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대기오염에 따른 천식, 만성폐쇄성 폐질환, 심장질환 환자의 병원 방문 및 입원
장안수 ( An Soo Jang ),김보연 ( Bo Yeon Kim ),이찬현 ( Chan Hyun Lee ),박종숙 ( Jong Sook Park ),이준혁 ( June Hyuk Lee ),박성우 ( Sung Woo Park ),김도진 ( Do Jin Kim ),박춘식 ( Choon Sik Park ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2006 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.26 No.3
Background: Air pollution is an important risk factor for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cardiovascular diseases. Air pollution can aggravate the symptoms of asthma, COPD, and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between monthly air pollutant concentrations and monthly hospitalizations for selected disease categories in Bucheon, Gyenggi-do. Method: Monthly measurements of particles (PM10), sulfur dioxide, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations were obtained between Jan. 2003 and Aug. 2003 via the metropolitan network of monitoring stations. Hospital morbidity data for asthma, cardiovascular, COPD were obtained and categorized into all ages greater than 10 years. Result: There were significant associations for monthly changes in PM10 concentrations of emergency visits of female asthmatic patients (r=0.715, P=0.046) and outpatients visits of male asthmatic patients (r=0.714, P=0.047). There were significant associations for monthly changes in ozone concentrations and outpatient visits of COPD (r=0.723, P=0.043) and angina pectoris (r=0.802, P=0.017). Changes in NO2, sulfur dioxide concentrations were not significantly associated with any disease outcomes. Conclusion: These data provide useful information on the potential health impact of air pollution on asthma, COPD, cardiovascular diseases, and the control of air pollution is an important issue for prevention of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;26:233-238)
장안수 ( An Soo Jang ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.31 No.2
Acrolein (2-propenal) is a highly reactive alpha, beta unsaturated aldehyde, and a product of lipid peroxidation reactions. It is formed from carbohydrates, amino acids, vegetable oils and animal fats during food heating or by combustion of petroleum fuels and biodiesel. It has a colorless to yellow liquid and irritating odor. Its molecular formula is C3H4O, molar mass is 56.06 g/mol, melting point is -88˚C, boiling point is 53˚C, and solubility is greater than 10% in water. People are exposed to acrolein via smoking, secondhand smoke, and wood/plastic smoke. Acrolein may cause irritations of eyes, nose and respiratory tract in low concentrations. The main endogenous sources of acrolein are the myeloperoxidase-mediated degradation of threonine and the amine oxidase-mediated degradation of spermine and spermidine, which may constitute a significant source of acrolein in the situations of oxidative stress and inflammation. Acrolein is metabolized by conjugation with glutathione and excreted in urine as mercapturic acid metabolites. Acrolein increases airway mucin production. Acrolein can affect tight junctional protein via FOXO1 and β-catenin. Taken together, further studies of acrolein as a constituent of cigarette smoke and an air pollutant are needed to explore their effects on asthma and lung diseases. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;31:84-90)
천식 치료의 최신지견 ; 흡입 스테로이드제제의 Update
장안수 ( An Soo Jang ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.2
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. The chronic airway inflammation is associated with airway hyper-responsiveness, causing recurring episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. The goal of asthma treatment, to achieve and maintain clinical control, can be reached in most patients with pharmacological treatment. Inhaled glucocorticoids are a very effective treatment for asthma. This review provides an update on inhaled glucocorticoids therapy and recent findings. (Korean J Med 2011;80:129-134)