Three-Dimensional Polymeric Mechanical Metamaterials Fabricated by Multibeam Interference Lithography with the Assistance of Plasma Etching

Kang, Da-Young,Lee, Wooju,Kim, Dongchoul,Moon, Jun Hyuk American Chemical Society 2016 Langmuir Vol.32 No.33

<P>The pentamode structure is a type of mechanical metamaterial that displays dramatically different bulk and shear modulus responses. In this study, a face-centered cubic (FCC) polymeric microstructure was fabricated by using SU8 negative type photoresists and multibeam interference exposure. Isotropic plasma etching is used to control the solid-volume fraction; for the first time, we obtained a structure with the minimum solid-volume fraction as low as 15% that still exhibited high structural integrity. Using this method, we reduced the width of atom-to-atom connections by up to 40 nm. We characterize the effect of the connection area on the anisotropy of the mechanical properties using simulations. Nanoindentation measurements were also conducted to evaluate the energy dissipation by varying the connection area. The Young's/shear modulus ratio is 5 times higher for the etched microstructure than that of the bulk SU8 materials. The use of interference lithography may enable the properties of microscale materials to be engineered for various applications, such as MEMS.</P>

로스팅 조건에 따른 카카오 닙 첨가 쿠키의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성의 최적화

김다솔(Da Sol Kim1),오현빈(Hyeonbin Oh),김시연(Si Yeon Kim),이휘림(Phyrim Lee),김영순(Young Soon Kim) 한국조리학회 2020 한국조리학회지 Vol.26 No.3

八味元이 Streptozotocin 糖尿病에 미치는 影響

김희경,문정숙,박귀영,이다미,이은영,장윤경,황미경 曉星女子大學校 藥學大學 學生會 1988 曉星藥誌 Vol.4 No.-

Streptozotocin was injected to rats and rabbits to induce the experimental diabetes mellitus and Palmiwon was administrated to observe the changes of blood sugar, body weight, and serum Zn, Ca, Mg level in order to find out the effect of diabetic tratment by experimental method. And thus, the result was as follows: 1. The blood sugar level of diabetic rat was decreased after administration of Palmiwon. 2. Body weight of diabetic rat was moderately decreased after administratin of Palmiwon. 3. The less streptozotocin, 30 mg/kg, don't easily induce diabetes mellitus in rabbits. We did not find the changes of blood sugar, serum Zn, Ca, Mg level in the rabbits injected by streptozotocin, 30mg/kg of body weight.

모유 수유아와 조제 분유 영양아에서 수유 방법에 따른 아미노산 농도 비교 및 혈청 트립토판 농도와 수면 유도와의 관계

정다운,김은영,양은석,박상기,박영봉,문경래 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Objective: Sleep behavior is modulated by serotonergic neurons within the brain, and the synthesis and release of serotonin by such neurons is thought to be influenced by the availability of tryptophan, the amino acid precursor of serotonin. Formula-feeding infants have depressed plasma tryptophan concentration relative to breast milk-feeding infants. Because tryptophan alters sleep waking patterns in adults, a study was designed to determine the difference of sleep latency relative to differences in plasma tryptophan and tryptophan : large neutral amino acid (LNAA) ratio between formula-feeding infants and breast milk-feeding infants. Method: 45 newborns who were born in Chosun University Hospital from December 2002 to December 2003 were selected. The newborns were divided to three group, 15 newborns were fed breast milk and 15 newborns were fed formula A, and last 15 newborns were fed formula B. At 6 weeks and 12 weeks, infants were sampled for measuring of serum amino acid level and tryptophan, tryptophan : LNAA ratio. And we taught infants' parents to measure sleep latency that means the time after a feeding to the first episode of active REM sleep that persist ≥ 1 min. Result: 1) At 6weeks, Serum α-amino-n-butyric acid, citrulline, tryptophan level was higher in formula A group than breastmilk group (P<0.05) and proline level was lower than breast milk group (P<0.05). In formula B group, serum n-amino-n-buryric acid, citrulline, cystine, hydroxylysine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, taurine, threonine, valine levels were higher than breastmilk group (P<0.05). And Serum isoleucine, methionine, proline, valine level were higher in formula B group than formula A group (P<0.05). 2) At 12 weeks, serum glutamic acid, methionine, ornithine levels were higher in formula group A than breast milk group (P<0.05). Serum β-alanine, aspartic acid, α-amino-n-butyric acid, ethanolamine, glutamic acid, threonine level were higher in formula B group than breast milk group (P<0.05). Serum β-alanine, ethanolamine levels were higher and arginine level was lower in formula B group than formula A (P<0.05). 3) At 6 weeks, serum tryptophan concentration and tryptophan: LNAA ratio were higher in formula A group (P<0.05). Sleep latency was 21 minutes in formula group A, 24 minutes in breast milk group, 25 minutes in formula B group but there was no statistically significance (P>0.05). 4) At 12 weeks, serum tryptophan concentration and tryptophan: LNAA ratio, time after feeding to the first episode of active REM sleep were no difference with each other group. Conclusion: There is significant difference of serum amino acids between breast-feeding infants and formula-feeding infants. And serum tryptophan and tryptophan: LNAA ratio differ between brest-feeding infants and formula-feeding infants. But there is no association between serum tryptophan, tryptophan: LNM ratio and sleep latency.

분말혼화제를 사용한 콘크리트 포장(包裝)화에 관한 기초적 연구

한다희,김영주,박무영,박희곤,이영도,정상진 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

Most concrete is recently made of an aggregate which is properly absorbed, and carried in it according to its capability at every fields. We have been close to demand new capability of high flowing and enduring for specific concretes. That is difficult to cope with claiming the efficiency on deterioration from lack of a high quality aggregate. Therefore, For solving the problems we apply to method of packaged dry combined materials for concrete using dried materials. That is to say that it is a kind of making into an instant. In this study, There is a purpose to present fundamental data, comparing and analyzing a phenomenon of aggregate's absorption following the rate of adding water, for using existing materials.

시중에 판매되고 있는 아이스크림의 일반세균 및 대장균군 오염 실태

정다운,김영환,손종렬,변상훈 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

Ice cream is a vastly consumed food enjoyed by a wide range of people. Therefore, it is easily accessible and amounts to hundreds of its kind. Ice cream is a ready-made food which could be served without undergoing cooking process and thus putting weight on its hygienic condition. And so we set out to conduct some research on the number of E-coli bactria contained in commercially sold ice creams. We applied Lactose broth method along with Desoxycholate agar method which enables us to verify the existence of E-coli bacteria and how much is contained. We focused our research on soft ice creams and aimed to seek out the degree to which they were contaminated by E-coli bacteria. 4 major distributors of soft ice cream out of 5 didn't meet the maximum allowance of E coli bacteria to be found. The number of general bacteria observed per 1 ㎖ of specimen must be held at less than 100,000, and this wasn't violated by any of the companies' samples. Yet on E-coli testing, all of K, L, B and M companies' samples respectively exceeded the permitted limits of bacteria to be detected.

건조 재료를 사용한 콘크리트의 포장화에 관한 실험적 연구

한다희,박희곤,백민수,김성식,이영도,정상진 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

Most concrete is recently made of an aggregate which is properly absorbed, and earned in it in order to do capability at every fields. We have been close to demand new capability of high flowing and enduring for specific concretes. That is difficult to cope with claiming the efficiency on deterioration from lack of a high quality aggregate. Therefore, For solving the problems we apply to a packing method for using dried materials. That is to say it is a kind of making into an instant. In this study, There is a purpose to present fundamental data, comparing and analyzing a phenomenon about aggregate's absorption following the rate of adding water, for using existing materials.

마늘-죽염 제제가 위장 장애 유발 흰쥐의 항산화 효소활성에 미치는 영향

허근,김영희,김대경 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.11 No.-

Garlic has been known to be effective against the gastrointestinal diseases which can be induced by production of oxygen-derived free radical. It has been shown that bamboo salt is effective on the treatment and prevention of various gastrointestinal disorders. Bamboo salt is a processed salt invented by a Korean, ll-Hoon Kim. It has been reported that garlic and bamboo-salt are useful to the treatment of gastric disorders in Korea. To clarify the protective mechanism of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture, the gastropathy was induced in rats with alcohol-salicylate and the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes were examined. In this study, we found that the garlic-bamboo salt mixture reduced the severity of hemorrhagic lesion in gastric mucosa in the rats. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) were significnatly increased and the total content of GSH was recovered. From these results, we concluded that the protective effect of the garlicbamboo salt mixture on gastropathy in rats in its ability to recover the level of GSH and to increase the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes (SOD. GPx. GR).

간호사의 이미지에 따른 간호전공만족도

가미정,김수미,김영경,남수진,오루미,육지수,이혜인,최미나,최혜민,허다은 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2010 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.44

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study is to examine the correlation between nursing students’ perception of nurses and the level of their satisfaction with the major. Method: The survey was done with the total number of 192 nursing students from 10 different universities in S city selected by a convenience samplingmethod. In order to measure the perception of nurses, the measurement which was invented by Lee(1992) and revised by Jang(1998) was used. Also, the measurement designed by Shim, and modified by Kim(2007) was used for measuring of the students’ satisfaction in their major. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results: 1.The most decisive factor of the conceptualization of the image of nurses for the nursing college students is their experience of meeting nurses as a patient. 2. Students reconsider the role of nurses by experiencing immediate relationships with nurses in field training. 3. Other factors of the survey such as the students’academic year, religion, the field training situation (individual experience, type of the hospital where they experienced the training, and a relationship with the nurse in charge of the training) or the existence of nurses among their family members do not affect the students’ satisfaction. 4. There is a positive correlation between the image of nurses of nursing college students and their satisfaction with the major(0.66). Conclusion: The positive image of nurses is directly related to the students’ satisfaction in the nursing major, which hugely affects on their academic achievements and decisions of career path. Therefore, there should be more efforts to increase the positive perception of nurses among nursing students.

마늘-죽염 제제가 위장 장애 유발 흰쥐의 항산화 효소활성에 미치는 영향

허근(Keun Huh),김영희(Young Hee Kim),김대경(Da Qing Jin) 大韓藥學會 2001 약학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Gallic has been known to be effective against the gastrointestinal diseases which can be induced by production of oxygen-derived free radical. It has been shown that bamboo salt is effective on the treatment and prevention of various gastrointestinal disorders. Bamboo salt is a processed salt invented by a Korean,ll-Hoon Kim. It has been reported that garlic and bamboo-salt are useful to the treatment of gastric disorders in Korea. To clarify the protective mechanism of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture, the gastropathy was induced in rats with alcohol-salicylate and the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes were examined. In this study we found that the garlic-bamboo salt mixture reduced the severity of hemouhagic lesion in gastric mucosa in the rats. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione pemxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) were signiscnatly increased and the total content of GSH was recovered. From these results, we concluded that the protective effect of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture on gastropathy in rats is its ability to recover the level of GSH and to increase the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes (SOD, GPx, GR).