개질 아스팔트 혼합물의 변형강도 측정 연구

김광우,도영수,이기호,조문진,최선주 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

본 논문은 아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성과 상관성이 높은 특성치를 찾고자 Kim test를 개발하여 현재 적용성 연구결과를 다루고 있다. 이 논문은 새로운 강도특성치인 변형강도(S_(D))를 개발하는 Kim, test 연구의 4단계 연구 결과이다. 13 mm 골재(편마암, 화강암)와 입도(밀입도, 갭입도) 5가지 폴리머로 제조한 8가지 바인더로 두 가지 입도에서 소성변형 저항성이 다른 32가지 혼합물을 만들었다. 슬래브(305㎜×305㎜×62㎜)공시체를 제조하여 한쪽은 Kim, test를 수행하기 위하여 18 cm정도로 잘라서 코어를 3개 채취하고 다른 한쪽은 12cm크기로 하여 반복주행시험을 실시하였다. Kim, test는 하중봉 3(0.75), 4(1.0)을 사용하였다. W/T시험으로부터 최종 침하 깊이와 동적안정도의 두 가지 소성변형 계수를 각 혼합물별로 구했다. 각 하중봉과 골재별, 입도별로 S_(D)와 소성변형 계수간의 통계적 상관관계 분석을 수행한 결과 S_(D)와 소성변형 계수와의 결정계수가 매우 높게 (R²>0.95) 나타났다. 하중봉 4(1.0)이 3(0.75)보다 다소 높은 상관성을 보였다. 향후 Kim test실험에서 하중봉 4(1.0)을 사용하고 4단계 방법을 이용한다면 소성변형 특성치인 침하깊이(DR)와 동적안정도(DS)와의 상관성이 매우 큰 시험법이 될 것이다. 또한 변형강도의 파괴 메커니즘은 콘크리트의 펀칭파괴와 유사하여 콘크리트의 전단강도 추정식을 근거로 아스팔트 콘크리트의 재료 특성에 적합한 추정식 계수 ◁ 원문 수식 참조 ▷ 를 얻었다. 이 식을 이용한다면 아스팔트 콘크리트가 견딜 수 있는 임계하중을 변형강도에 근거하여 추정할 수 있을 것이다. This study shows predictability of rut parameters of modified and unmodified asphalt concretes based on the deformation strength (S_(D)) which is calculated from the maximum load, deformation and size variables of loading head under simple static loading. This paper is the result of latest studies, phase 4 which is a part of Kim, Test studies for developing a new strength property for asphalt concrete. Two aggregates, gneiss and granite, two gradations, dense-graded, gap-graded, with maximum, size of 13mm and eight binders using different contents of five polymers (RLDPE, RHDPE, LDPE, SBS, SBR) were used to produce 32 different mixtures. A slab (305㎜×305㎜×62㎜) was cut into two pieces(18cm and 12cm width) and three 10cm cores were taken for S_(D) test from the larger piece and wheel tracking test was performed on the smaller piece. Kim test was performed using loading head 4(1.0), 3(0.75). Two rut parameters, depth of rut and dynamic stability, from the rut depth-cycle curve from a WT test were obtained for each mixture. Statistical analysis were performed for each loading head, aggregate, and gradation to find out correlation between S_(D) values and each rut parameter. The analysis results showed that S_(D) had high R² (over 0.95) on the average with rut parameters. The loading head 4(1.0) showed R² better than 3(0.75). It is concluded that S_(D) is the property that has excellent predictability for rut parameter of asphalt concretes. An equation, ◁ 원문 수식 참조 ▷ was obtained based on the equation of concrete shear load creating punching failure and current test data, because the failure mechanism of S_(D) is similar to punching failure of concrete. In the equation, P is shearing force creating punching effect, b is length of perimeter of punching area and d is depth of specimen. If this formula is used, a critical load for deformation failure will be predicted based on the S_(D).

HDPE 폐비닐 개질 아스팔트 혼합물의 강도 및 공용 특성 연구

김광우 ( Kim Kwang Woo ),이기호 ( Lee Gi Ho ),권오선 ( Kwon Oh Sun ),조문진 ( Cho Mun Jin ) 한국농공학회 2004 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2004 No.-

본 연구는 폐비닐 펠렛을 도로포장재료로 재활용하여 자원절약 및 아스팔트 혼합물의 품질향상을 위한 연구이다. 이를 위하여 폐비닐의 첨가량별 배합설계를 수행하여 적정 폐비닐 첨가량과 최적 아스팔트 함량으로 편마암과 화강암 2가지 골재와 폐비닐인 RHDPE의 함량을 4가지로 혼합물을 제작하여 8종류의 개질 혼합물과 2종류의 무개질 혼합물을 제작하였다. 그리고 이 공시체에 대하여 마살안정도, 간접인장강도 및 Kim test와 반복주행시험 등 실내시험을 통하여 혼합물의 특성을 분석하였다. 폐비닐 첨가량은 RHDPE가 8%일 때 안정도와 간접인장강도 모두 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났고 취성도 나타나지 않았다. RHDPE를 첨가한 혼합물에 대하여 Kim test를 수행한 결과 DR과 DS 모두 높은 상관성을 보였다. 그리고 반복주행시험에서는 RHDPE를 첨가한 혼합물이 일반 혼합물보다 우수하였다. 향후 많은 실험을 통해 RHDPE의 우수성을 입증한다면 소성변형 저항성에 우수한 재료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다. This study is a fundamental research for recycled high-density polyethylene (RHDPE) in asphalt mixture for improving roadway pavement. Mix design was conducted by RHDPE content and optimum asphalt content (OAC) was determined for dense-graded surface course mixture. Marshall stability test, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, wheel tracking test and Kim-test were carried out to measure the characteristics of RHDPE-added asphalt concretes. From the results of this study, RHDPE in asphalt mixture is possible. It could be considered that adding too much RHDPE in asphalt mixture is not proper. The optimum content of RHDPE was appeared to be 8%. In Kim-test, Statistical analysis were performed for each loading head and aggregate to find out correlation between SD values and each rut parameter. The analysis result showed that SD had very high coefficient of determination on the average with rut parameters.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

성장호르몬 분비성 뇌하수체 선종에서 소마토스타틴 수용체 (제2아형, 제5아형), G_i2α 및 Pit-1 유전자 발현

류미숙,양인명,박철영,우정택,김성운,김진우,김영설,최영길,김은희,박승준,김국기 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.2

Background: Mutation of Gs protein subunit (gsp oncogene), detected in about 30∼40% of growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary tumors, is associated with an increased long-acting somatostatin analog octreotide sensitivity. However, the mRNA expression of somatostatin receptor (sst) was not changed in the GH-secreting pituitary tumor, regardless of whether they were gsp oncogene positive or negative. This suggests that the expression of genes coding for G_i2α, Pit-1 and the other factors involved in the regulation of secretory activity in somatotrophs is likely to be altered in gsp oncogene positive tumors. We observed the impact of the gsp oncogene on the expression of the genes coding for Gi2, Pit-1 and sst (2&5) in GH-secreting pituitary tumors. Methods: The GH response to octreotide was examined in 13 acromegalic patients before transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Genomic DNA and RNA were extracted from fresh frozen tumor tissues. PCR was performed to amplify and sequence the region between codon 184 and 251 that includes exons 8 and 9 of the Gs gene. Sst2, sst5, G_i2α and Pit-1 mRNA levels were measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results: Sst2 and sst5 mRNA transcripts were detected in all tumors (7 gsp +, 6 gsp-). The amount of sst transcripts varied considerably varied between the tumors. There were no significant differences in sex, age, tumor size, grade or basal GH levels. Pit-1 and sst2 mRNA levels were not different. In contrast, G_i2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in gsp (+) while sst5 mRNA levels were higher in gsp (-). Conclusion: These data suggests that gsp oncogene may increase Gi2α levels but decrease sst5 mRNA levels. However, Pit-1 and sst2 mRNA expression may not be affected by gsp oncogene. The increased expression of the G_i2α gene might be an inhibitory compensatory response to the action of gsp oncogene

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

SVD 알고리즘 및 HMM을 이용한 얼굴 및 눈 패턴 검출

진경찬,김명남,신장규,손병기,조진호 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The studies about automatic pattern detection of the eye and face from the human image acquired by the CCD image sensor have good applicabilities in the industry, home automation, and data communication field. In general, pattern detection method consists of feature based matching and template matching. In feature based matching, the feature vector is extracted with DLM(dynamic linking matching), EBGM(elastic bunch graph matching), HMM(hidden markov model) matching and knowledge based matching using statistical characteristics. In template matching, in general, the template vector is extracted with PCA(principal component analysis). When these method applied in the face and eye detection, each method has its own merits and some disadvantage. Therefore, by combined utilization of SVD(singular value decomposition) and HMM algorithm, is expected that we can selectively make use of each methods advantage and it result in improved detection accuracy. In this paper, we proposed the method for face and eye detection, which was combined by the two algorithms, to be suitable for the high speed image processing using DSP chip or microprocessor. In the beginning, template matching was followed by a template extraction using batch SVD algorithm and then face pattern was classified and recognized by HMM algorithm which is one of feature based matching technique. Finally, eye pattern detection was performed by pattern search neural network utilizing eigeneye image.

殺蟲性 結晶蛋白質 特異的인 抗體의 生産

김기윤,이정민,유형진,백길현,권무식 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1996 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive soil bacterium characterized by its ability to produce crystalline inclusions during sporulation. These parasporal bodies consist of protoxins known as crystal proteins exhibiting highly specific insecticidal activities. The Lepidoptera-specific protoxin, Cry IAc, was purified from E.coli JM103 harboring the cry IAc gene. The gene was isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-73 and subcloned into an expression vector, pKK223-3. The recombinant DNA(pOS4201) was transformed into E.coli JM103. The Cry I Ac protoxin overexpressed in the E.coli was isolated from the total proteins by differential solubility. The protoxin were trypsinized to obtain activated toxin. The proteins was resolved on SDS gel. The molecular weights of the pro-and toxin were resistered about 130,000 and 65,000 Daltons respectively. The Cry IAc toxin was used as immunogen to produce anti-Cry IAc antiserum in a rabbit. The immunogen (200㎍/ 200㎕) was mixed with an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant, and the mixture was hypodermically injected to the hide back (30 spots) and paws (2 spots) of the rabbit. The immunization was performed four times every two weeks. The dosage of the immunogen was decreased by half, and incomplete adjuvant was substituted for the complete one from the second immunization. The serum was prepared from the blood as described elsewhere. Immunoreactivity of the serum was examined by dot-blotting with the aid of GAR-HRP indirect immunoassay kit. It has been found that the anti-Cry I Ac antiserum recognized nano-gram quantity of antigen under these experimental conditions. The antiserum will he used for the development of immunochemical mean(s) to screen transgenic plants transformed by the insecticidal characteristics of Cry I Ac.

EFFECT OF EUGENOL AND CAPSAICIN ON THE VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ION CHANNELS OF TRIGEMINAL AFFERENTS

김주연,박상진,최기운,최호영 대한치과보존학회 2000 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.25 No.3

삼차신경절의 뉴런이 구강악안면영역에서의 촉각, 압각,온도각 및 통각 등 다양한 감각을 중추신경계로 전달하는 역할을 하는 것은 주지의 사실이다. 이러한 신경전달에 있어서 이온통로는 감각정보를 전달하는데 핵심적인 역할을 수행하며 특히 소디움 통로는 활동전위의 발생에 중요하다. 소디움 통로는 tetrodotoxin-sensitive(TTX-5) 및 tetrodotox-in-resistant(TTX-r) 통로로 나누어지는 데 이 중 TTX-r 통로에 발생되는 tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium cur-rent(TTX-r INa.)는 capsaicin에 민감한 일차구심신경세포에서 유해자극에 의해 통각신호를 발생시키고 전달하는데 중요하다. 또한 칼슘 통로는 시냅스 전토에 있어서 필수적인 역할을 수행하고 있다. 한편 치과영역에서 치수의 진정 목적으로 eugenol이 흔히 사용되고 있다. 그러나eugenol의 그 작용 기전에 대해서 현재까지 이온통로에 대한 상세한 결과가 없는 실정이며 최근의 보고에 의하면 eugenol이 capsaicin수용기를 통하여 감각신경에 대한 억제작용을 나타낸다고 한다. 따라서 본 실험은 eugenol과 capsaicin이 흰쥐의 삼차신경절의 TTX-r INa와 칼슘통로에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고 eugenol이 capsaicin 수용기를 통하여 작용하는지를 검증하고자 시행되었다 삼차신경절 뉴런은 100-150g의 흰쥐의 삼차신경절로부터 외과적으로 절제하여 통법의 화학적 및 기계적 처리를 통해 단일세포로 분리하였고 이를 Whole-cell patch clamp 방법을 이용하여 시행한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1.1mM의 dugenol은 흰쥐 삼차신경절 뉴런의 TTX-r INa.와 HVA INa.를 억제하였다. 2.1㎛의 capsaicin은 흰쥐 삼차신경절 뉴런의 TTX-r INa 와 HVA INa 를 억제하였다 3.Capsazepine은 capsaicin의 HVA ICa 에 대한 억제작용을 차단하였다. 4.Capsazepine은 capsaicin의 HVA ICa .에 대한 억제작용을 차단하지 못하였다. 결론적 으로 eugenol과 capsaicin은 tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current(TTX-r INa )와 high voltage-activated calcium current(HVA ICa )를 모두 억제하는 것으로 나타났으며 , 이러한 작용이 통각의 발생과 시냅스 전달과정을 차단하여 치수 진정 목적으로 많이 사용하는 eugenol의 작용기전으로 판단된다. 한편 capsaicin의 길항제인 capsazepine을 전처치하였을 때에도 eugenol의 HVA ICa 에 대한 억제효과는 변화가 없었다. 이와같은 결과로 보아 HVA ICa 에 관한한 eugenol은 capsaicin 수용기를 통하여 나타나지 않는 것으로 사료된다.

高敞地域 農業用水源의 水質特性에 關한 硏究

金煥起,姜鎭錫,全鍾南 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1992 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.7 No.-

This paper had study on the water quality characteristics and water quality management of water sources as agricultural water in Gochang. This study included the measurement of stream water quality, water quality of reservoir and water quality of groundwater, this investigation was tried to find out water quality standard of agricultural water into each sources. Results from water quality analysis, the water quality of stream in Gochang was measure that pH was 8.5-7.0, COD was 14.8-1.6㎎/ℓ, SS was 282.8-1.2㎎/ℓ, T-P was 2.64-0.17㎎/ℓ, T-P was 0.22-0.01㎎/ℓ, electric conductivity was 220-50㎲/㎝ and Cd, Pb, Cu was below 0.01㎎/ℓ. The water quality of reservoir in Gochang was measure that pH was 7.0-8.0, COD was 8.0-2.6㎎/ℓ, SS was 126.1-3.4㎎/ℓ, T-P was 1.13-0.456㎎/ℓ, T-P was 0.16-0.05㎎/ℓ, electric conductivity was 200-130㎲/㎝. The water quality of ground water in Gochang was measure that pH was 6.0-8.4, TS was 51.8-419.8㎎/ℓ, COD was 2.4-1.0㎎/ℓ, CO_3^- was 125.8-14.5㎎/ℓ, SO_4 was 0.46-48.3㎎/ℓ, Cl^- was 134.1-3.6㎎/ℓ, T-N was high 15㎎/ℓ Therefore, stream water and reservoir water in Gochang had adequate to agricultural water quality standard. The ground water had adequate to agricultural water quality standard in deep well and low well.

장기간 복합운동 유형에 따른 신체 구성과 중성지방의 변화

김현,주진만,정윤기 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This study is designed to make an analysis of the differences between aerobic exercise and resistive exercise in accordance with changes in the order of combination exercise patterns by group, to make study of the connection between physiological changes and biochemical changes and to determine the most suitable form of exercise. The researcher worked with a total of 16 overweight women at departments of nursing science(eight subjects per group). They were made to go through 12 weeks' training. Making a comparative analysis of changes in their body composition and blood lipid before and after training, the researcher came to the following conclusions. The survey on changes in the prior and post body composition of the subjects in accordance with the order of exercise shows that there was a statistically significant difference(P<.05) in weight, fat mass(body fat) and theratio of waists and hips in case of the jogging group(B) after weight training, and that there was no statistically significant difference in the two groups(A, B), although there was a mean difference in FFM(fat-free mass). The survey on changes in prior and post TG(Triglyceride) in the blood according to the order of exercise indicates that there was a significant difference(P<.05)when the jogging group(B) took a rest after weight training. According to the findings, there was a statistically and positively significant difference in the physiological and biochemical changes of body composition and blood lipid before and after training in case of aerobic exercise(jogging) group after resistive exercise(weight training), which the researcher thinks serves as one of the most suitable models.