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Proposed Protocols for Artificial Intelligence Imaging Database in Acute Stroke Imaging
Kim Minjae,정승채,Kim Soo Chin,Kim Bum Joon,서우근,Kim Byungjun 대한신경중재치료의학회 2023 Neurointervention Vol.18 No.3
Purpose: To propose standardized and feasible imaging protocols for constructing artificial intelligence (AI) database in acute stroke by assessing the current practice at tertiary hospitals in South Korea and reviewing evolving AI models.Materials and Methods: A nationwide survey on acute stroke imaging protocols was conducted using an electronic questionnaire sent to 43 registered tertiary hospitals between April and May 2021. Imaging protocols for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in the early and late time windows and during follow-up were assessed. Clinical applications of AI techniques in stroke imaging and required sequences for developing AI models were reviewed. Standardized and feasible imaging protocols for data curation in acute stroke were proposed.Results: There was considerable heterogeneity in the imaging protocols for EVT candidates in the early and late time windows and posterior circulation stroke. Computed tomography (CT)-based protocols were adopted by 70% (30/43), and acquisition of noncontrast CT, CT angiography and CT perfusion in a single session was most commonly performed (47%, 14/30) with the preference of multiphase (70%, 21/30) over single phase CT angiography. More hospitals performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based protocols or additional MRI sequences in a late time window and posterior circulation stroke. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) were most commonly performed MRI sequences with considerable variation in performing other MRI sequences. AI models for diagnostic purposes required noncontrast CT, CT angiography and DWI while FLAIR, dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion, and T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) were additionally required for prognostic AI models.Conclusion: Given considerable heterogeneity in acute stroke imaging protocols at tertiary hospitals in South Korea, standardized and feasible imaging protocols are required for constructing AI database in acute stroke. The essential sequences may be noncontrast CT, DWI, CT/MR angiography and CT/MR perfusion while FLAIR and T1WI may be additionally required.
Baek Jang-Hyun,Kim Byung Moon,Suh Sang Hyun,Jeon Hong-Jun,Ihm Eun Hyun,Park Hyungjong,Kim Chang-Hyun,Cha Sang-Hoon,Choi Chi-Hoon,Yi Kyung Sik,Kim Jun-Hwee,Suh Sangil,Kim Byungjun,Chang Yoonkyung,Kim S 대한영상의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.24 No.2
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EmboTrap II in terms of first-pass recanalization and to determine whether it could yield favorable outcomes. Materials and Methods: In this multicenter, prospective study, we consecutively enrolled patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy using EmboTrap II as a front-line device. The primary outcome was the first pass effect (FPE) rate defined by modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grade 2c or 3 by the first pass of EmboTrap II. In addition, modified FPE (mFPE; mTICI grade 2b–3 by the first pass of EmboTrap II), successful recanalization (final mTICI grade 2b–3), and clinical outcomes were assessed. We also analyzed the effect of FPE on a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–2 at 3 months. Results: Two hundred-ten patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 73.3 ± 11.4 years; male, 55.7%) were included. Ninetynine patients (47.1%) had FPE, and mFPE was achieved in 150 (71.4%) patients. Successful recanalization was achieved in 191 (91.0%) patients. Among them, 164 (85.9%) patients underwent successful recanalization by exclusively using EmboTrap II. The time from groin puncture to FPE was 25.0 minutes (interquartile range, 17.0–35.0 minutes). Procedure-related complications were observed in seven (3.3%) patients. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage developed in 14 (6.7%) patients. One hundred twenty-three (58.9% of 209 completely followed) patients had an mRS score of 0–2. Sixteen (7.7% of 209) patients died during the follow-up period. Patients who had successful recanalization with FPE were four times more likely to have an mRS score of 0–2 than those who had successful recanalization without FPE (adjusted odds ratio, 4.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.59–10.8; p = 0.004). Conclusion: Mechanical thrombectomy using the front-line EmboTrap II is effective and safe. In particular, FPE rates were high. Achieving FPE was important for an mRS score of 0–2, even in patients with successful recanalization.
Graphene Quantum Dot Layers with Energy-Down-Shift Effect on Crystalline-Silicon Solar Cells
Lee, Kyung D.,Park, Myung J.,Kim, Do-Yeon,Kim, Soo M.,Kang, Byungjun,Kim, Seongtak,Kim, Hyunho,Lee, Hae-Seok,Kang, Yoonmook,Yoon, Sam S.,Hong, Byung H.,Kim, Donghwan American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.34
<P>Graphene quantum dot (GQD) layers were deposited as an energy-down-shift layer on crystalline-silicon solar cell surfaces by kinetic spraying of GQD suspensions. A supersonic air jet was used to accelerate the GQDs onto the surfaces. Here, we report the coating results on a silicon substrate and the GQDs’ application as an energy-down-shift layer in crystalline-silicon solar cells, which enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE). GQD layers deposited at nozzle scan speeds of 40, 30, 20, and 10 mm/s were evaluated after they were used to fabricate crystalline-silicon solar cells; the results indicate that GQDs play an important role in increasing the optical absorptivity of the cells. The short-circuit current density was enhanced by about 2.94% (0.9 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) at 30 mm/s. Compared to a reference device without a GQD energy-down-shift layer, the PCE of p-type silicon solar cells was improved by 2.7% (0.4 percentage points).</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-34/acsami.5b03672/production/images/medium/am-2015-03672b_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b03672'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
A 1.03MOPS/W Lattice-based Post-quantum Cryptography Processor for IoT Devices
ByungJun Kim,Han-Gyeol Mun,Shinwoong Kim,JongMin Lee,Jae-Yoon Sim 대한전자공학회 2024 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.24 No.1
This work introduces a configurable lattice-based post-quantum cryptography processor designed specifically for lightweight IoT devices. It accelerates the computation of Key-Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM) and Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) based on module learning with errors algorithm (MLWE). In order to minimize both hardware cost and energy consumption, the processor incorporates a Barrett reduction algorithm method for efficient number-theoretic transform calculations and implements real-time processing for polynomial sampling. The chip is fabricated on a 28 nm CMOS technology process. It achieves the state-of-the-art power efficiencies and latency in MLWE-based PQC.
3D tissue formation by stacking detachable cell sheets formed on nanofiber mesh
Kim, Min Sung,Lee, Byungjun,Kim, Hong Nam,Bang, Seokyoung,Yang, Hee Seok,Kang, Seong Min,Suh, Kahp-Yang,Park, Suk-Hee,Jeon, Noo Li IOP Publishing 2017 Biofabrication Vol.9 No.1
<P>We present a novel approach for assembling 3D tissue by layer-by-layer stacking of cell sheets formed on aligned nanofiber mesh. A rigid frame was used to repeatedly collect aligned electrospun PCL (polycaprolactone) nanofiber to form a mesh structure with average distance between fibers 6.4 mm. When human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), human foreskin dermal fibroblasts, and skeletal muscle cells (C2C12) were cultured on the nanofiber mesh, they formed confluent monolayers and could be handled as continuous cell sheets with areas 3. x. 3 cm(2) or larger. Thicker 3D tissues have been formed by stacking multiple cell sheets collected on frames that can be nested (i.e. Matryoshka dolls) without any special tools. When cultured on the nanofiber mesh, skeletal muscle, C2C12 cells oriented along the direction of the nanofibers and differentiated into uniaxially aligned multinucleated myotube. Myotube cell sheets were stacked (upto 3 layers) in alternating or aligned directions to form thicker tissue with similar to 50 mu m thickness. Sandwiching HUVEC cell sheets with two dermal fibroblast cell sheets resulted in vascularized 3D tissue. HUVECs formed extensive networks and expressed CD31, a marker of endothelial cells. Cell sheets formed on nanofiber mesh have a number of advantages, including manipulation and stacking of multiple cell sheets for constructing 3D tissue and may find applications in a variety of tissue engineering applications.</P>