http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
State Indicator of Water Quality for Surface Water and Groundwater in Agriculture
Kim, Min-Kyeong,Jung, Goo-Bok,Ro, An-Sung,Choi, Seung-Chul,Choi, Won-Il,Kim, Eun-Jeong,Lee, Jong-Eun,Yun, Yeo-Uk,Kim, Kab-Cheol,Ko, Do-Young,Kim, Byeong-Ho,Kim, Hyeon-Ji,Park, Sang-Jo,Lee, Seong-Tae,H 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.5
Indicators of environmental conditions qualitatively and quantitatively describe the state of the environment and natural resources, and the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) has initiated and suggested AEIs (Agri-Environmental Indicators) to assess trends over time of the effects of agriculture on the environment and the effectiveness and efficiency of agricultural and environmental policy measures since 1990's. This study aims to develop the state indicators of water quality for agricultural water, surface and groundwater, to evaluate the environmental impacts of agricultural activities and policies by qualifying the environmental levels of a nation. Status indicators were calculated according to the agricultural water quality standards of OECD and Korea, and their trends were analyzed over time. Particularly, nitrate ($NO_3{^-}$) status indicators of ground water in 2013 were significantly lower than the ones in 2000. Overall, the water quality indicators of surface water in 2013 were higher than the ones in 2012, except for pH and DO. The groundwater quality indicators in 2013 were lower than those of previous years. The optimal management indicators were calculated to assess agricultural surface water and groundwater quality. The findings of this study indicated that the state indicators could play a significant role to establish policies and procedures for managing and conserving water resources. This study also discussed water pollution caused by agricultural and industrial effluents.
State Indicator of Water Quality for Surface Water and Groundwater in Agriculture
Min-Kyeong Kim,Goo-Bok Jung,An-Sung Ro,Seung-Chul Choi,Won-Il Choi,Eun-Jeong Kim,Jong-Eun Lee,Yeo-Uk Yun,Kab-Cheol Kim,Do-Young Ko,Byeong-Ho Kim,Hyeon-Ji Kim,Sang-Jo Park,Seong-Tae Lee,Jae-Young Heo,S 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.5
Indicators of environmental conditions qualitatively and quantitatively describe the state of the environment and natural resources, and the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) has initiated and suggested AEIs (Agri-Environmental Indicators) to assess trends over time of the effects of agriculture on the environment and the effectiveness and efficiency of agricultural and environmental policy measures since 1990’s. This study aims to develop the state indicators of water quality for agricultural water, surface and groundwater, to evaluate the environmental impacts of agricultural activities and policies by qualifying the environmental levels of a nation. Status indicators were calculated according to the agricultural water quality standards of OECD and Korea, and their trends were analyzed over time. Particularly, nitrate(NO₃<SUP>-</SUP>) status indicators of ground water in 2013 were significantly lower than the ones in 2000. Overall, the water quality indicators of surface water in 2013 were higher than the ones in 2012, except for pH and DO. The groundwater quality indicators in 2013 were lower than those of previous years. The optimal management indicators were calculated to assess agricultural surface water and groundwater quality. The findings of this study indicated that the state indicators could play a significant role to establish policies and procedures for managing and conserving water resources. This study also discussed water pollution caused by agricultural and industrial effluents.
( Sung Woo Park ),( Ae Rin Baek ),( Do Jin Kim ),( An Soo Jang ),( Soo Taek Uh ),( Yong Hoon Kim ),( Choon Sik Park ),( Yoon Pyo Kang ),( Sung Won Kwon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized chronic progressive lung fibrosis with poor prognosis. Many part of pathogenesis of IPF is still not known. Metabolomics is the study of molecules created by cellular metabolic pathways. we hypothesize that exploring the metabolic pathways of lung tissues from IPF could revealing a clear pathogenesis of IPF Methods: Lung tissues obtained from 12 patients with IPF and from 12 normal subjects and performed global metabolomic profiling using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Results: Through unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA), the variation and outlier of samples were monitored and the clustering patterns between IPF and control groups were confirmed. Based on this, we performed a supervised method, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), to establish the predictive and discriminative models. To interpret the data more reliably, the metabolites selected by PLS-DA and univariate statistical analyses due to the value of area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) more than 0.9, were proved to have high prediction performance between the groups. The expression patterns of the identified metabolites indicated an anaerobic glycolysis, depletion of ATP, impairment of glutathione biosynthesis, and increase of ornithine-proline metabolism as distinctive metabolic phenotypes of IPF. Conclusions: Our enhanced metabolomics approach verified the existing hypotheses of pathogenesis in IPF at the metabolite level and suggested noteworthy signals of pathogenic metabolites related to IPF.
( Sung Woo Park ),( Ae Rin Baek ),( Do Jin Kim ),( An Soo Jang ),( Soo Taek Uh ),( Y Ong Hoon Kim ),( Choon Sik Park ),( Yoon Pyo Kang ),( Sung Won Kwon ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fi brosis (IPF) is characterized chronic progressive lung fi brosis with poor prognosis. Many part of pathogenesis of IPF is still not known. Metabolomics is the study of molecules created by cellular metabolic pathways. we hypothesize that exploring the metabolic pathways of lung tissues from IPF could revealing a clear pathogenesis of IPF Methods: Lung tissues obtained from 12 patients with IPF and from 12 normal subjectsand performed global metabolomic profi ling using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Results: Through unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA), the variation and outlier of samples were monitored and the clustering patterns between IPF and control groups were confi rmed. Based on this, we performed a supervised method, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), to establish the predictive and discriminative models. To interpret the data more reliably, the metabolites selected by PLS-DA and univariate statistical analyses due to the value of area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) more than 0.9, were proved to have high prediction performance between the groups. The expression patterns of the identifi ed metabolites indicated an anaerobic glycolysis, depletion of ATP, impairment of glutathione biosynthesis, and increase of ornithine-proline metabolism as distinctive metabolic phenotypes of IPF. Conclusions: Our enhanced metabolomics approach verifi ed the existing hypotheses of pathogenesis in IPF at the metabolite level and suggested noteworthy signals of pathogenic metabolites related to IPF.
IL-4와 IFN-γ 유전자 다형성들의 아토피에 대한 상호 작용 모형
이준혁 ( June Hyuk Lee ),최종효 ( Jong Hyo Choi ),윤진아 ( Jin A Yoon ),박성우 ( Sung Woo Park ),김도진 ( Do Jin Kim ),장안수 ( An Soo Jang ),박종숙 ( Jong Sook Park ),어수택 ( Soo Taek Uh ),임태연 ( Tai Youn Rhim ),김용훈 ( Yong 대한천식알레르기학회 2008 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.28 No.1
Background: Asthma is a common complex genetic disease. While the T-helper cell 1 pathway is determined by cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), the T-helper cell 2 pathway is determined by IL-4. These comprise two alternative CD4+ T-cell fates with functional consequences for the host immune system. We investigated the effect of interaction between and IL-4 SNPs on asthma or atopy. Method: Three hundred asthmatics and 300 unrelated normal controls were enrolled. Two candidate SNPs of the IFN-γ gene and two SNPs of the IL-4 gene were selected. Gene-gene interactions were tested using the multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method and interaction information analysis on the basis of Shannon entropy. Result: In MDR analysis, a combination of IFN-γ+2459A>G and IL-4-589C >T was the best model to predict atopy. In interaction information analysis, there was a strong effect of interaction between theses two SNPs on atopy. This combination showed a stronger effect than each SNP alone. In addition, IL-4-589C >T showed a strong effect on atopy with IFN- γ+2671C >T and with IFN- γ+2459A >G. Theses effects were prominent in normal controls. Conclusion: From the findings of a statistical interaction model, it is suggested that IFN-γ and IL-4 gene SNPs may contributes to the development of atopy by interacting with each other. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;28:45-52)