직접 의료 지도를 위한 교신내용의 분석

정상헌,정진우,정준영,윤영현,이재훈 대한응급의학회 2015 大韓應急醫學會誌 Vol.26 No.5

Purpose: On-line medical control, in addition to indirect control like protocols, is known to exert a positive effect on the quality of prehospital care. Because the decision-making process of directing physicians depends on the information provided by prehospital providers via telecommunication, brief and organized reporting of significant points is of paramount importance. Methods: Telecommunications regarding direct medical control provided by emergency physicians in a university hospital were recorded from May 1 to June 30, 2012. All communications were between cellular phones. Analysis of the recorded dialogues was performed by an independent researcher. Results: A total of 115 cases were included for analyses. Affiliated fire offices were reported in 107 (93.0%) cases, while certification of responding officers was reported in only 62 (53.9%) cases. All five vital signs were reported in only 9 cases (7.8%), including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation. Procedures delivered before telephone contact were reported in 30.4% of cases, and reporting rate of patient response to treatment was 16.5%. Estimated times of arrival to the destined hospital were reported in only 8.7%. Conclusion: Reporting procedures regarding prehospital direct medical control should be concise and comprehensive, including essential elements like certification of the provider, consciousness and vital signs of the patient, and estimated time of hospital arrival.

N-Cyanoaziridine 유도체의 합성 및 항암효과 평가

정상헌 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1991 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.1991 No.-

Structural and Optical Characterization of PA-MOCVD Grown ZnO Nanorod-Arrays on Silicon Substrates

정상헌,송호준,Kyoung-Ho Park 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.6

In this study, vertically well-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays were successfully grown on silicon wafers at a low temperature of 400 $^\circ$C by using a catalyst-free plasma- assist metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (PA-MOCVD) technique. The detailed investigation on the optical and the structural properties of the as-grown ZnO nanorods was performed by using various analytical techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations indicated that the ZnO nanorods grown at inductively coupled plasma (ICP) powers above 150 Watt were highly $c$-axis aligned with a high crystal quality as demonstrated by the ZnO (0002) rocking curve being as narrow as 3.41$^\circ$. Photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature (RT) and 6 K clearly confirmed that the ZnO nanorods in the present study had excellent optical quality and high purity, showing only free exciton emission peaks at 3.383 eV and 3.30 eV in the 6 K and the RT PL spectra, respectively, without any trace of defect related emissions.

MMP2 억제제 2-(benzenesulfonamido)-N-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionamide의 hydroxamic acid 부분의 구조적 중요성 규명

정상헌,박현,조국현 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2003 藥學論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Gelatinases A (MMP-2) and B (MMP-9) containing Zinc are considered to be a valuable target for the prevention of metastasis and formation of new vessel. (R)-2-(Benzenesulfonamido)-N-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionamide (1) had been identified as a simple and potent inhibitor of these enzymes. This compound has hydroxamic acid moiety which chelate Zinc very efficiently However its chemical instability producing carcinogenic hydroxylamine in vivo has been an issue for the development of its clinical utility. To avoid generation of its hazardous metabolite, the possibility of replacement of hydroxamic acid moiety with other functional groups containing ability to bind Zinc was investigated Thus compounds containing mercapto (7), benzenesulfonamido (10), benzamido (11), cyclohexylureido (12), or 4-chlorobenzenesulfonylureido (13) were prepared and their inhibitory activity were tested against gelatinase A. None of these compounds show the inhibitory activity of gelatinase A. This indicates that hydroxamic acid like small moiety- at this region is essential for the inhibitory activity against these enzymes.

사립유치원 교사의 문제행동 지도와 협력에 대한 인식과 요구

정상헌,이병인,박주연 한국유아특수교육학회 2016 유아특수교육연구 Vol.16 No.1

This study were investigted individual interviews with semi-structured questionnaires, to find out the perception and demands of teachers in private kindergartens on infants’ problem behaviors teaching and cooperation. Interviews using consensual qualitative analysis method were recorded to be transcribed. Rating teams were organized to conclude the results through independent data analysis and consensus. Results of the study are outlined below. First, regarding teachers’ perception on causes of maladaptive behaviors, the study found that maladaptive behaviors are caused in affiliation with household issues and period of children adjusting to kindergartens and that problematic behaviors mostly arise during playtime, mobility and meal time. Types of behaviors recognized as maladaptive behaviors included deviant behaviors from teachers’ instructions, inappropriate behaviors to rules or regulations, aggressive or dangerous behaviors, overreaction, disruptive behaviors, inappropriate behaviors among classmates, depressed or insecure behaviors and tantrums. Difficulties in teaching maladaptive infants were found to be unimproved behaviors of infants, lack of experience, lack of professional expertise, absence of support for teaching problematic infants, hardships in teaching and instruction methods, and child-rearing attitudes of other teachers and parents. Second, warning and punishing with strong tones, warning or admonishing lightly, showing indifference, having conversations with and listening to children on equal levels, providing positive reinforcement (giving stickers or compliments), giving autonomy, utilizing additional resources for selecting teaching methods, receiving help from other teachers, directors or assistant directors of kindergarten schools, counseling with parents and using other media were identified as coping measures for maladaptive children. Third, view of teaching, different perspectives on maladaptive behaviors, difference in teaching methods among teachers, difference in teaching conditions and experiences, lack of time for cooperation, lack of communication among teachers, lack of teaching on collaboration and training for cooperation measures and lack of professional support were indicated as hindrance factors for cooperation among teachers. Finally, communication among teachers, observation and consultation among teachers, regular meetings to form partnerships, support from experts on cooperation measures, sharing and utilization of common teaching methods among teachers, system enhancement, partnership and participation among teachers on equal levels were demanded for further cooperation in teaching children with problem behaviors. Therefore, the result of the following study has significance in enabling provision of basic information and effective cooperation required for further cooperation in teaching younger children with problem behaviors. 본 연구는 현직 사립유치원 교사를 대상으로 유아의 문제행동 지도과 협력에 대한인식과 요구를 알아보기 위해, 반구조화된 질문지를 가지고 개별면담을 하였다. 개별 면담한 자료는 녹음ㆍ전사되고, 평정팀을 구성, 독립적인 자료 분석을 통해 합의과정을 걸치는 합의적 질적 분석 방법을 사용하여 연구결과를 도출하였다. 연구결과는 다음과같다. 첫째, 문제행동은 유치원 적응시기와 가정에서의 원인이 연계되어 발생하며, 놀이상황이나 이동, 급식 시간에 많이 발생하였다. 문제행동으로 인식하는 유아의 문제행동 유형은 공격적이거나 위험한 행동, 과잉반응 행동, 수업방해 행동, 또래관계에서의 부적절한 행동, 떼쓰는 행동, 교사의 지도나 지시와 다른 행동, 질서 및규칙을 지키지 않는 행동, 우울 및 불안 행동이었다. 문제행동 지도의 어려움으로는 개선되지 않는 유아의 문제행동, 경험 부족과 전문적 지식의 부재, 문제행동 지도에 대한지원의 부재, 교사와 다른 부모의 양육 태도로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아 문제행동 지도방법으로는 벌주기 및 강한 어투로 주의주기, 가볍게 말로 경고하거나 주의 주기, 무관심하기, 유아와 동등하게 대화 나누고 들어주기, 긍정적 강화(칭찬, 스티커), 스스로해결하는 자율성 주기, 다른 교사나 원장, 원감에게 도움받기, 부모와의 상담, 기타미디어 매체 활용으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유아 문제행동 지도를 위한 교사 간 협력의 저해 요인으로는 교사의 교직관과 문제행동에 대한 시각의 차이, 교사 간 운영 방법 및 방식의차이, 근무조건과 경력의 차이, 협력시간의 부족, 의사소통기술의 부족, 협력에 대한 교육과 연수의 부족, 전문가의 지원 부족으로 나타났다. 문제행동 지도를 위한 교사 간 협력에 대한 요구로는 교사 간 의사소통, 교사 간 관찰하기 및 자문, 정기적 협력 회의, 협력에 대한 전문가의 지원, 교사 간 공통된 지도법 공유 및 사용, 시스템의 개선, 교사간 동등한 협력 및 참여로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 향후 유아의 문제행동 지도를 위한 교사 간 협력 시 기본적인 정보를 제공하여 효과적인 협력이 이루어질 수있게 한다는데 그 의의가 있다.

2-Aminobenzothiazole 유도체의 합성 및 항균작용에 관한 연구

정상헌,정원근,정필근,이남복 대한약학회 1976 약학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Sixteen compounds of 2-aminobenzothiazole derivatives were synthesized from alkyl ($C_{1-5}$) p-aminosalicylate by thiocyanation reaction. The NMR spectra of synthesized compounds showed that they were actually mixture of 5-hydroxy-6-alk-oxycarbonyl-2-aminobenzothiazole [alkoxy=methoxy(Ia), ethoxy (IIa), n-propoxy (IIIa), iso-propoxy (IVa), n-butoxy (Va), iso-butoxy (VIa), n-amoxy (VIIa), iso-amoxy(VIIIa)] and 7-(1b), ethoxy(IIb), n-propoxy(IIIb), iso-propoxy(IVb), n-butoxy(Vb), iso-butpxy (VIb), n-amoxy (VIIb), iso-amoxy (VIIIb)]. The mixtures of two isomeric benzothiazole were separated by two isomers varied with the kind of alkyl chain in alkyl p-aminosalicylate. These compounds were subjected to the test for antimicrobial activities using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by tube dilutioin method. The seven compounds, Ia, IIa, IIIa, VIa, IIIb, IVb and Vb showed inhibition of the growth of S. aureus at the concentration of 10${\mu}$g/ml. As to the growth of E. coli, IVb, VIb, VIIb, and VIIIb were observed inhibition at the concentration of 1${\mu}$g/ml. Ia, IIa, IIIa, VIIa, Va, VIIIa, and IIb exhibited potential antimicrobial activities against showed inhibition of the growth of E.coli at the concentration of 100${\mu}$/ml.

남여성 인표현의 비대칭 양상

정상헌 언어과학회 1998 언어과학연구 Vol.15 No.-

N-Cyanoaziridine 유도체의 합성 및 항암효과 평가

정상헌 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1991 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.1 No.1

Seven derivatives of 2,3-alkyl substituted N-cyanoaziridine were stereoselectively prepared from alkyl substituted alkenes and cyanamide. NMR spectral property and conformation of N-cyanoaziridine were analysed. Protons(3.34 ppm) at 2,3 position of N-cyanoaziridines are significantly deshielded in case of cyclopentyl fused N-cyanoaziridine. These protons are getting more anisotropically shielded with increasing the fused carbocycle size of N-cyanoaziridine. Therefore chemical shift for these protons are upfield shifted to 2.80 ppm in case of cyclooctyl fused N-cyanoaziridine. Their ED_(50) values aganist L_(1210) cell in vitro were evaluated as 0.5~8.0 μg/ml. Conformation of carbocycle of fused N-cyanoaziridine is more important to their cytotoxicity than the increment of the strain energy of 3-membered ring.

2,3-Alkyl Aziridinecarboximidate류의 합성 및 항암효과 평가

정상헌,안병준 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1991 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.1 No.1

Seven drivatives of 2,3-alkyl substituted aziridinecarboximidates were prepared from alkyl substituted alkene and cyanamide. Their ED_(50) values against L_(1210) cell in vitro were evaluated as 1.5 to 4 μg/ml.

효율적인 디퍼지파이어에 관한 연구 ( A Study on the Efficient Defuzzifier )

정상헌,문성진,정재경,김원찬 대한전자공학회 1991 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1991 No.11