Reform Movement which was continued after the Pendleton Act. This study serves two purposes. The first purpose is to describe the process of U.S.Civil Service Reform in terms of the age classification as follows. The second is to analyze especially the contents and the characteristic of the Cater Reform. <Age Classification> The firstperiod (1789-1829); The first six presidents all tended to stress individual fitness for office as a very important concern in making appointments. The second period(1829-1865)are the maturation of the spoils system. Increasingly during this period, partisan activities became major qualification for public office. The period of 1865 to 1883 witnessed the beginning of a reform movement, culminating in the passage of the Pendleton Act which provided the framework for a merit system in federal public employment. In the period, from 1883 to 1932 considerable expansion occured until around 80 percent of federal employees were under the merit system. The period of 1933 to 1978 traced the emergence and development of modern public personnel administration, culminating in the passage of the Civil Service Reform Act. The years from 1978 to the present; The Civil Service Reform Act established the Office of Personnel Management instead of U.S. Civil Service Commission which was created in 1883 to deal with the Federal Personnel Administration and The Senior Executive Service, which embodies a new structure for selecting, doveloping, and managing top level Federal Executives. The Bill provides for an independent Merit System Protection Board and Special Counsel to adjudicate employee appeals and protect the merit system and creates a statutory base for the improvement of labor-management relations, including the establishment in law of the Federal Labor Relations Authority.

Cryptococcal 뇌막염이 병발된 수막 암종증 1예

안병철,고지영,이현옥,최진영,권오상,박용욱 중앙대부설한국의과학연구소 1990 한국의과학 Vol.22 No.1

웨이블릿 변환과 독립성분분석을 이용한 디지털 워터마킹

차성철,김대성,최훈,손상욱,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2004 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.12 No.2

디지털 워터마크는 디지털 자료를 모사로부터 보호하는 방법이다. 그르므로 디지털 워터마크는 파일변환, 컬러변환, 약간의 몽롱화, 압축과 같은 치리에서 뿐 아니라 인쇄, 복사, 스캐닝에 대해서도 강인해야한다. 본 논문은 워터마크 추출을 위한 키 데이터와 독립성분분석을 이용하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 기법에서는 워터마크는 사람의 눈에 덜 민감한 원 영상의 웨이블릿변환 계수에 삽입된다. 그리고 독립성분분석 알고리즘은 서로 확률 분포가 다른 워터마크와 계수를 분리한다. 실험결과 워터마크가 워터마크 영상에서 사람 눈으로 인지할 수 없음을 보였으며, 워터마크 영상으로부터 키 데이터를 이용 영상이 일부 제거된 경우, 잡음이 첨가된 경우, JPEG 압축에서 워터마크의 추출이 가능함을 보였다. A digital watermark is a method to protect digital material from counterfeit. Therefore, it must be robust to withstand any processing, such as file format conversions, color conversions, slight blurring, sharpening color adjustment and compression as well as printing, copying and scanning. This paper proposed a method using key data and ICA algorithm for extraction of watermark. In this Method, we embed the watermark to the wavelet transform coefficients of original image which located in less sensitive subband to human eyes. ICA algorithm separated between watermark and coefficient that differs with probability distribution function each other. The experiment results have shown that the watermark is invisible to human eyes in watermarked image, and it is possible for watermarked image to extract the watermark with key data in various environment, such as removing, mixed noises and JPEG compressions.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

초등학교장의 변혁적 지도성과 교사 효능감과의 관계

임종철,김현정 부산교육대학교 교육대학원 2004 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

이 연구에서는 초등학교장의 변혁적 지도성과 교사 효능감과의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 문헌연구를 통해 지도성의 개념과 변천과정 학교장의 변혁적 지도성 이론, 교사 효능감에 대한 이론을 살펴 보았으며, 이러한 배경 이론에 근거하여 학교장의 변혁적 지도성의 하위요인으로 결속촉진, 카리스마, 지적인 자극, 개별적 관심을, 교사 효능감의 하위요인으로 자신감, 자기조절 효능감, 과제난이도 선호를 파악하였다. 그리고 선행연구를 통해서 두 변인의 관계를 고찰해 보았다. 문헌연구를 토대로 연구문제를 해결하기 위하여 부산시내 36개 초등학교 교사를 대상으로 학교장의 변혁적 지도성 및 교사 효능감 질문지로 측정하여 상관관계를 살펴본 결과 교사가 인식한 학교장의 변혁적 지도성 수준은 보통 수준 이상(M=3.30)으로 나타났으며, 하위요인별로는 다른 요인에 비해 지적인 자극을 많이 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 교사의 교사 효능감 수준도 보통 수준 이상(M=3.29)으로 나타났으며 하위요인별로는 다른 요인에 비해 자기조절 효능감을 보다 많이 지각하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 학교장의 변혁적 지도성과 교사 효능감의 상관관계는 r=.294(p<.001)로 유의한 상관이 있기는 하나 얕은 것으로 나타났으며, 하위요인간의 상관관계에서는 학교장의 변혁적 지도성의 하위요인인 결속촉진, 카리스마, 지적인 자극, 개별적 배려가 교사 효능감의 하위요인인 자기조절 효능감과 유의한 상관이 있기는 하나 얕고, 자신감, 과제난이도 선호와는 상관이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between the elementary school principals' transformational leadership and the teacher efficacy. To achieve this goal, several research problems were established as follows: First, what is the elementary school principals' transformational leadership (contribution to cohesion, charisma, intellectual stimulation and individual concern)? Second, what is the teacher efficacy(confidence, self-control and preference for task difficulty)? Third, what is the relationship between the elementary school principals' transformational leadership and the teacher efficacy? To solve these problems, both the literature research and questionnaire surveys were used in this study. Through the literature research, the concept of leadership and the process of its change was examined, and theory of the school principals' transformational leadership and its background of formation, the concept and the specific character of the transformational leadership, the primary factors and the effects of the transformational leadership were examined. And then it's attempted to find out contribution to cohesion, charisma, intellectual stimulation and concern for individual teachers, which were subordinate factors of principal transformational leadership. Concerning the teacher efficacy, self-efficacy, the concept of the teacher efficacy, the features of teachers with good the teacher efficacy and the elements of the teacher efficacy were examined. As for the teacher efficacy subordinate factors, teacher confidence, self-control efficacy and preference for task difficulty were investigated. Finally, earlier studies were reviewed to identify the relationship of the two factors. Based on the results of literature research and to solve the research problems, 36 elementary schools and 524 teachers of the schools in Busan Metropolitan City were selected randomly. The instruments used in this study were Gweon In-tak's transformational leadership questionnaire and Lee Hyeon-jeong's the teacher efficacy questionnaire. As for reliability, the former's Cronbach α coefficient was .98, and the latter's was .85. The collected data were analyzed with SPSSWIN Ver 10.07 program. The statistical data on mean and standard deviation were obtained, and t-test and F-test were conducted. In case there was any intergroup gap, Scheffe´ test was implemented as post-test, and the correlation between the two factors was measured by calculating Pearson'r. The findings of this study were as follows: First, the teachers considered their principals' transformational leadership to be on the average(M=3.30). By subordinate factors, intellectual stimulation were rated better than the others. Second, as for the impact of their background variables on their perception of principal transformational leadership, the principals were thought to exercise more transformational leadership by those who were lead teachers, had more than career of 20 years, in their 40s and worked at the schools of C and D grade. And they felt that the female principals displayed transformational leadership more than the male principals did. Third, the teacher efficacy is to be on the average (M=3.29). By subordinate factors, they put higher value on self-control efficacy than on the other factors. Fourth, as for the impact of their background variables on their the teacher efficacy, those who were male, lead teachers, had more than career of 20 years, in their 40s, and whose principals were male, viewed the teacher efficacy more favorably. Fifth, there was significant but weak correlation between the transformational leadership of their principals and their self-efficacy (r=.294, p<.001). By subordinate factors, contribution to cohesion, charisma, intellectual stimulation and individual concern had significant yet weak correlation to self-control efficacy, and they were scarcely correlated to confidence and preference for task difficulty. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the following conclusion was reached: First, how principals could be encouraged to exert more transformational leadership should be studied, and a variety of programs should be prepared to boost the transformational leadership of male principals. Second, in which way the teacher efficacy could improve should be considered. Especially, it's necessary to instill more confidence in teachers and urge them to make a challenge to difficult tasks. Third, as principal transformational leadership had weak yet significant correlation to the teacher efficacy, the former factor can predict the latter to some extent. Fourth, since questionnaire method was utilized in this study, future research should make a qualitative approach by using ethnography