http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
세대 간 거주근접성과 중고령 부모에게 제공하는 경제적 지원
최희정(Heejeong Choi),남보람(Boram Nam),유수빈(Soo-Bin You) 한국노년학회 2021 한국노년학 Vol.41 No.2
본 연구는 세대 간 거주근접성이 성인자녀가 중고령부모에게 제공하는 경제적 자원이전과 어떠한 관련성이 있는지, 세대간 거주근접성과 경제적 자원이전의 관계가 자녀의 성별에 따라 차이가 나타나는지 살펴보았다. 자녀 본인 뿐 아니라 형제자매의 거주근접성 역시 고려되었다. 미국 등 국외 선행연구는 근거리에 거주하는 형제자매가 제공하는 도구적 지원을 보완하기 위해 원거리에 거주하는 자녀의 경제적 지원수준이 높을 것으로 보았다. 데이터는 한국고령화연구패널 5차(2014)자료를 활용하였으며 연구대상은 부모의 연령이 60세 이상이고 자녀의 연령은 35세에서 55세 사이로 부모가 자녀와 동거하는 경우 분석에서 제외되었다. 부모의 경우 부부가구이거나 배우자와 사별한 독거가구로 구분하였다. 고정효과모형과 확률효과모형으로 가족내 분석을 실시하였고 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모와 30분 이내 거리에 거주하거나 혹은 1시간 이상 2시간 이내 거리에 거주하는 경우 아들의 경제적 지원액이 딸보다 많았다. 둘째, 선행연구 결과와 달리, 형제자매를 포함하여 모든 자녀가 부모와 1시간 이상 거리에 거주할 때 아들과 딸 성별의 구분 없이 경제적 지원액이 높았다. 세대간 거주근접성과 경제적 자원이전의 관련성은 배우자와 사별한 1인가구 부모가 경제적 지원의 수혜자인 경우 나타나지 않았다. We examined if intergenerational proximity might be associated with upstream financial transfer from adult children to older parents, and whether adult child gender might moderate the association. We considered siblings’ proximity to parents, as well as that of the adult child. Prior work conducted in the US and other countries has suggested that children living further from parents might provide financial support to compensate for instrumental support provided more by siblings living closer to parents. Data were drawn from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2014). Our analytic sample consisted of older adults 60+ and their children aged 35 and 55. None of the children co-resided with parents. Parental households consisted of either widowed individuals or married couples. For within-family analyses, fixed effects and random effects regression models were estimated. Results suggest first, sons living within a 30-minute distance, or within an hour to two-hour distance provided more monetary support to married parents compared to daughters. Second, contrary to existing findings, greater financial assistance was provided by sons and daughters when no children lived within an hour distance from their parents. For widowed parents living alone, intergenerational proximity was not associated with the amount of financial transfer from adult children.
Dysport and Botox at a Ratio of 2.5:1 Units in Cervical Dystonia: A Double-Blind, Randomized Study
Yun, Ji Young,Kim, Jae Woo,Kim, Hee-Tae,Chung, Sun Ju,Kim, Jong-Min,Cho, Jin Whan,Lee, Jee-Young,Lee, Ha Neul,You, Sooyeoun,Oh, Eungseok,Jeong, Heejeong,Kim, Young Eun,Kim, Han-Joon,Lee, Won Yong,Jeon BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015 Movement disorders Vol.30 No.2
<P>We aimed to compare Dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA, Ipsen Biopharm, Slough, UK) and Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA, Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) at a 2.5:1 ratio in the treatment of cervical dystonia (CD). A Dysport/Botox ratio of lower than 3:1 was suggested as a more appropriate conversion ratio, considering its higher efficacy and more frequent incidence of adverse effects not only in the treatment of CD but also in other focal movement disorders. A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, non-inferiority, two-period crossover study was done in CD, with a duration of at least 18 months. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment for the first period with Dysport or Botox, and they were followed up for 16 weeks after the injection. After a 4-week washout period, they were switched to the other formulation and then followed up for 16 weeks. The primary outcome was the changes in the Tsui scale between the baseline value and that at 1 month after each injection. A total of 103 patients were enrolled, and 94 completed the study. Mean changes in the Tsui scale between baseline and 4 weeks after each injection tended to favor Botox; however, this was not statistically significant (4.0 ± 3.9 points for the Dysport treatment vs. 4.8 ± 4.1 points for Botox; 95% confidence interval, −0.1-1.7; <I>P</I> = 0.091). The mean change of the Toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale score, the proportion of improvement in clinical global impression and patient global impression, and the incidences of adverse events were not significantly different between the two treatments. With regard to safety and efficacy, Dysport was not inferior to Botox in patients with CD at a conversion factor of 2.5:1. [http//clinicaltrial.gov: NCT00950664] © The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</P>