무증상 갑상선기능저하증 환자에서 Thyroxine 치료에 따른 혈청 지질 및 아포지단백의 변화

조보연,신찬수,김원배,고창순,김성연,박혜영,박건상,이홍규,박형규,김숙경 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.1

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) is a common biochemical abnormality which can be found in routine screening tests of thyroid function. We are increasingly faced with the question of whether its an indication for thyroxine replacement therapy. The effect of thyroxine replacement on lipid profile in SCH has aroused a great interest because of an association of overt hypothyroidism(OVH) with hyperlipidemia and increased risk of coronary artery disease. Method: We prospectively evaluated the changes in lipids and apoproteins before and after thyroxine replacement therapy in 23 patients with SCH and in 37 patients with OVH. We measured serum total cholesterol and triglyceride using autoanalyzer, high density lipoprotein(HDL) chole-sterol by dextran sulfate method, Apo A1 and Apo B by immunonephelometric assay. Results: Thyroxine replacement therapy significantly decreased total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol and apo B levels, but did not affect the level of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol or apo AI in patients with OVH. In SCH, thyroxine replacement therapy with the doses to normalize serum TSH concentrations also decreased significantly the level of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol albeit apo B levels did not change. Moreover, in most of patients with OVH (11 of 12) and in all of patients with SCH(5 of 5) who had had hyperchlesterolemia before treatment, thyroxine replament normalized their cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: In regard to the beneficial changes in blood lipid levels, patients with SCH should be treated, especially in cases who have other risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. If thyroxine replacement only will reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease in SCH remains to be elucidated by long-term prospective studies(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:41-51, 1996).

Sarcoidosis Presenting with Multiple Lung Parenchymal Nodules

Hyung-Jun Kim,Jimyung Park,Jee Min Kim,Ye Jin Lee,Hye-Rin Kang,Chang-Hoon Lee 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2016 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.39 No.2

Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ disease with various clinical manifestations. The lung is the most common site of manifestation; however, unusual findings may delay the correct diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Here we report a case of 32-year-old man with 4-month history of neck mass. Radiological findings revealed multiple pulmonary parenchymal nodules, with initial biopsy results of his neck lymph node showing chronic granuloma with focal necrosis. The patient was treated with anti-tuberculosis medications, but the size of the nodules did not change. Biopsy was performed from one of his pulmonary nodules, which revealed chronic granuloma without necrosis. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with sarcoidosis. We present a case of sarcoidosis with multiple lung parenchymal nodules that is uncommon in Korea, with an aim to alert physicians of such unusual presentations.

A Comparison Between Stroke Patients Admitted to Oriental Hospital in the Years 1987 and 1994

Lee Kyung-sup,Cho, Ki-ho,Kim, Young-suk,Ko, Chang-nam,Moon Sang-kwan,Bae Hyung-sup INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE KYUNG-HEE UNIVERSIT 1998 JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE Vol.3 No.1

The characteristics of stroke slightly vary as time changes. To compare the characteristics of stroke between the 1980s and 1990s we investigated the clinical records of stroke patients in 1987 and 1994. The subjects of this study consisted of the 1971 patients who were admitted as stroke patients to the Kyunghee University Oriental Medicine Hospital during these two years. There were 1092 stroke patients admitted from May, 1987 to April, 1988 and 879 stroke patients admitted between May, 1994 and April, 1995. The results were as follows. The frequency of cerebral infarction was 77.9% in 1987 and 79.9% in 1994. The male to female ratio of stroke patients was 1.4:1 in 1987 and 1.6:1 in 1994. The occurrence rate of stroke in both 1987 and 1994 were highest in patients in their 60s, followed by those in their 50s, 70s and older, in their 40s, and finally their 30s and below. We especially found that the rate of patients in their 70s and over increased from 17.8% in 1987 to 25.3% in 1994, which was remarkable in cerebral infarction patients. The most common disease preceding a stroke was hypertension, followed by heart disease and diabetes in 1987, and in 1994 hypertension was the most common, followed by diabetes and heart disease. The rate of recurrence among cerebral hemorrhage, that was 12% in 1987 and 24.7% in 1994. The most frequent complications of stroke in 1987 and 1994 were pneumonia and urinary tract infection, respectively. The prescriptions used most frequently during admission were Chungpaesagan-tang followed by Sunghyangjungki-san, Yangyeksanhwa-tang etc. in both 1987 and 1994. When patients were getting better, prescriptions for invigorating Qi and enriching the blood(補氣血) were used more frequently. In conclusion, the most remarkable change of stroke patients from 1987 to 1994 was an increase in occupancy rate of aged patients, especially those in their 70s and older. So we suggest that more research are needed on the stroke of aged man, along with many other subjects on stroke.

만성 신부전증 환자의 중중 고혈당에 따른 의식 변화 결정에 대한 연구

위형중,이창범,박성광,강성귀,임천규,박은주,윤경택,한상웅,안유헌,김호중· 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.6

기관내 삽관을 위한 Atracurium 의 적정량에 대한 임상적 고찰

이혜원,신정순,장성호,임혜자,김종욱,정형근 대한마취과학회 1990 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.23 No.6

The usefulness of a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant for endotracheal intubation is limited by its relatively slow onset of neuromuscular block compared to that achieved with succinylcholine. Several attempts have been made to produce a more rapid onset of muscle relaxation for endotracheal intubation. A large dose of nondepoarizing muscle relaxant may produce rapid onset but cauae undesirable side effects and a prolonged duration of neuromuscular block. The authors observed the degree of vocal cord relaxation and intubation condition 2 minutes after administration of atracurium and measured changes in mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate at the time of arrival in the operating room, just before abministration of atracurium, 2minutes after administration, and 5mins after intubation. The 40 of patients in this observation were divided into four groups. Group 1; 10patients, received 0.3 mg/kg of atracurium Group 2; 10patients, received 0.4 mg/kg of atracurium Group 3; 10patients, received 0.5 mg/kg of atracurium Group 4; 10patients, received 0.6 mg/kg of atracurium The results were as follows; 1) There were better intubating conditions in Group 3 and 4 than in Group 1 and 2(p$lt;0.001). 2) Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate did not change significantly after administration of atracurium in all four groups. From the above results we conclude that 0.5~0.6 mg/kg of atracurium provides satisfactory intubation condition 2 minutes after administration without hemodynamic changes.

Microspheres: Synthesis of Monodispersed Microspheres from Laplace Pressure Induced Droplets in Micromolds (Adv. Mater. 37/2012)

Choi, Chang‐,Hyung,Jeong, Jae‐,Min,Kang, Sung‐,Min,Lee, Chang‐,Soo,Lee, Jinkee WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.37

<P>A novel synthesis method for microspheres using micromolds based on the Laplace pressure difference is presented by Jinkee Lee, Chang‐Soo Lee, and co‐workers on page 5078. This simple micromolding technique makes it possible to synthesize highly monodispersed microspheres with the flexibility of various reaction schemes, such as photopolymerization, sol‐gel reactions, and colloidal assembly. This method is promising for the mass production of various sizes of monodispersed microspheres without the need for complicated control of fluids. </P>

약물 중독 시 위 세척에 의한 산 - 염기 평형 및 전해질의 변화

윤형란(Hyung Ran Yun),손동현(Dong Hyun Sohn),이창범(Chang Bum Lee),이재웅(Jae Woong Lee),양석철(Suck Chul Yang),한동수(Dong Soo Han),손주현(Ju Hyun Sohn),김순길(Soon Kil Kim),김호중(Ho Jung Kim) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.4

N/A Objectives: There is little information on the imbalance of electrolyte and acid-base metabolism associated with gastric lavage in acute drug intoxication patients. This study was aimed to analyze the acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities associated with gastric lavage in acute drug intoxication patients. Methods: We studied 24 acute drug intoxication patients who had performed gastric lavage with 10 liters of 0.9% NaC1. Electrolyte parameters and arterial blood gas analysis were carried out before and after gastric lavage. Results: After gastric lavage, acidosis was reduced in general. But there was no significant change in pH (7.34±0.02 vs. 7.38±0.15, p=NS). In acid-base balance, the mixed form of metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis was reduced from 7 to 2 cases, and the simple form of respiratory acidosis was reduced from 3 to 1 case. In contrast, normal form was increased from 5 to 7 cases and the simple form of metabolic acidosis was increased from 2 to 6 cases. In electrolyte parameters, serum sodium was reduced significantly (145±1.0 mEq/L vs. 141±0.8 mEq/L, p<0.01), but there was no case of significant hyponatremia (<135mEq/L). Bicarbonate level (20±1.1 mEq/L vs. 22±0.9 mEq/L, p< 0.05) and anion gap (19±1.6 mB vs. 13±1.3 mEq/L, p< 0.01) showed significant change. But, blood levels of potassium (3.6±0.1 mEq/L vs. 3.8±0.1 mEq/L, p=NS), chloride (106±0.6 mEq/L vs. 106±0.6 mEq/L, p=NS) and F'aCO2 (36±1.mmHg vs. 37±1.5 mmHg, p=NS) were no significant change before and after gastric lavage. Conclusions: Gastric lavage with 10 liters of 0.9% NaC1 in acute drug intoxication patients did not show clinically significant changes in electrolytes and acid-base balance.

틸팅 차량용 추진시스템의 재점착 제어방법에 관한 연구

이창희(Lee Chang-Hee),김형철(Kim Hyung-Cheol),이은규(Lee Eun-Kyu) 한국철도학회 2005 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this paper, a re-adhesion control scheme is proposed for 1C2M propulsion system of TTX. The possibility of slip between wheel and rail in railway system is increasing because of the tendency of high speed and a climatic change. This slip results in the decrease of adhesive effort between this wheel and rail, so the control strategy of traction effort which can reduce the speed promptly and make most use of the maximum adhesive force is absolutely necessary. This paper describes the modeling of the TTX system, and this system is verified by the simulation.

적응빔 형성을 이용한 다중경로 환경 내 저고도 해상표적의 고각 추적 정확도 향상

이창현(Chang-Hyun Lee),전상미(Sang-Mi Chon),박종국(Jongkuk Park),나형기(Hyung-Ki Na),김상현(Sang-Hyun Kim) 한국전자파학회 2021 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.32 No.2

본 논문에서는 다중경로 환경에서 적응빔 형성 기법을 이용한 저고도 해상표적의 추적 정확도 향상 방법에 대해 제안하고, 이를 아날로그 빔 형성 능동위상배열(AESA: active electronically scanned array) 레이다 환경에 적용하여, 제안 방법이 반복 없는 적은 연산으로 비교적 높은 정확도의 표적 고각을 산출할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 제안 방법은 모노펄스(monopulse) 기울기 제어를 위한 기존의 적응빔 형성 제한조건에 부엽 제어 조건을 추가하고, 고각 변화 정도가 작은 저고도 해상표적의 특징을 활용하여 추적 정확도를 개선하였다. 또한 추적 정확도 향상을 위해 다양한 적응빔 형성 기법을 적용해 보고, 그 결과를 비교분석하였다. A method to improve the tracking accuracy of low-altitude sea targets is proposed using an adaptive beamforming algorithm in a multipath environment. It is confirmed that the target elevation can be estimated with relatively high accuracy without repetitive calculation using the proposed method in analog beamforming active electronically scanned array radar. The proposed method improves the tracking accuracy by adding a side-lobe suppression condition to the existing adaptive beamforming constraint for monopulse inclination control while accounting for the characteristics of the low-altitude sea target with less elevation change. In addition, various adaptive beamforming algorithms were applied to the proposed method, and the results were compared and analyzed to optimize tracking accuracy.

흰쥐에서 반복적 스트레스가 GABA성 신경전달에 미치는 영향

김창수,이종범,성형모,시현석,김진성,박형배,정성덕,하정희 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.1

연구목적 : 일반적으로 생체는 각종 스트레스에 반응하여 적응(adaptation) 기전이 나타난다. 이러한 적응 기전과 관련하여 포유동물의 중요한 억제성 신경전달계인 GABA성 신경전달계의 스트레스성 자극에 대한 반응양상에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 신경전달의 변화양상은 부하된 스트레스의 종류 및 기간에 따라 다양하게 나타나므로 더욱 상세한 연구를 필요로 한다. 방 법 : 본 연구에서는 하루 2시간의 부동화 스트레스를 반복적으로 2주간 부하한 흰쥐의 뇌조직에서 GABA성 신경전달의 변화 양상을 관찰하고자 하였다. 수용체 결합반응을 통하여 GABA 수용체의 각 component별 배위자들의 각 수용체에 대한 결합 반응의 변화 양상을 정상 대조군와 비교하여 보고, 유의한 변화가 있는 부분의 상세한 검정을 위하여 포화결합반응을 통하여 친화력(Kd) 및 최대결합력(Bmax)에서의 변화양상을 검색하였다. 뿐만 아니라 GABA성 신경전달에 관여하는 중요한 신경전달체인 내인성 GABA의 함량과 대사효소인 GABA transaminase의 활성도의 변화양상도 검색하였다. 결 과 : 연구결과 반복적인 부동화 스트레스는 GABA 수용체 효현제인 [³H]muscimol의 흰쥐 뇌조직 GABA 수용체에 대한 결합도에는 별다른 영향을 미치지 않았다. 대뇌피질조직의 GABA 대사효소인 GABA transaminase 활성도를 감소시켰으나, 피질조직외의 다른 조직의 GABA transaminase 활성도나 내인성 GABA의 농도에는 별다른 영향을 미치지 않았다. 반복적인 부동화 스트레스를 부하한 흰쥐의 대뇌피질, 해마 및 시상하부 조직에서는 [³H]flunitrazepam의 수용체 결합도가 감소하였으며, 포화결합 반응결과 수용체의 수가 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과를 요약하면, 흰쥐에게 부하한 반복적인 부동화 스트레스는 뇌조직의 benzodiazepine 수용체의 수를 감소시킴으로써 GABA성 신경전달을 감소시키며, 이러한 GABA성 신경전달계의 변환은 생체에서 스트레스로 인한 행동장애의 한 기전이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. Objectives : Changes of GABAergic neurotransmission in response to the application of different types of environmental stress have been the subject of research for over two decades. However, the nature of the changes induced by stress appear to show a dependent phenomena on the type and duration of stressor agent employed. Methods : For this reason, this study was performed to observe the effects of repeated stress on the radioligands binding to GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors of discrete brain regions. The author also examined the activity of GABA transaminase and the concentration of endogenous GABA. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 150-200g were forced to suffer an immobilization stress for 2 hours during 14 consecutive days. Results : Repeated immobilization stress decreased the binding of [3H]flunitrazepam on the benzodiazepine receptor in the cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus. Saturation experiments followed by scatchard analyses of the results showed decreased density of benzodiazepine receptor and the affinity remained unchanged. Repeated immobilization stress did not affect the binding of [3H]muscimol on the GABAA receptor, the activity of GABA transaminase, and the concentration of endogenous GABA in the brain regions. Conclusions : From these results, it can be concluded that repeated immobilization stress modulated GABAergic neurotransmission via downregulation of the benzodiazepine receptor in the brain.