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두가지 혈류 유발방법에 의한 새로운 심폐소생술(이중 혈류 유발 심폐소생술)장치의 개발
황성오,김현,조준휘,오범진,임종천,최경훈,윤정한,이승환,김영식,이강현,이윤선 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Background: There have been many efforts to augment blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. These efforts have focused on maximizing the effect of cardiac pump or thoracic pump alone. However, considering that the heart is the biggest blood reservoir and increase of intrathoracic pressure can generate blood flow, simultaneous exploitation of both mechanisms may have synergistic effect. We hypothesized that simultaneous chest constriction in addition to sternal compression by standard CPR may have additive hemodynamic effects by preventing deformation of the chest and increase of intrathoracic pressure. Methods and results: we built a new mechanical device to perform compression and thoracic constriction simultaneously. The device consists of two main elements. Piston in the center is to depress the sternum. Strap is to constrict the thorax circumferentially. Strap is attached to both sides of the piston. When the piston is pushed down, it depresses the sternum and pulls on the thoracic strap. To determine strap width to produce optimal hemodynamic effect, we measured hemodynamic parameters with variable widths of strap in two dogs after induction of ventricular fibrillation. Result of the experiment showed that 10cm wide strap was determined to be most effective. We also determined optimal depth of compression to produce maximal hemodynamic effect with animal experiments using two dogs. Animal experiments showed that the highest aortic pressure could be generated when the stemum was depressed to 5 cm. Cardiopulmonary resusciation using a new device could generate higher systolic aortic pressure, coronary perfusion pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension in comparison with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a pilot animal study using two dogs. Conclusion: New cardiopulmonary resuscitation method using a mechanical device designed by us could perform sternal compression and simultaneous thoracic constriction, and generate better hemodynamic effects than standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pilot animal experiments.
Improved IFS Coding Scheme Using Fractional Differencing Model
Choe, Yoon Sik,Kim, Yong Goo 대한전자공학회 1994 ISPACS:Intelligent Signal Processing and Communica Vol.1 No.1
In this paper, we propose an improved fractal coding scheme modeled by the Fractional Differencing Model(FDM) to save the computational time for encoding. Since the Fractional Differencing Model can be considered as the discrete version of Fractional Brownian Motion Process and its fractal parameter can be estimated by simple least mean square scheme, this estimated value which represents the scale property in Fractional Brownian Motion Process is used for encoding and to restrict the searching area for block searching, thus, the processing time can be dramatically reduced. To demonstrate the capabilities of this model, the existing algorithms are compared with our proposed scheme.
On the Estimation of Illumination Direction and Surface Orientation of Shape-from-Shading
Choe, Yoon Sik 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1994 논문집 Vol.26 No.1
To extract 3-D information from a 2-D image using Shape-From-Shading model, it is necessary to estimate the illumination direction and the surface orientations. Although much has been written against the exact estimation of these in general, this would seem to contradict the practical experience that Shape-From-Shading often works, at least qualitatively. In this paper, therefore, from a practical point of view, recent works are re-analyzed and compared. For this analysis, several important theorems are reviewed and improved, and the application of local analysis of shading to complex surface is described. The results on real data are presented discussing the limitation of each method.
Markov Random Field 모델에 관한 비교 연구
최윤식,김성이 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1995 논문집 Vol.27 No.1
In this paper the relation is considered between noncausal Gauss-Markov model and Gibbs random field. To make Gibbs distribution Gaussian, the energy function and partition function of Gibbs distribution is derived. And we introduce the algorithms such as Metropolis and Gibbs sampler to generate image of discrete Markov random fields and generalize Metropolis algorithms for Gauss-Markov model. And for noncausal Gauss-Markov model, DFT generation algorithm is introduced, too. Gauss-Markov model is compared with Gibbs Random Field through the experiment of image synthesis. The effects of model parameters are visualized.
최명애,안경애,추진아,최윤식 대한기초간호자연과학회 2002 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.4 No.2
Purpose : Women have been often underdiagnosed and undertreated when they have as high mortality as men of ischemic heart disease, such as angina. One of the reason of women's under treatment is associated with either vague, non-traditional symptoms or longer delay in seeking professional help when they experience ischemic heart disease. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of women's anginal pain induced by the treadmill test and to explore the potential relationship(s) between anginal pain and other psycho-physiologic factors. Method : Of 22 female patients referred to treadmill test, 7 with positive finding participated in this study. Anginal pain in the past was analyzed by Rose questionnaire, whereas anginal pain induced by the treadmill test was identified by McGill pain scale, visual analogue scale and present pain index. Results : Women expressed more heaviness than sharp pain, and complained splitting more often than subjects in previous study that included both men and women. Pain intensity by VAS 3.64±3.94, Pain rating index was 5.14±7.29, present pain index was 1.57±1.81, duration of pain was 5.14±4.8 min. Exercise intensity was 6.0±4.63 METs, exercise duration was 364.29±141.39 sec, ST change was -2.0mm and rate of perceived exertion was 16.29±2.06. The relationships between pain intensity and pain duration, ST segment changes were significant. Correlation among pain measures was significant. Conclusion : Generalization of these pilot findings may be inappropriate, and therefore, further larger study is needed.
이형협심증(Variant Angina)에 의한 급성심장사(Sudden Cardiac Death) 환자의 성공적인 소생
윤정한,황성오,안무업,임경수,박금수,김영식,최경훈 대한응급의학회 1992 대한응급의학회지 Vol.3 No.2
In our contry, prehospital cardiac arrest means death because layman can not perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) and there is no emergency medical technician and transport system for treating victims with prehospital cardiac arrest. And many of physicians usually do not try to perform CPR because they used to treat victims with prehospital cardiac arrest as the dead, so-called “death on arrival(DOA)”. Recently, we experienced a 52 year-old mean who sustained from prehospital cardiac arrest induced presumably by variant angina initiated about 20 minutes before hospital arrival. On hospital arrival, he had a fine ventricular fibrillation, but spontaneous circulation was restored (ROSC) at 14 minutes after CPR strated. At 2 hours after ROSC, marked elevation of ST segment appeared and shortly, complete AV block developed. After sublingual and intravenous administration of nitroglycerin, ECG changes disappeared. Diffuse spasm of coronary artery with ST segment elevation was documented during coronary angiogram which showed no atherosclerotic change of coronary artery. He recovered good neurologic function (cerebral performance categories 1) and discharged on his foot.
김영식,황성오,최경훈,안무업,오중환,임경수,윤정환,강성준 大韓應急醫學會 1992 대한응급의학회지 Vol.3 No.1
To evaluate the physiologic extent of pulmonary contusion and effect of PEEP therapy for pulmonary contusion, we studied 16 patients received PEEP therapy with pulmonary contusion from nonpenetrating chest trauma. Hemodynamic parameters including pulmonary vascular resistance index and intrapulmonary shunt fraction were calculated from standard measurement, and arterial oxygen tension was measured. Pulmonary vascular resistance index and intrapulmonary shunt fraction were increased in patient group. Arterial oxygen tension was decreased with increase of the intrapulmonary shunt fraction(R=0.75). Arter minimal PEEP therap(5-10 ㎝H₂O), pulmonary vascular resistance index was remained unchanged and intrapulmonary shunt fraction was decreased without significant changes of pulmonary hemodynamics. Increment of arterial tension was increased with decrease of intrapulmonary shunt fraction(R=0.43). Decreased stroke volume index suggested of cardiac injury such as cardiac contusion in patient group. These results of our study suggested that increased intrapulmonary shunt fraction caused arterial hypoxia in pulmonary contusion and arterial oxygen tension was increased as a result of reduced intrapulmonary shunt by PEEP therapy.