마이크로니들의 형태 및 적용방법이 약물의 피부 투과에 미치는 영향

임지호,이경록,이은주,조정원 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2012 藥學論文集 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop the microneedle using biodegradable and biocompatible polymer and to pioneer the new route of drug delivery through the research to apply the most desirable administration form of small molecules, peptides, proteins, genes, biological products including vaccines. Various biocompatible microneedles were manufactured. To apply drug to microneedle, drug formulation using ethylene vinyl acetate patch or polyacryl acid gel was developed. Drug permeation into rat skin based on the application method of patch or gel with microneedle was studied using Franz diffusion cell system. In vitro drug permeation results showed that the permeation by the application of hollow microneedle was not increased compared with solid microneedle. When G60 or G60*2 microneedle was used, the permeated amount of calcein was increased compared to when solid microneedle was used. The permeated amount of lidocaine HCl in 12 hr was increased when microneedle was used was increased. Skin irritation followed by microneedle showed there was little difference in the decrease of redness after microneedle application based on application time.

구강점막 부착용 케토프로펜 고분자 필름의 제조 및 평가

박진석,이상은,강봉석,이경록,이은주,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – The objective of this study was to prepare ketoprofen-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of ketoprofen was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 233 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.895 ± 0.033 mm for K4M patch and 0.727 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 95% and 67.5% release of ketoprofen, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 6.571 ± 2.703 gf and 2.735 ± 1.151 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.29 ± 0.38 sec and 28.30 ± 0.34 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

제7차 교육과정에 따른 국어과 읽기·쓰기 수행평가 연구(Ⅰ)

류성기,곽재용,천경록,이원희 한국초등국어교육학회 2002 한국초등국어교육 Vol.20 No.-

이 연구에서는 제7차 교육과정에 따라 초등학교에서 읽기와 쓰기의 수행평가를 실제적으로 적용하는 방안에 대하여 연구하였다. 제7차 국어과 읽기 교과서에서 '되돌아보기' 학습 면을 둔 것은 전체적으로 수행평가를 현실화하는데 긍정적 기여를 하고 있으나 실제로 분석해보니 단원별로 부족한 부분이 많았다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 되돌아보기 학습면을 보완한 학습지와 성취기준, 평가기준, 평가기록표를 개발하였다. 이 방안을 초등학교 교실에 한 학기 동안 적용하고, 수행평가의 현장 적용 가능성과 교수·학습 개선여부를 살펴보았다. 연구 방법은 개발 연구, 사례연구, 질적 연구, 관찰, 면담, 전문가 협의회 개최등의 방법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 교과서 되돌아보기를 보완한 읽기 수행평가 방안은 학생의 읽기 발달에 관한 질적 정보를 수집하는 방법이라는 결론을 얻었다. This paper have developed performance assessment strategies for reading and writing as the 7th Korean National Curriculum, and applied them one elementary school 6th grade classroom during one semester. There is review pages in every reading textbook chapters of 7th korean national curriculum. This contribute to performance assessment. But some of them is not so good. So we developed common tools, achievement standards, assessment standard, report card to compensate review pages, and to apply performance assessments. Method of study is case study, developing study, qualitative study, observation, interview, and panel conference. As a results, this performance assessment strategy could many good developmental informations of students.

마우스 대장암 모델 구축 및 항암제 활성 평가를 위한 예비 연구

김예솔,강봉석,이상은,이은주,이경록,정상헌,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are early imorphological changes observed in rodents after administration of colon-specific carcinogen such as azoxymethane (AOM). ACF are considered to be putative preneoplastic lesions and are widely used as a surrogate biomarker to rapidly evaluate chemopreventive potential of compounds. The size of colorectal cancer was evaluated after administration of three anticancer drugs, 1 parent drug and 2 prodrugs. The body weights of mice were measured daily and considered as a surrogate for evaluation of general wellbeing. Colons were removed, cut along the longitudinal axis and flushed with phosphate-buffered saline. Each colon was cut into three equal lengths and fixed flat between filter papers. The fixed colon sections were stained with methylene blue. The number of ACF per colon, the number of aberrant crypts observed in each focus and the location of each focus were recorded. After single administration of AOM and multiple doses of anticancer drugs, no significant changes in the body weights of the mice was observed which was recorded for 52 days. However, an expected ACF was not observed in any treated groups. These findings suggest the induction of ACF in mice requires the promotion by dextran sulfate sodium as well as the initiation by AOM.

제 7차 교육과정에 따른 국어과 읽기·쓰기 수행평가 연구(Ⅱ)

류성기,곽재용,천경록,이원희 한국초등국어교육학회 2002 한국초등국어교육 Vol.21 No.-

이 연구는 제7차 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 국어과 읽기와 쓰기 수행평가에 대한 것이다. 쓰기는 교과서의 '되돌아보기' 학습 내용의 타당성을 대부분 인정하고, 대신 '되돌아보기' 학습을 하고 난 후의 정확한 평가 기준표를 제시하고 이를 검증해 보는 것에 역점을 두었다. 특히 거시적 관점에서 10단계의 평가 기준표를 제시하여 학생들의 쓰기 수준이 어느 정도까지 이르렀는가를 측정해 볼 수 있게 하였다. 이 연구는 현장 적용이 가능한 국어와 읽기와 쓰기의 수행평가의 방법을 제시해 주었다는 데 큰 의미가 있다. This study is about the performance assessment for reading and writing of Korean Subject in elementary school being on the 7th Korean National Curriculum. The part of writing puts great emphasis on showing an accurate assesment rubric and verifying it after "review pages", instead of accepting mostly the adequacy of learning contents on "review pages", in textbook. Above other things it suggests an assessment rubric of 10 level and can help to measure what level the writing level of students is in. The great meaning of this study is to suggest the method of the performance assessment for the reading and writing of Korean Subject possible to be applied to the schools. It needs to suggest the method of the intergrative performance assessment for speaking, listening, reading, writing, Korean knowledge, and literature as well. But we will study the above-mentioned remark in future.

트리암시놀론 아세토니드를 함유한 구강점막 부착성 패치의 제조 및 평가

엥흐자야,여동기,박진석,이은주,이경록,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2013 藥學論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The objective of this study was to prepare triamcinolone acetonide-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as a film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as an adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of triamcinolone acetonide was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 240 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.942 ± 0.026 mm for K4M patch and 0.703 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch, respectively. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 80% and 76% release of triamcinolone acetonide, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 4.66 ± 0.76 gf and 2.69 ± 0.90 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.73 ± 0.44 sec and 28.68 ± 0.61 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

2009 Historical Consideration of Hanji Used as Art Materials

Lee, Ji-Young,Kim, Chul-Hwan,Lee, Young-Rok,Baek, Gyeong-Gil,Lee, Hee-Jin,Gwak, Hye-Jung,Kim, Sung-Ho,Gang, Ha-Ryun Korea Furniture Society 2009 한국가구학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Traditional Korean paper called Hanji using bast fibers from mulberry tree is made through complicated handmade works. This made Hanji very strong and exceedingly durable. Therefore it is said to last a thousand years. Such incomparable features of Hanji come from the unique sheet forming method called ouibalttugi using a bamboo screen. Excellent physical properties of Hanji reflect the wide variety of use, all central to everyday life. Despite its Excellency, the papermaking practice of traditional handmade paper, Hanji, from Korea is little known outside its country. This might be due to public apathy on Hanji in modern times. Without future apprentices dedicated to the craft, the Korean tradition able to make its soul is in danger of extinction in its homeland. Therefore more concern and more affection on Hanji is required immediately. It must be kept in mind that Hanji is our cultural heritage in pride over time.

Bortezomib, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone combination therapy followed by thalidomide and dexamethasone consolidation as a salvage treatment for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: analysis of efficacy and safety

Lee, Sung Sook,Suh, Cheolwon,Kim, Bong-Seog,Chung, Jooseop,Joo, Young-Don,Ryoo, Hun-Mo,Do, Young Rok,Jin, Jong-Youl,Kang, Hye Jin,Lee, Gyeong-Won,Lee, Moon Hee,Shim, Hyeok,Kim, Kihyun,Yoon, Sung-Soo,B Springer-Verlag 2010 Annals of hematology Vol.89 No.9

도심밀도관리를 위한 용도용적제 시행방안에 대한 연구

이건록(Lee, Gun-Rok),이경록(Lee, Gyeong-Rok),여춘동(Yeo, Chun-Dong) 한국주거환경학회 2014 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.12 No.1

Development density zoning as a management approach established in the system is a multi-functional society resulted in the failure of the density distribution. Therefore, the improvement of the existing zoning system established through the study of the effectiveness of urban development density to find the purpose of this management plan In this study, through the use of a first volume and a viable model for the Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu is verified through simulations and the results are as follows. It is difficult to secure additional urban infrastructure in accordance with the purposes of floor area ratio, it is more efficient to apply. Therefore, the amount of traffic caused many commercial areas difficult to secure the infrastructure established by application to the development of urban density, it is appropriate to administer. In addition, through management density suitable for purposes of traffic congestion, reducing the degree of the required infrastructure were quantifiable. On these result, we can recognize the practical floor area ratio by floor use application. And this study has significance that floor area ratio by floor appreared to show higher utilization level as a means of managing urban density.

뉴스 데이터 인덱싱을 위한 매트릭스 거리 기반 화자변화 검출에 대한 연구

이경록(Gyeong-Rok Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2013 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.1

In this paper, I implement the SCD(Speaker Change Detection) system for news data indexing and experiment the matrix distance based SCD algorithms. As conventional algorithms, KL2, GLR, BIC, NCLR, and T<SUB>d</SUB> were applied to the experiment. The SCD system was established in three stages by reflecting the features of news audio data. The content of each stage is as follows: silence-based SCD in the first stage; matrix distance based SCD in the second stage; and speaker clustering in the third stage. For the experiment data, one news report (57 minutes) was utilized as training data and two news reports (1 hour and 58 minutes) were used as test data. In the training process, the optimal algorithm and threshold were calculated for second and third stage. After training, T<SUB>d</SUB> showed the best result in the second and third stage. The SCD system using T<SUB>d</SUB> in the second and third stage showed capabilities of MDR 1.8% and FAR 83.3% in the test data.