전자상거래 계약상의 법적 문제점에 관한 연구

이학승,정성훈 동국대학교 경제경영연구원 무역연구부 1999 國際貿易硏究 Vol.23 No.2

冷血動物(개구리)에서 日本腦炎 바이러스의 抗體보유에 관한 硏究

이연태,기영진,김광현,최성학,홍장선 단국대학교 신소재기술연구소 1993 신소재 Vol.3 No.-

일본뇌염 바이러스는 극동지방에서 여름철에 Culex tritaeniorhynchus 홍모기를 매개로 사람과 가축에 감염되여 질병을 유발하고 치명적인 결과를 초래하는 무서운 바이러스 질환의 원인체이다. 그동안 끊임없는 연구결과로 1970년 후반부터 일본뇌염 환자발생이 현저하게 감소하였다. 그러나 자연계에서 일본뇌염 바이러스의 생태학적 규명은 아직도 연구되어야 할 과제들이 산적되어 있다. 따라서 이 바이러스의 보유동물에 대한 자연계의 생활환경에 관한 연구가 필요하여 개구리의 항체보유여부를 규명 하였다. 6개도의 야외에서 채집한 개구리 681마리 혈청에 대하여 HI 방법에 의한 항체 분석을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 개구리 총 681마리의 일본뇌염바이러스에 대한 HI항체 보유율은 9.83%였다(p<0.01). 2. 일본뇌염바이러스에 대한 성별 HI 항체 보유율은 수컷이 2.63%(531마리 중 14마리). 암컷이 35.33%(150마리 중 53마리)로 암컷이 약 13배 높은 항체보유율을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 3. 종류별 HI항체 보유율은 북방산 개구리가 100%(1마리 중 1마리), 산개구리 66.66%(3마리 중 2마리), 금개구리 50.00%(36마리 중 18마리), 옴개구리 33.33%(6마리 중 2마리), 참개구리 6.92%(635마리 중 44마리)로 나타났다(p<0.01). 4. 월별 HI 항체 보유율은 11월이 66.66%(9마리 중 6마리)로 가장 높았으며 10월이 37.50%(32마리 중 6마리), 9월이 26.05%*142마리 중 37마리), 8월이 22.85%(35마리 중 8마리), 9월이 26.05%(142마리 중 37마리), 8월이 22.85%(35마리 중 8마리), 6월이 1.65%(241마리 중 4마리), 5월은 0%(222마리 중 0마리)이였다(p<0.01). 5. 지역별 일본뇌염바이러스에 대한 HI 항체보유율은 경기 16.56%(157마리 중 26마리, 충남 15.69%(172마리 중 27마리), 전북 7.14%(168마리 중 12마리)였고, 충북(71마리)과 강원(78마리)은 0%였다(p<0.010. Japanese Encephalitis virus(JEV) infects human and domestic animals via mosquitoes, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and cause diseases that results in serious consequencies in Far East area during summer season. Thanks to the continuous research on this virus, the frequency of occurrence has been greatly diminished since the second half of 1970. But, there are still much work needs to be done on the virus, especially on their ecology in nature. We studied the antibodies in frogs based on the perspective that the research must be done on the carrier animals of the virus. We tested sera by HI method from 681 frogs captured randomyl in the six provinces. The results are summarized as following 1. Antibody positive rate to HI was 9.83%(67 out of 681). 2. Among these positive frogs, positive rate for male was 2.63%(14 out of 531), and positive rate for famale was 35.33%(53 out of 150). the positive rate for female is higher than that of male by about 13 times. 3. Different positive rates were shown among different species; 100%(1 out of 1) in Rana temporaria ornativentris, 66.66%(2 out of 3) in Rana temporaria orativentris, 50%(18 out of 36) in Rana plancyi chosenica, 33.33%(2 out of 6) in Rana rugosa and 6.92%(44 out of 635) in Rana niglomaculata. 4. When the monthly positive rates were compared, November was the highest as 66.66%(6 out of 9), 37.5%(6 out of 32) in October 26.05%(37 out of 142) in September, 22.85%(8 out of 35) in August, 65%(4 out of 241) in June and 0% in May 5. Areal distribution of positive rate to HI was 16.56%(26 out 157) in Kyung Kee, 15.69%(27 out of 172) in Chung Nam, 7.14%(12 out of 168) in Chun Buk, and 0% both in Chung Buk and Gang Won.

카드뮴中毒으로 因한 白鼠睾丸 組織의 變化와 마늘의 防禦效果

李鶴燮,裵恩相,車喆煥 고려대학교 의과대학 1984 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.21 No.3

The garlic contains, along with many kinds of organic compounds, some allylsulfides, amino acids, thiolactic acid, glutathione and some vitamins has expected to yield the effect of detoxication of heavy metal poisoning by forming thiochelate compounds when reacting with heavy metals in bodies. To examine this hypothesis, especially for the effect of garlic on the detoxication of Cd-poisoning in testis, one of the most sensitive target organs of Cd-poisoning, a total of 60 albino rats were sampled as experimental animals and devided into six group: a group given with only 100ppm cadmium; one given 3.35% garlic; two groups given with 1.70% and 6.67% garlic in addition to 100ppm cadmium; one given 400ppm garlic oil and a group of controls. After rearing the rats with different meals and water as indicathe above for 12 weeks, alkaline phosphatase activity, cadmium content in testis and pathological changers in testicular tissue were measured and observed to have following results; The group given with 6.67% garlic in addition to 100ppm cadmium showed significant decrease of toxic changes due to cadmium poisoning in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, cadmium accumulation in testis, and pathological change of testicular of testicular tissues. On the other hand, the group given 100ppm cadmium only showed significantly higher cadmium in testis, more decrease of alkaline phosphatase activity and definite pathological findings of hydropic degeneration and necrosis with atrophy n seminiferous tubules and degenerative changes in germinal epithelium of testis. The group given with 400ppm garlic oil in addition to cadmium showed in midline reaction in every above toxic changes.

竹茹와 蘿蔔子가 實驗的 糖尿에 미치는 영향

明聖河,李學仁,金蓮燮 대한본초학회 1999 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

This experiment was performed into investigate the effect of Bambusae Caulis and Raphani Semen on the diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Experimenal diabetes was induced by 55㎎/㎏ of streptozotocin injection and administered Bambusae Caulis and Raphani Semen extract during 3 days after streptozotocin injection. Glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets were stained by use of immunohistochemical method and observed the relative amount of the each granules in Langerhans islet by light microscope and image analysis system. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Area % of insulin granules in Langerhans islets of Bamhusae Caulis extract adminstration group increased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 7th day and 14th day. 2. Area % of insulin granules in Langerhans islets of Raphani Semen extract adminstration group increased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 14th day. 3. Area % of glucagon granules in Langerhans islets of Raphani Semen extract adminstration group decreased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 14th day. With the above result, we know that Bambusae Caulis and Raphani Semen has a control effect on glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin.

다기관 기능부전을 초래한 치명적인 삼일열 말라리아 증례

박상원,김동우,박주원,이순일,신영학,김의종,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.2

삼일열 말라리아는 국내에서 재유행하고 있는 감염질환으로, 일반적으로 양성의 임상경과를 거친다. 저자들은 특이한 질병력이 없이 건강하였던 젊은 성인이 국내에서 삼일열 말라리아에 걸린 후 다기관기능부전과 폐출혈으로 사망한 증례를 경험하였다. 환자의 중증 임상경과를 설명할 만한 특이한 인자가 발견되지 않았다. Vivax malaria is a re-emerging infectious disease in Korea with cumulating 19,416 cases as of December 2003 since 1993. Vivax malaria is generally a benign disease with few severe complications. Even in the worldwide literature, there are only small number of case reports on severe complications. We experienced a fatal vivax malaria in a previously healthy young adult with severe multi-organ failure and fatal massive pulmonary hemorrhage. The patient presented with abdominal pain and shock. There were splenic hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, oliguric acute renal failure requiring dialysis, and pulmonary hemorrhage leading the patient finally to death. The initial parasitemia was 2,046/μL. Thin smear and PCR revealed only Plasmodium Vivax. There was no explainable cause of death except for the only serological suggestion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection without correlating clinical evidence. This is a first case of fatal vivax malaria in Korea since its re-emergence in 1993. Further case monitoring is needed to define whether this is a index case or an isolated one.

정신과 자문에 대한 임상적 연구

金相勳,李廷南,金明珪,金學烈 조선의대 1985 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.10 No.1

GTO 게이트 드라이버를 위한 2차측 제어 ZVS-PWM 컨버터

김학성,최한고,이상재 金烏工科大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

전원장치의 입출력간의 전기적 절연은 전력 트랜지스포모로 제어신호는 보통 optocoupler를 이용한다. 그러나 고압절연(>10KV)인 경우는 제어신호의 절연은 트랜스포머나 광케이블을 이용하게 되는데 이들은 직류신호를 직접 전송할 수 없으므로, 출력전압을 주파수로 변환하여 전달하게 되므로 변환시간 만큼의 시간지연이 생기게되어 전원장치의 응답특성과 제어성이 나빠지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 ZVS-PWM컨버터를 고전압 절연이 요구되는 GTO 게이트 드라이브의 전원데 적용하여 온라인으로 제어하는 것과 같이 빠른 응답특성과 안전성 및 제어성을 얻기위한 2차측 제어회로를 제안하여 그 유용성을 시뮬레이션을 통하여 확인하였다.

'과학1'의 개선을 위한 'FAST 1'의 분석 (3) : 'FAST 1'과 '과학1'의 교과용도서간의 연관성 비교분석 The Comparative Analysis of Relationship between Teaching Materials of 'FAST 1'and 'Science 1'

구정란,이학동,배광성 경상대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 科學敎育硏究所報 Vol.16 No.1

Teaching materials are elementary and essential tools for education. Through the mutual relation, they guide to effective learning. However, studies on the relation of these teaching materials have been little accmplished. In this study we selected the teaching materials of 'FAST 1' and 'Science 1' as studying materials. The purpose of this study is : First, to compare and analyze teaching materials for students between 'FAST 1' and 'Science 1'. Second, to compare and analyze teaching materials for teachers between 'FAST 1' and 'Science 1'. Third, to compare and analyze the relation of teaching materials respectively. The result of survey are as follows : 1. Teaching materials for students of 'Science 1' is descriptive and authoritic in comparison with 'FAST 1'. The constitution of 'FAST 1' tends to be explanatory and strict but those of 'Science 1' tends to be familiar. 2. 'FAST 1' supplies more various and useful teaching materials to teachers than 'Science 1'. Therefore 'Science 1' should be added more information of instruction, evaluation and background of science teaching in constitution of teaching materials for teachers. 3. 'FAST 1' analyzed which various and systematic in constitution of teaching materials in comparison with 'Science 1'. Based on the above results, we suggests that constitution of teaching materials of 'Science 1' be constituted in consideration of the merits and demerits of 'FAST 1' and 'Science 1'.

體育科 入試 實技考査種目의 妥糖性에 關한 硏究

金正默,林聖愛,李來華,金炳斗,安禹洪,李敏炯,金基學 慶北大學校 師範大學 1977 敎育硏究誌 Vol.19 No.-

The following conclusion has been derived from the foregoing results of analysis and observation. First, we found, in this proposed system, reliability, objecivity, and individuality. Second, this type of system must be able to measure numerable testees. Third, testees are regulated that they are brought to the same condition in which their willful adventage are not allowed, Fourth, when considering the foundamental physical strength and skills can be evaluated in general throughout all skills areas of physical education, the following items of skills are recognized to have the advantages and disadvantages which relatively lack or relieve one another. However, under various conditions of the prevailing system of the entrance physical test, the following measurable items of physical skills selected are concluded as having highest validity primarily for the physical entrance examination. 1. Side Step B Style 2. Zigzag Run 3. Wall Pass 4. Standing Long Jump

Racket 運動時의 反應時間과 運動速度 改善을 爲한 Simulator 「SQT」에 關한 硏究

허복,蔡鴻遠,李來華,李敏炯,金基學,鄭相澤,朴宇奎 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1986 체육과학연구지 Vol.2 No.-

The main purpose of this study was to improve greatly the most important reaction time(RT) and speed of movement (SM) at racket exercise by making program for simulator super quality training (S.Q.T) and applying it. The subjects employed were 25 male athletes composed of soccer players 8, volleyball players 7, shooting players 2, soft-tennis players 2, gymnastics player 1, and rugby football player 1 at the Kyungpook National University. We devided each sport player half and half by means of their pre-testing reaction time, and the subjects were devieded into experimental and control group. Experimental group was drilled by using light stimulus simulator training method and control group was drilled by using sound stimulus simulator training method. The training was practiced 20∼30 minutes a day regularly and 5 times a week for 5 weeks. Two groups practiced concentrically experimental learning by using light and sound simulator equipment by S.Q.T. program under equal condition. The propriety on the training effect was investigated by longitudinal analysis of results tested before and after experiment. As the result of the experiment, superiority and inferiority of two groups was evaluated by trying crosssectional analysis. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Reaction time Experimental group; The performance of this group was greatly improved after experiment. Control group; The performance of this group was greatly improved after experiment. Comparison of two groups; Leftward simple completion time showed a significant difference (p<.01), but the other elements did not showed it. As a whole, experimental group was superior to control group, but statistics showed little difference between the two groups. 2. Speed of movement Experimental group; The performance of all elements were improved after experiment(over p<.05). Control group; The performance of this group was improved at only 4 of 9 elements after experiment Comparison of two groups; The performance of service and dash showed a significant difference (p<.01) and the others did not showed it. But as a whole, experimental group was superior to control group in their performance. 3. Viewing Variance and correlation coefficient at the change of RT and SM, there were differences in the variance. This means that the standard deviation is great; i.e. the individual difference is great. The lower correlation coefficient means that correlationship is low in the performance before and after experiment: i.e. it means that individual difference was decreased because the gap of two groups, correlation coefficient became less. Especially, statistics showed that the record of the lower recorded players could be shortened to a maximum.