Phase separation phenomena and thermodynamics of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether in micellar solutions: Effect of high concentration of inorganic salts and linear correlation

Dan Ni Li,Jing Huang,Zhao Hua Ren,Rui Sheng,Zheng Bo Qian,Bei Bei Li,Xiao Feng Quan,Ye Xi Zhang,Jun Ru Wang,Huan Tian 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

The phase separationphenomena or cloud points (CP) behaviorof nonionic octylphenol polyoxyethylene etherwith oxyethylene glycol ether unit of 15 (OP-15) were investigated in aqueous micellar solutions containinghigh concentrations of inorganic salts including NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, BaCl2, AlCl3, FeCl3, Na2SO4and Na2SiO3. The change in CP induced by salts and its mechanism are discussed theoretically. In aqueous solutionscontaining high concentration of salt, for thefirst time the linear relationship between CP and saltconcentrationiswellestablishedtocharacterizethedepressionofCP.Basedonpseudophaseseparationmodel,thermodynamic parameters are estimated and adopted to further describe the phase separation process andthe interactions between OP-15 molecules or the OP-15/water interactions. Thermodynamic parametersincluding standard Gibbs energy change (DG0CP), enthalpy change (DH0CP) and entropy change (DS0CP)indicate that the additions of different salts result in the change in entropy-driven nonspontaneousprocess of phase separation. These data, which are from the compensation temperatures and the changeof molar heat capacity, also prove that different ions induce the change in the interactions betweensurfactant molecules or the surfactant–water interaction and thus affect the depression of CP. Thesefindings help with understanding the effect of inorganic salts, especially the high concentration of salt, onCP of nonionic surfactant and then broadening the application of nonionic surfactant based on CP such asthe extraction of biomaterials in biological samples derived from animals or plants, etc.

An Analysis of Research Trends in Mobile Learning through Comparison between Korea and China using Semantic Network Analysis

Dan NI,이지연 한국교육공학회 2019 Educational Technology International Vol.20 No.2

This study aims to compare and analyze the trends of research on mobile learning conducted in Korea and China to suggest future directions and multifaceted subject areas in its study field. To achieve this purpose, 620 Chinese papers from CNKI (CSSCI and CSCD) database and 205 Korean papers from RISS database (KCI and KCI candidate) published between 2009 and 2018 were selected to be analyzed through applying the frequency analysis and visualized semantic network analysis. The criteria for analysis used in this study are four types: publication years, research subjects, research methods, and keywords. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, in relation to the year of publication, Korea entered the peak of mobile learning research in 2016 (33 papers), and China reached high publications (94 papers) in 2017. Secondly, with regard to the research subjects, the most frequently studied subjects in Korea and China were targeted to college students, followed by general adult groups. Thirdly, in terms of research methods, quantitative research accounted for a high proportion in Korea, but in China, documentary research showed a high frequency. Fourthly, the high frequency keywords appearing in mobile learning research in the two countries were mainly reflected in language learning. Based on the findings, several directions of future research for both countries were suggested.

Lao Dao Wai

Dan Ni Zhao 한국콘텐츠학회 2015 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2015 No.12

Where Is My Home?

Dan Ni Zhao,Shuang Wang 한국콘텐츠학회 2014 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.10 No.2

Distinct Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Zhejiang Saffron against Human Lung Cancer Via a Caspase-8-9-3 Cascade

Liu, Dan-Dan,Ye, Yi-Lu,Zhang, Jing,Xu, Jia-Ni,Qian, Xiao-Dong,Zhang, Qi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Here we investigated the antitumor effect and mechanism of Zhejiang (Huzhou and Jiande) saffron against lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H446. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the contents of crocin I and II were determined. In vitro, MTT assay and annexin-V FITC/PI staining showed cell proliferation activity and apoptosis to be changed in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The inhibition effect of Jiande saffron was the strongest. In vivo, when mice were orally administered saffron extracts at dose of 100mg/kg/d for 28 days, xenograft tumor size was reduced, and ELISA and Western blotting analysis of caspase-3, -8 and -9 exhibited stronger expression and activity than in the control. In summary, saffron from Zhejiang has significant antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo through caspase-8-caspase-9-caspase-3 mediated cell apoptosis. It thus appears to have more potential as a therapeutic agent.

A Network Intrusion Detection Model Based on K-means Algorithm and Information Entropy

Gao Meng,Li Dan,Wang Ni-hong,Liu Li-chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.8 No.6

Many factors could influence the clustering performance of K-means algorithm, selection of initial cluster centers was an important one, traditional method had a certain degree of randomness in dealing with this problem, for this purpose, information entropy was introduced into the process of cluster centers selection, and a fusion algorithm combining with information entropy and K-means algorithm was proposed, in which, information entropy value was used to measure the similarity degree among records, the least similar record would be regarded as a cluster center. In addition, a network intrusion detection model was built, it could make cluster centers change dynamically along with the network changes, and the model could real-time update the cluster centers according to actual needs. Experiment results show that the improved algorithm proposed is better than the traditional K-means algorithm in detection ratio and false alarm ratio, and the network intrusion detection model is proved to be feasible.

Robust Stochastic Sampled-data-based Output Consensus of Heterogeneous Multi-agent Systems Subject to Random DoS Attack: A Markovian Jumping System Approach

Hongjie Ni,Zhenhua Xu,Jun Cheng,Dan Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.7

This paper addresses the robust stochastic sampled-data-based output feedback (SSDBOF) consensuscontroller design for a network of continuous-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems (MASs) in the presence ofdenial-of-service (DoS) attack. Under the mild assumption that the sampling instant is stochastically triggered andsatisfies the Markov property, a homogeneous Markovian jump system (MJS) method is introduced that is capable ofmodeling the stochastic sampled-data-based control system. Furthermore, the randomly occurring Deny-of-Service(DoS) attack problem is also taken into account due to the existence of potential adversary that tries to block thecommunication channels. A novel discrete-time stochastic Markovian system model is first introduced that enablesus to deal with the stochastic sampling and random DoS attack phenomena in a unified framework. Then byadopting the decoupling scheme, some sufficient conditions are proposed such that all the outputs of the followingagents can track the output of the leading agent, and the prescribed H∞ performance level is also guaranteed. Inour work, the SSDBOF consensus controller design method is transformed to a feasibility problem subject to thelinear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints. The theoretical results are finally applied to solve the position trackingproblem of a network of vehicle systems

Effect of Cisplatin on the Frequency and Immuno-inhibitory Function of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells in A375 Melanoma Model

Huang, Xiang,Guan, Dan,Shu, Yong-Qian,Liu, Lian-Ke,Ni, Fang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.10

Background: To investigate the change of frequency and immuno-inhibitory function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) after treatment of cisplatin (DDP) in A375 human melanoma model. Materials and Methods: BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with A375 cells to establish the human melanoma model and randomly divided into control group given normal saline (NS) and experimental group treated with DDP (5 mg/kg). The percentages of MDSCs in the tumor tissue and peripheral blood after DDP treatment were detected by flow cytometry. The proliferation and interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) secretion of T cells co-cultured with MDSCs were analyzed through carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling assay and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, respectively. Results: In A375 human melanoma model, DDP treatment could significantly decrease the percentage of MDSCs in the tumor tissue, but exerted no effect on the level of MDSCs in peripheral blood. Moreover, DDP treatment could attenuate the immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs. T cells co-cultured with DDP-treated MDSCs could dramatically elevate the proliferation and production of INF-${\gamma}$. Conclusions: DDP can decrease the frequency and attenuate immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs in A375 melanoma model, suggesting a potential strategy to augment the efficacy of combined immunotherapy.

Particle image velocimetry measurement of complex flow structures in the diffuser and spherical casing of a reactor coolant pump

Yongchao Zhang,Minguan Yang,Dan Ni,Ning Zhang,Bo Gao 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.3

Understanding of turbulent flow in the reactor coolant pump (RCP) is a premise of the optimal design ofthe RCP. Flow structures in the RCP, in view of the specially devised spherical casing, are more complicatedthan those associated with conventional pumps. Hitherto, knowledge of the flow characteristics ofthe RCP has been far from sufficient. Research into the nonintrusive measurement of the internal flow ofthe RCP has rarely been reported. In the present study, flow measurement using particle imagevelocimetry is implemented to reveal flow features of the RCP model. Velocity and vorticity distributionsin the diffuser and spherical casing are obtained. The results illuminate the complexity of the flows in theRCP. Near the lower end of the discharge nozzle, three-dimensional swirling flows and flow separationare evident. In the diffuser, the imparity of the velocity profile with respect to different axial crosssections is verified, and the velocity increases gradually from the shroud to the hub. In the casing, velocitydistribution is nonuniform over the circumferential direction. Vortices shed consistently from thediffuser blade trailing edge. The experimental results lend sound support for the optimal design of theRCP and provide validation of relevant numerical algorithms.

Guaranteed Cost Control of Networked Control Systems with DoS Attack and Time-varying Delay

Yeping Shen,Wen-an Zhang,Hongjie Ni,Dan Zhang,Li Yu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.4

This paper is concerned with the guaranteed cost control for a class of networked control systems (NCSs)with denial-of-service (DoS) attack and time-varying communication delay. First, an uncertain switched systemmodel is proposed that is capable of capturing the DoS attack and the short time-varying delay simultaneously. Toachieve the exponential stability with a guaranteed cost performance level, a sufficient condition is derived in termsof matrix inequalities. In our work, the proposed design condition establishes several quantitative relations betweensystem performance and attack parameters. Moreover, the critical value of strong attack frequency is also obtained. Finally, a practical example is given to show the effectiveness of our results.