Floristic characteristics of vascular plants and first distributional report of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim in Yongneup wetland protected area

Young-Chul Kim,Hyun-Hee Chae,Sang-Heock Oh,Seung-Ho Choi2,Moon-Pyo Hong3,Gi-Heum Nam,Jae-Yoon Choi,Hyun-Sook Choi,Kyu-Song Lee 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Yongneup wetland protected area, the only high moor in Korea, is a core area to conserve biodiversity. Even though the Yongneup wetland protected area is relatively small, various plant species are distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area because it includes various habitats showing different environmental gradients. Vascular plants distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area were identified as a total of 376 taxa that is composed of 73 families, 217 genera, 322 species, 3 subspecies, 44 varieties and 7 forms. For endangered plants designated by the Ministry of Environment, 5 species including Trientalis europaea var. arctica, Lilium dauricum, Halenia corniculata, Lychnis wilfordii and Menyanthes trifoliata were found and 34 taxa were confirmed to be distributed only in the mountainous wetland habitats. Regarding naturalized plants, a total of 11 taxa were distributed, but most of them were distributed in the areas where artificial interference has occurred. And in areas inside the wetlands that are relatively well preserved, 2 species of Bidens frondosa and Erigeron annuus were observed. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim, which was recently found in Mt. Baekdu and reported as a new species, were identified in the Yongneup wetland protected area. A wetland is a very vulnerable area to drastic environmental changes and damages to its ecosystem could cause the extinction of rare plant species which are distributed only in the wetlands. Therefore, it is mandatory that current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area is evaluated and actions to prevent rapid environmental changes are taken. Fourteen separate investigations were conducted in 2013 and another four in 2014, to evaluate current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area. These investigations have provided us the basic information for future actions of conservation and restoration.

농촌지역 노인들의 우울증상에 관련된 요인들의 특성

송미숙,전기홍,송현종,김정은,박승구,신상건,이동훈,정성현,최연주,최완철,최민규,황재철,홍지만 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

This study was performed to identify risk factors for depression among the elderly in a rural area. A survey was done for the elderly living in Gosam-myenn, Ansung-kun during the period of July 28, 1997 and July 30, 1997. Demographic and sodoeconornic characteristics, and functional and health Status were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the level of depression was measured by GDS score. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, and the results were as follows: 1. The total sample consisted of 133 elderly. Of them, 47 elderly (35.4%) showed significant depressive Symptoms. 2. The GDS score was the highest for the group over 85 years of age (p < 0.05). Those living alone or widowed showed lower GDS score than those living with someone or married (p < 0.05). 3. The GDS score was the highest in the absolutely dependent group, followed by the partially dependent group, and the independent group (p < 0.01). The elderly who perceived their health Status as excellent showed the lowest GDS score. In contrast, those who had more than five chronic diseases showed the highest GDS score. 4. The elderly receiving financial and emotional support from their family or friends showed lower GDS score compared to those without any support. 5. The economically dependent group showed higher GDS score than that of independent group. 6. The elderly who involved in leisure activities showed lower GDS score than those without any involvement. 7. In terms of risk factors for depression, we found that perceived health Status, subjective economic Status, leisure activities, living arrangement and financial support were inversely associated with GDS score, whereas labor support was positively associated with GDS score. Based upon the above findings, this study suggests that these risk factors for depression in the elderly should be taken into consideration for a comprehensive mental health program for the elderly living in the rural area.

잠김 금속판을 이용한 대퇴골 전자하 골절의 치료 : 압박 고 나사와 비교

손현철, 김용민, 김동수, 최의성, 박경진, 조병기, 박지강, 배승환 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2011 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.21 No.2

-본문참고-

네트워크 환경에서의 원격 공격에 대한 지능 방어 및 추적 시스템 구현에 관한 연구

최영,이승철 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 2001 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.31 No.-

본 논문에서는 네트워크 환경에서의 보안관리의 자동화를 위한 지능 방어 및 추적시스템(IDTS)라는 지식기반 시스템(KBS)을 구축하고 공격에 대한 실시간 탐지와 방어, 추적에 관한 연구를 수행하였으며 그 응용으로 지식기반 시스템을 이용한 서비스 거부 공격(DoS)방어를 예로 보였다. 논문에서는 RTS[1]에서 탐지된 결과를 메시지로 구성하여 CLIPS 지식기반 시스템 툴로 구축된 지능 방어 및 추적시스템(IDTS)의 지식베이스에 넘겨주면 지능 방어 및 추적시스템은 주어진 원격공격 형태에 대한 지식베이스에 의거하여 상황을 진단하고 진단 결과에 따라 필요한 조치를 IPChains[2]에게 명령하면 IPChains는 해당 명령에 따라 방어 조치를 취하도록 구성되었다. 이에 수반되는 주요 연구내용으로 Network 시스템 관리, 지식기반 시스템, TCP/IP Datagram 구조, Network System 공격 기법과 방어기법, 추적기법 등을 포함한다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 시스템의 공격 및 침투방법을 이해하고 이에 대한 대처 방법과 네트워크 시스템 보안의 중요성을 다시 한번 되새기고 지능 탐지, 방어 및 추적 시스템을 구축함으로써 지능화된 보안 시스템을 구현 하는데 그 목적을 둔다. A research on the real time attack Detection, defence and traceback technique in the network environment is performed in this study. A knowledge-based system(KBS) called by Intelligent Defence and Trace System(IDTS) for security management is constructed by CLIPS KBS tool. For DoS(Denial of Service) attack, A Message resulted from the RTSD[1] detection is sent to the IDTS. Then the IDTS evaluates at hand using the rules in the knowledge base and sends commands to the IPChains[2] to take appropriate countermeasures. The study also includes the discussion in the network management, the knowledge-based system, the TCP/IP datagram structure and its weak points, various attack, defence and traceback techniques in network environment. Various network attacks are actually tested using computers equipped with the IDTS. The attacks are accurately found, defenced and traced back and the effectiveness of the IDTS are demonstrated.

지구성 운동시 혈청 CPK, LDH, LDH Isoenzyme 및 젖산 반응

최철승 조선대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1998 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

This study was done to compare the response of serum CPK, LDH and LDH isoenzyme to submaximal exercise in middle aged trained and sedentary male and evaluate the effect of regular physical activity on the enzyme response during exercise. The subjects were 14 men participating regularly in physical activity (amateur soccer team) and 14 sedentary men. All subjects were asked to perform bicycle ergometer exercise at the level of 70% HRmax during 40 minutes. The blood samples were drawn from each subject's antecubital vein by catheter all five times (pre, 10min., 20min, 40min, post 30min) and analyzed LDH, CPK, LDH isoenzyme and lactate. The results obtained from data analysis were as follows ; 1. The peak level of lactate concentration appeared at 20min-exercise in both groups and sedentary group showed significantly higher level of lactate than exercise group (4.27 : 4.92mM, p<05) 2. Serum CPK in exercise group significantly increased at 10min and 20min exercise (p<01-0.05), but thereafter decreased down to pre-level at 40min exercise and after 30min-recovery. On the other hand, in sedentary group serum CPK consistantly increased during all exercise time course and maintained high level after 30min-recovery compared to pre-level. Therefore, the changes of serum CPK level at 40 min exercise and 30min recovery showed significant difference between two groups. 3. Although serum LDH showed similar changes with serum CPK in both groups, there was no significant difference between exercise group and sedentary group. 4. The heart specific LDH isoenzyme decreased consistantly during exercise, while the muscle specific LDH isoenzyme, especially, LDH_5 increased according to time course in both groups. Although these changes appeared more remarkably in sedentary group than in exercise group, there was no significant difference between both groups.

교통정보시스템을 위한 멀티모달 감성입력 모듈의 구현

최승호,김철 東新大學校 工業技術硏究所 2000 工業技術硏究 Vol.6 No.-

In this paper, we implement and design a PC-based multimodal emotional input module combining speech and lip information to get effectively traffic information in a car. Speech recognizer is combined with lip recognizer in the module, and the module controls Comdio(Computer Radio) which is designed for receiving DARC(Data Radio Channel) data and traffic information to the radio. We used the TCP/IP socket between recognizers, and then improved 2% the rate of recognition in case of speech recognizer and 37.5% in case of lip recognizer when we compared the module with independent recognizer. Therefore, the results show that this module combining speech and lip recognizer is can be possible by being applied to Traffic Information System.

NDRG2 is one of novel intrinsic factors for regulation of lL-10 production in human myeloid cell

최승철,김광동,김종태,오상석,윤선영,송은영,이희구,조영경,최인표,임종석,김재화 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

단기간 근권 저온처리가 수경재배 상추의 질산태 질소 함량에 미치는 영향

최승주,양진철,사동민 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.1

질산태 질소의 일중 농도 변화와 단기간의 저온 처리가 질산태 질소의 흡수 및 농도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 상추(Lactuca sativa L.)를 공시 작물로 하여 온실에서 수경 재배하였다. 질산태 질소의 농도는 염산에 비하여 주맥에서 일중 지속적으로 2배 이상 높았으며, 질산태 질소의 일중 변화는 14:00까지 지속적으로 감소하여 최저치 (8.7 mg-N/GDW)를 나타낸 후 다시 증가하였다. 질산태 질소의 일중 흡수량은 11:00~17:00에 평균 4.8mg-N/GDW-Root/hr로 최대치를 나타내었다. 단기간의 저온 처리량을 50%~55%를 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 수확 전 단기간의 저온처리가 상추 잎의 질산태 질소함량을 낮출 수 있는 방법으로 응용될 수 있음을 보여준다. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants were grown under hydroponic system to characterize the diurnal change of nitrate concentration and nitrate uptake rate and to examine the effect of short term cold treatment to rhizosphere on nitrate concentration and uptake rate in lettuce plant. The nitrate concentrations in midrib were two times higher than those in leaf. Nitrate concentration in the shoot reached to minimum (8.7 mg-N/GDW) at 14:00 and, thereafter, increased continuously until 23:00. During 11:00~17:00, nitrate uptake by lettuce plant was maximum (4.8 mg-N/GDW-Root/hr). Short term cold treatment reduced nitrate concentration in the shoot by 14~18%, and nitrate uptake rate by 50~55%, respectively. These results showed that short term cold treatment before harvest could be applied for the purpose of reduction of nitrate concentration in the leaf under hydroponic culture.

출산후 여성의 우울성향과 영아 기질, 양육 스트레스 및 대처방식과의 연관성

최영민,이승휘,김영미,이정호,전성일,이기철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

목 적 : 산후우울증의 발생은 출산 직후부터 1년까지 지속될 수 있고 출산 이후에도 오랜 기간동안 발생 가능성이 있으며, 산후우울증을 단순히 선행하는 감정적 문제, 통제 소재, 사회적지지, 출산과 동반된 생리적 변인만으로 설명할 수 없다. 그러므로 산후우울증은 출산후 산모-영아 상호관계에서 겪게되는 어려운 영아의 기질, 산모가 영아를 양육하면서 겪게되는 양육 스트레스, 그리고 산모의 대처 방식과 연관이 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 산후우울증과 영아 기질, 양육 스트레스, 대처방식을 변인으로 하여 산후우울증과의 연관성을 평가하기위해 산후의 우울성향과 각 변인의 관계를 연구하였다. 방 법 : 연구의 대상은 1996년 7월 16일부터 8월 27일까지 인제 대학교 의과대학 부속 상계백병원 소아과 외래에 예방 접종을 위해 내원한 4개월에서 12개월 사이의 영아를 둔 산모 105명을 대상으로 하였다. Beck우울척도(BDI), 영아기질척도(EAS), 부모 양육스트레스 목록표(PSI), 대처방식척도(WCC)를 사용하여 산후의 우울성향과 이들 변인과의 연관성을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결 과 : 1) 어머니의 우울성향 점수는 영아의 기질중 부정적 정서성(r=.26 p<0.05), 과도한 활동성(r=.22 p<0.05)과 유의미한 상관 관계를 보였다. 영아의 사회성 척도와는 부적 상관이 있었으나 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았다. 2) 어머니의 우울성향 점수는 양육 스트레스와는 정적 상관관계가 있었다(r=.44 p<0.001). 3) 어머니의 우울성향 점수와 대처방식과 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 4) 영아의 부정적 정서성과 양육 스트레스는 정적 상관관계가 있었으나(r=.49 p<0.001) 사회성, 활동성과의 상관관계는 유의미하지 않았다. 양육 스트레스와 대처방식과도 통계적으로 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과, 산모의 산후 우울성향과 첫째, 영아 기질 중 정서성과 활동성이 연관관계가 있고 둘째, 양육스트레스와 연관이 있으나 세째, 대처방식과는 연관이 없었다. 이런 결과는 산후의 우울성향과 각 요인과의 연관성을 살펴볼 때 산후우울증에 더 중요한 영향을 미치는 것은 산모의 대처 방식이라는 어머니 측의 변인보다는 출산과 동반된 양육 스트레스 혹은 영아의 어려운 기질일 것이라고 추론할 수 있다. Objectives : This Study examined the relationship of depressive tendency in postpartum women with psychosocial factors such as infant temperament, parental stress and coping style. Methods : The subjects consisted of 05 postpartum women, each of whom had an infant aged 4 to 12 months. They were assessed on demographic variables and on measures of the depressive symptomatology, infant temperament, parental stress and the coping style using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), the EAS temperamental survey, Parenting Stress Index(PSI), the Way of Coping Checklist(WCC). And then we assessed the relationship of depressive tendency in postpartum women with psychosocial factors. Results : The results were as follows : 1) Depressive tendency in postpartum women had significant relationship with emotionality(r=.26 p<0.05) and activity(r=.22 p<0.05) of infant temperament. 2) Depressive tendency in postpartum women had significant relationship with parenting stress(r=.44 p<0.001). 3) Depressive tendency in postpartum women had no significant relationship with coping style. 4) Parental stress had significant relationship with emotionality(r=.49 p<0.001) but did not have any relationship with sociability and activity of infant temperament. Parenting stress had no significant relationship with coping style. Conclusion : These results suggest that depressive tendency in postpartum women correlated with emotionality and activity of infant temperament correlated with parenting stress but not correlated with coping style. Infant temperament and parenting stress to child rearing are more significantly correlated with depressive tendency in postpartum women than coping style of postpartum women.

이완훈련이 고혈압자의 상태불안 및 혈압에 미치는 영향

최승욱,박철용 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This research aims to prove that relaxation practice that includes abdominal breathing and progressive relaxation is an effective method in lowering the blood pressure by comparing·approving the effect on state anxiety and the blood pressure, which was proceed to divide middle-aged women into relaxation practiced group, aerobic trained group and controlled group randomly and to compare each group and the period of measurement with the data of state anxiety and blood pressure were measured before the test, during the test and after the test under rest from the program was performed for 4 weeks. The research was carried out from Aug. 05 to Sep. 06, 2002 with the measurement that includes the test of 2 times of high pressure under rest for one week to the subject of 21 persons of woman hypertensives from forties to sixties who reside in Busan and then, with the instruction of abdominal breathing and progressive relaxation 2 times a week to the relaxation practiced group, the instruction of aerobic exercise 3 times a week for 4 weeks to aerobic trained group and non-instruction to controlled group. 2 weeks after the test, state anxiety and blood pressure were measured and post investigation was made after then. For the process of data using SPSS Program 10.0, repeated measure ANOVA was used at significant level p=.05 in the comparison of each group and the change of relevant variable, one-way ANOVA was used in the analysis of the period of the test among each group and multiple comparison by Tukey test was made in the post approval. From this process of date, the following conclusion was drawn. First, state anxiety of relaxation practiced group was decreased significantly in comparison to that of aerobic trained group and controlled group. Second, the systolic blood pressure of relaxation practiced group was decreased significantly in comparison to that of aerobic trained group and controlled group. Third, the diastolic blood pressure of relaxation practiced group was decreased steadily in comparison to that of aerobic trained group and controlled group, but statistical significant decrease was not found Consequently, its been proved that the relaxation practice which consists of abdominal breathing and progressive relaxation didn't affect on the diastolic blood pressure but did affect on the control of state anxiety and the systolic blood pressure.