Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

두부 외상 환자의 고혈당과 예후와의 상관관계

현석천,이종안,박준석,박상문,김갑득,장인성,김승열,송화식 대한응급의학회 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Severe head injury is associated with a stress response that includes hyperglycemia, which has been shown to worse outcome during cerebral ischemia. To better define the relationship between head injury and hyperglycemia, admission glucose level were analyzed in 150 head injured patients from January 1995 to December 1995. Our retrospective study demonstrated a higher glucose level in patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) score, especially at 3-5 GCS score, compared to those with high GCS scores. Also a higher glucose level was noted in patients with vegetative state and dead than in those with good recovery and moderate disability. Hyperglycemia(serum glucose level≥200mg%) was associated with decreased level of consciousness and a poor outcome. We conclude that admission hyperglycemia is a significant indicator of severity of injury(p<0.001), but not significant predictor outcome from head injury. After controlling for the influence of the GCS score, glucose levels do not have an independent effect on outcome.

C_3 및 C_7위치에 치환된 새로운 세파로스포린 化合物의 合成과 抗菌活性(Ⅰ)

황화영,하재천,김영수,고옥현,강형룡 조선대학교 약학연구소 1994 藥學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.1

The synthesis and antimicrobial activity of cephalosporin having (Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-trityloxyiminoacetamido group and 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-thiomethyl group on the C_3 and C_7 position of the cephem ring, respectively are descrived. This compound was tested for antimicrobial activity in vitro against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Mycobacterium phlei IIP-IPH, Escherichia coli KCTC 1039, Escherichia coli ESS, Klebisiella pneumoniae KCTC 1560, Salmonella typhymurium TV-119, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 13130. The antimicrobial activity of synthetic compound was better as compare with cefotaxime and cefazoline against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 & Escherichia coli KCTC ESS.

초등학교 특별보충과정 운영실태 분석 - 부산광역시 초등학교를 중심으로

전화춘,김석우 釜山大學校 敎育硏究所 2006 敎育硏究 Vol.16 No.1

지역사회에서 형성된 사회적 지지와 근로자의 사회심리적 스트레스간의 관련성

임화영,김형수,최영환,장성훈,이건세,정최경희,오원기,최재욱,정춘화 대한산업의학회 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Objective: This study was performed to examine the relationship between community-based social support and psychosocial distress in workers. Methods: The study subjects were 596 workers recruited from 11 companies in Chungju city. A structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographics, health-related behaviors, job characteristics, job stress, work-based social support, community-based social support and level of psychosocial distress. Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that workers with no chronic disease, exercise and sufficient sleep had a higher score of psychosocial distress than those with chronic disease, no exercise, and not enough sleep. Coworker's work-based social support and community-based social support were negatively associated with psychosocial distress. The R square value of total independent variables on psychosocial distress was 0.409, and that of community-based social support on psychosocial distress was 0.052. Conclusion: This study showed that community-based social support served as a protective factor against psychosocial distress in some workers. We recommend the establishment of a worksite stress reduction program in occupational level as well as community-based social support.

자궁경부 상피내 병변 환자에서 LEETZ 원추절제술 후 HPV DNA Test 추적 검사의 임상적 의의

김미향,이태화,오영림,이천준,김원규 고신대학교 의과대학 2009 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.24 No.2

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the clinical significance and timing of HPV test for follow up of patients after LEETZ treatment in CIN lesion Methods: From January 2005 to December 2008, 105 patients with CIN were treated with LLETZ at Kosin university gospel hospital, Busan, Korea. After LEETZ, HPV test and Pap smear were done after 3months. Every HPV typing was done by HPV DNA chip. Results: A total of 105 cases were enrolled in this study. There were 25 patients with CINⅠ, 38 with CINⅡ, 42 with CINⅢ. Mean age was 41.95 years (range, 23-71 years) at the time of LEETZ. Positive HPV DNA was found about 72.4% before LEETZ procedure and subtype 16 was the most common type (10.5%), follow by subtype 18 (6.6%) and subtype 58 (6.6%). During follow up after LEETZ, 65.6% had negative result after 3 month, 72.1% after 6 month, 73.9% after 9 month, 77.1% after 12 month, 79.2% after 15 month, 79.6% after 18 month, and 80.4% after 24 month. There were 2 cases of abnormal pap smear among persistent positive HPV DNA cases and no abnormal pap smear results in negative HPV DNA cases during follow up. Conclusion: Positive HPV DNA was found about 72.4% before LEETZ procedure and subtype 16 was the most common type (10.5%), follow by subtype 18 (6.6%) and subtype 58 (6.6%). We suggest that HPV DNA test is recommended per 6 Months, and close observation is recommended in persistent positive HPV DNA test cases.

일부 소방공무원의 음주와 직무스트레스와의 관련성

강경화,이강숙,김석일,맹광호,홍현숙,정춘화 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

목적 : 소방공무원의 음주량과 직종별 직무 스트레스에 대해 알아보고 보다 나은 스트레스 관리방안과 문제성 음주예방을 위한 프로그램을 모색하기 위해 시도되었다. 대상 : 2000년 7월부터 8월까지 소방공무원 중 구조대원 97명, 구급대원 97명, 화재진압대원 179명,행정대원 116명, 기타대원 49명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 수집된 자료를 분석하였다. 결과 : 소방공무원은 모든 직종에서 승진 및 임금제도의 스트레스 요인 점수가 가장 높았다. 직종별로 직무 내적 요인, 조직에서의 역할, 대인관계, 조직과 풍토, 직장환경과 스트레스 결과 점수에 있어 유의한 차이를 보였다 과음 주자인 경우 직무 내적요인, 직무 스트레스 수준, 개인적 특성, 대처방식의 점수가 높았으나 유의하지 알았다. 음주량은 직무내적 요인 중 업무 피드백과 음의 관련성을, 직무 스트레스 요인 중 역할 갈등은 음주량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 소방공무원의 가장 높은 직무 스트레스 요인으로는 승진 및 임금제도인 것으로 나타났다. 음주량은 역할 갈등과 같은 직무 스트레스 요인과 관련이 있었으며, 향후 전향적인 음주행태조사를 통해 직무 스트레스 요인이 음주에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 기초로 소방공무원의 직무 스트레스 요인에 대한 적절한 관리와 정책이 필요한 것으로 사료된다. Objectives : To establish the relationship between alcohol use and job stress among firemen, and to develop a comprehensive health promotion program including stress management and the prevention of problem drinking. Methods : Data was collected from July to August, 2000. Study subjects included 97 rescue workers, 97 emergency medical personnel, 179 fire extinguishers, 116 administrators and 49 others. Results : The firemen displayed higher scores of stress due to promotion-related pres-sures and salary. We found significant differences in job internal factors, job role, inter-personal relationship, organizational norm, work environment and stress outcome among the various jobs. Job internal factors, job stress factors, personal characteristics, coping skills, and stress outcome were higher in heavy drinkers compared with the light and moderate drinkers. Job internal factors and smoking habit showed a positive correlation with the amount of drinking, although coping skill, exercise frequency and monthly income showed a negative relation with the amount consumed. Conclusion : This study suggested that alcohol drinking is associated with job stress. This suggests that a comprehensive health promotion program including stress management and problem drinking prevention and control should be developed.

재가노인의 일상생활동작수행의 의존성과 생활만족에 관한 연구

홍춘실,김현리,이상화 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.1

This study was conducted to analyse the correlation between the ADL dependency and life satisfaction. Data were collected from the 102 home resident eldery who have no dementia by cognition test. The age distribution f subjects were 65 years and over The data were collected from January 16th to February 15th, 1997. The instruments used for this study were a survey of general characteristics(10 items), physical function(15 items), life satisfaction(20 items). The data were analysed by using an SPSS program and included percentage, t-test, ANOVA & Pearson correlation coefficient. The result of the study are summarized as follows: 1. The mean of ADL dependency score was 5..912 in a possible range of 15 to 60 when 15 indicates high dependency and 60 incicates low dependency. 2. The mean of life satisfaction score was 20.363 in a possible range of 0 to 40 when 0 indicates low life satisfaction and 50 indicates high life satisfaction. 3. The relationship between ADL dependency and life satisfaction for old people in home proved to be of statistically highly negative correlation(r=-.2553 P=.01). 5. General characteristics related to life satisfaction was educational status, household status, economic status, personality, perception of health(P<0.05). In conclusion, it was identified that ADL dependency is the important variable influencing the life satisfaction of the elderly. Therefore, more efforts are needed to decreased the ADL dependency of the elderly to enhance life satisfaction of the elderly.

대구지역 거주자의 식생활 습관과 위장질환과의 관계

오미정,김수월,양희면,현재식,허천식,이명화 한국건강관리협회 2000 건협 Report Vol.3 No.-

GIS와 RS를 이용한 생태지도 작성기법에 관한 기초연구

이기철,이원화,윤해순,남춘희,김구연,김승환,서상현 한국지리정보학회 2004 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.7 No.3

본 연구는 낙동강 하구 일대의 생태계 변화와 생태 관련자료를 GIS DB로 구축하고 생태지도를 작성하였다. 생태지도 작성을 위해 1984년 11월 21일, 1997년 5월 17일에 촬영된 공간해상도 30m의 Landsat TM 위성영상과 국립지리원에서 발행된 1:25,000 수치지형도, 부산시에서 조사한 생물현황 자료를 바탕으로 DB를 구축하였다. 생태지도를 작성하기 위해, 첫째, 낙동강 하구 생태계 조사 보고서와 현재까지 진행된 생태지도에 대한 문헌 연구, 둘째, 시계열적 토지피복분류도 제작, 셋째, 동·식물상, 수질 등 생태계 항목별 BB 구축과 3단계 방식에 의한 생태계 평가, 최종적으로는 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 생태계 관리를 위한 생태지도를 작성하였다. This study developed an ecological mapping technique with GIS database using the analyses of existing ecological survey reports and the change detection on the Nakdong river estuary. The data which are used to establish GIS DB include 2 Landsat TM images on Nov. 31, 1984 and May 17, 1997, 1:25, 000 topographical maps established by National Geography Institution and various ecological survey reports published by Busan metropolitan city government. The details for producing ecological map are as follows. At first, the current methods of ecomapping efforts and previous ecological surveys of Nakdong river estuary were carefully examined. Secondly, the land cover maps were created from the classified Landsat images of 1984 and 1997 for the spatiotemporal ecosystem analysis. Thirdly, the ecosystem was evaluated by using GIS ecological database based on the criteria of botany, zoology and water quality etc. Each criteria was reclassified into 3 stages which describe the overall quality of ecological condition. At last, the comprehensive ecological map was suggested as a prototype of ecosystem assesment and management tool with the discussion of further study. The findings of this study would be a milestone for preserving and managing the ecosystem.