소규모사업장 용접근로자들의 소음·용접흄·망간 노출에 관한 연구

김동구,문덕환,이채관,박명희,함성애,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : This study was conducted for the purpose of investigating the level exposure of welders to noise, welding fume and Manganese(Mn) related to this process. Methods and Material : All subjects in this study were welders engaged in CO2 arc and coated arc welding process especially in small-scale enterprises classified by type of manufacture of ship building, repairing and of other fabricated metal products, which is located in Gimhae and Milyang of Kyeongsang province in south Korea. Air sampling of welding fume was measured, shipped and analyzed on the basis of national institute for occupational safety and health(NIOSH) method in U.S. and work environment measurement method established in south Korea. To measure Noise in the work environment, Noise dosimeter was used on the basis of work environment measurement method established in south Korea. Result : This study was performed during a period from January, 2000 to December, 2001 and Results were as follows: 1. Noise level measured in this work environment was higher than national criteria for permissible exposure limit on health examinations related to hearing loss. 2. The concentration of welding fume and Mn in manufacture of ship building and repairing was higher than those in manufacture of other fabricated metal products. 3. In conditions of existing in ventilation system installed and operated, the concentration of welding fume and Mn was slightly lower than those of not existing. 4. In conditions of existing in sufficient air supply from out door into the work place relied on natural exhaust system, the concentration of welding fume and Mn was slightly lower than those of in not sufficient. 5. In all subjects, a rate of wearing ear plug and respiratory mask for dust and fume was lower than that of not wearing. Conclusion : According to above results, this study suggests that more positive work environment managements such as the use of portable local ventilation system, the supply of highly qualified personal protective equipment, and consecutive education and training related to health protection should be need to acquire suitable health protection program for welders engaged in small-scale enterprises in Korea.

퍼머제의 중금속 농도에 관한 연구

윤복연,문덕환,박명희,황용식,함성애,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on heavy metal concentration in hair permanents agents and to prevent the health impairment due to heavy metal. Methods and Material : The author determined of 5 heavy metals(Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cu) concentration hair permanent agents in the market with flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results : The results were as follows: 1. The geometic mean concentrations of total subjects were 0.04㎍/g for Pb, 0.09㎍/g for Cr, 0.06㎍/g for Mn, 0.03㎍/g for Ni, and 0.04㎍/g for Cu. 2. The most highest mean concentrations of heavy metals in hair permanent agents by using type were Cr for wave agent and straight cream agent, Cu for setting iron agent, Cr and Cu for coating perm agent. 3. Metal most hlghest mean concentrations of heavy in hair permanent agents by type of color was green for Cu. 4. The mean concentration of Cu among 5 heavy metals in hair permanent agents by marker was most highest. 5. There was most statistically significant difference on mean concentration in hair permanent agents between domestic and foreign products. 6. The exposure amount of heavy metal concentration by one time using the permanent agent were 4.O㎍ for Pb, 9.O㎍ for Cr, 6.0㎍ for Mn, 3.O㎍ for Ni and 4.0㎍ for Cu. Conclusion : As above results author suggest to prepare the preventive program of health impairment due to heavy metal by long term chronic exposure to who were using the hair permanent agents hair designer and customers.

지난 2년간의 학회지 "신경정신의학" 심사 평가보고

김찬형,김세주,김도관,김성곤,박원명,송동호,박용천,이영문,오강섭,정영철,이상열,김주한,이동영,이헌정,함병주,김율리,김문두,김정진,이강욱,천근아,김재진,홍진표,홍승철 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6

Hymodynamic Management for Cardiac Transplantation

Byung Moon Ham Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine 1997 Acute and Critical Care Vol.12 No.2

No abstract available.

전신 마취시 호기말 이산화탄소분압과 동맥혈 이산화탄소분압과의 관계

함병문 대한마취과학회 1988 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.21 No.1

The relationship between end-tidal carbon dioxide tension(PECO2) as measured by infrared analysis(Datascope Accucap, U.S.A.) and arterial carbon dioxide tension(PaCO2) during general anesthesia was systemically examined in fifty relatively healthy patients(ASA class 1). Body temperature was measured to determine the variation in PaCO2 minus PECO2. The results were as follows: 1) The mean PEzCO2 was 26.2±0.7 torr. 2) The mean PaCO2 was 31.6±0.8 torr. 3) The average of PaCO2 minus PECO2 was 5.1±0.6 torr. 4) PaCO2 was directly related to PECO2. An equation was obtained by simple regression analysis to predict PaCO2. PaCO2=0.899. PECO2+7.57(r=0.715; P$lt;O.01) 5) Body temperature (between 34.3°C and 37.9°C) was not related to PaCO2 minus PECO2 (r=0.1). I thought that measurement of PECO2 is very simple and a guideline of ventilation of the patients in anesthesia and ICU.

VIA 1-01 을 이용한 Bedside Electrolyte Monitoring

함병문,최익현 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.1

In case of cardiopulmonary bypass, organ transplantation and massive transfusion, the electrolyte(Na^+, K^+, Ca^(++)) and pH are very changeable, and it is very important to correct the pH and electrolyte immediately. We studied the bedside electrolyte monitoring with VIA(Vascular Intermittent Access) 1-01 and its accuracy validation. We selected 13 patients who went an open heart surgery in the Seoul National University HospitaL The patient was catheterized with 16 G triple lumen catheter into the SVC-right atrium junction via right internal jugular vein. Then we connected VIA 1-01 to one lumen. The electrolyte samplings were done during perianesthetic period. The electrolyte values(Na^+, K^+, ionized Ca^(++)) of each sample was measured by laboratory, NOVA of PAR(postanesthetic recovery room) and VIA 1-01. We compared the values with correlation. The Pearson product-moment coefficient(r) of laboratory vs VIA 1-01 are 0.9073(Na^+), 0.9471(K^+) 0.6485(Ca^(++)). The r of NOVA vs VIA 1-01 are 0.6348(Na^+), 0.9330 (K^+), 0.5206(Ca^(++)). The r of laboratory vs NOVA are 0.6719(Na^+), 0.9532(K^+ ), 0.8221(Ca^+). All pvalues of r were lower than 0.01. We conclude that bedside electrolyte monitoring with VIA l- 01 is very useful to critically ill-patient and major operations during anesthesia and it improves the prognosis of such patients.

가토의 유리폐에서 체온의 변화가 저산소성 폐혈관 수축에 미치는 영향

함병문,정일영 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.37 No.6

Background : We studied the effects of body temperature changes and repeated hypoxic stimulation on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). Methods : We isolated lungs from 15 rabbits and perfused them at a constant flow of 30 ml/kg/min with a 3% albumin-physiologic salt solution containing autologous blood. After a 30-minute stabilization, the temperature of the perfusate was changed from 38oC to 32oC gradually. The lungs were ventilated for 15 minutes with a hyperoxic gas mixture consisting of 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide and then for 5 minutes with a hypoxic gas mixture consisting of 3% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide with the balance being nitrogen. We repeated the hypoxic stimulation 3 times at the same temperature. The mean pulmonary artery pressure changes and ventilation-related parameters were measured at each hypoxic stimulation. Results : With the first hypoxic stimulation, the hypoxic pressure response at the end of the 5-minute hypoxic period decreased significantly at 32oC. With the second and the third hypoxic stimulations, the hypoxic pressure responses at the end of the 5-minute hypoxic period decreased significantly at both 34oC and 36oC. With repeated hypoxic stimulations, the hypoxic pressure responses potentiated significantly at all temperatures. The baseline mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly below 34oC. Conclusions : The HPV decreased with the reduction in body temperature and was potentiated by repeated intermittent hypoxia; also, the pulmonary vascular resistance increased with the reduction in the body temperature. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 37: 1117∼1124)

정상인에서 Nalbuphine Hydrochloride 정주가 이산화탄소 반응곡선에 미치는 영향

함병문,염광원,백희정 대한마취과학회 1991 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.24 No.3

Nalbuphine, a recently introduced agonist-antagonist analgesic is considered to have analgesic potency similar to morphine in common clinical doses and has been reported to possess an ceiling effect on respiratory depression and to be effective in reversing respiratory depression induced by oxymorphone or hydromorphone. To evaluate the respiratory depression of nalbuphine hydrochloride, we use displacement of CO₂ response by a rebreathing method as the index of respiratory depression. Eight healthy male subjects were given the nalbuphine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg(nalbuphine group) or same volume of normal saline as a placebo(placebo group) intravenously, at interval of 2 weeks by a double blind test. We measured end-tidal PCO₂(P_(ET)CO₂), minute ventilation (V_E), tidal volume(V_T), and respiratyory frequency(f) at 10 min, 30 min, 60 min and 90 min after the injection. The linear regression equations of V_E in response to PCO₂ 10 min, 30 min, 60 min and 90 min after injection are y=-11.3+0.34x(R=0.66), y=-11.5+0.3x(R=0.53), y=-9.85+0.33x(R =0.61) and y=-11.8+0.37x(R=0.67) in placebo group and y=-11.1+0.30x(R=0.54), y= 13.1+0.35x(R=0.64), y=-11.3+0.33x(R=0.66) and y=-13.4+0.37x(R=0.63) in nalbuphine group. There were no significant differences in the slope of the CO₂ response curves between placebo group and nalbuphine group. But there were rightward displacements of the CO₂ response curves, which were significant rightward displacements at 60 min and 90 min after the injection(P$lt;0.05). These findings demonstrate that nalbuphine hydrochloride might be a respiratory depressant.

수술중 1-5 unit의 성분수혈이 환자의 혈색소, 헤마토크럴치, 전해질 및 동맥혈가스 분석에 미치는 영향

함병문,오영철 大韓血液學會 1991 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

Reliability Verification of Hermetic Package With Nanoliter Cavity for RF-Micro Device

Byung-Gil Jeong,Suk-Jin Ham,Chang-Youl Moon,Byung-Sung Kim IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ADVANCED PACKAGING Vol.33 No.1

<P>With the advance of high-performance and small-size microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices, wafer-level packaging has gained increased attention over the past few years. Most MEMS packages must protect the often-fragile mechanical structures against the environment and provide the interface for the interaction with the next level in the packaging hierarchy. It is obvious that stable performance and high reliability are essential requirements of a packaged device. In this paper, a novel hermetic package, called the WL-¿P, recently developed for radio-frequency (RF)-filter and RF-duplexer, will be reviewed in terms of its construction, fabrication process, and electrical/mechanical performance. The package consists of a device wafer for a MEMS device and a cap wafer that has a micromachined cavity and through-wafer vias for electrical connections. The cap and device wafers are bonded to each other through a closed square loop of gold/tin eutectic solder at the peripheral edge. The via-in-cavity structure is designed in the cap substrate, with vertical via holes fabricated and fully electroplated with copper. The detailed design and fabrication technology of this new type of hermetically sealed package are presented with process flow. The performance evaluation and reliability results of a hermetic package will also be presented. The developed wafer-level hermetic package technology is able to fulfill today's requirements for hermetic and cost-effective packaging of high-speed RF-MEMS applications.</P>