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다중 대역 이동 통신 단말기용 내장형 루프 안테나 설계
이영중,이진성,정병운,박면주,이병제,Lee Young-Joong,Lee Jin-Sung,Jung Byungwoon,Park Myun-Joo,Lee Byungje 한국전자파학회 2005 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.16 No.9
본 논문에서는 4중 대역 이동 통신 단말기에서 사용할 수 있는 내장형 안테나를 설계, 제작하였다. 안테나의 동작 주파수 대역은 GSM(880 MHz${\~}$960 MHz), GPS(1,575 MHz$\pm$10 MHz), DCS(1,710 MHz${\~}$l,880 MHz) 그리고 US-PCS(1,850 MHz${\~}$l,990 MHz) 등을 포함한다. 제안된 안테나는 하나의 급전과 단락 그리고 접혀진 루프 형태의 방사체로 구성되어 있으며 루프형 방사체에 형성되는 기본 모드와 고차 모드들을 이용하여 다중 대역 특성을 만들었다. 안테나에서는 모드별 공진 주파수 조절을 위해 방사체의 특정 부분에 전류 분포 분석을 바탕으로 각기 다른 크기의 슬롯을 삽입하였고, 전방향성 방사 패턴 특성을 위해 방사체의 구조를 좌우 대칭형의 접혀진 루프 형태로 설계하여 방사체에 대칭적인 에너지 분포를 가지게 하였다. 제안된 안테나는 대역폭 향상을 위해 안테나의 아랫부분의 접지면을 제거하였으며 제작된 안테나의 측정된 임피던스 대역폭은 GSM 대역에서 정재파비 2.5 : 1 기준으로 $10.1\%$이고, GPS 대역 및 DCS/US-PCS 대역에서 정재파비 2.5 : 1 기준으로 $26.8\%$이다. 안테나의 수평면 방사 패턴 최대 이득은 전 대역에서 -0.37 dBi${\~}$2.55 dBi로 측정되었다. In this paper, the quad-band antenna for mobile handsets is proposed and developed. The operating frequency bands include GSM(880 MHz${\~}$960 MHz), GPS(1,575 MHz$\pm$10 MHz), DCS(1,710 MHz${\~}$l,880MHz), and PCS(1,850 MHz${\~}$l,990 MHz). The proposed antenna consists of a feed line, a shorting post, and a radiating element of the feed loop. The multi-band operation is achieved by using the fundamental and higher resonant modes of the radiating element. Based on analysis of the current distribution on the radiator, the resonant frequency of each mode can be adjusted by adding the different sizes of slots on the radiator. The radiator of the feed loop is designed to be symmetrical so that the energy is symmetrically distributed on the radiator, which results in omni-directional radiation pattern. The ground plane under the radiator is removed in order to improve the bandwidth. The measured impedance bandwidths are $10.1\%$ in GSM band(VSWR<2.5), $26.8\%$ in GPS band, and DCS/US-PCS bands(VSWR<2.5), respectively. The maximum gains on the H-plane of the fabricated antenna are measured about -0.37 dBi${\~}$2.55 dBi for all operating frequency bands.
이영중,박광현,이병훈,김덕수,김영도,Lee Young Jung,Park Kwang Hyun,Lee Byung Hoon,Kim Deok-Soo,Kim Young Do 한국재료학회 2005 한국재료학회지 Vol.15 No.2
[ $W-15wt.\%$ ] Cu nanocomposite powders are fabricated by ball-milling and subsequent hydrogen-reduction. The compacted parts of $W-15wt.\%Cu$ nanocomposite powders were sintered at $1200^{\circ}C$ for 1 h with various heating rates of 5 and $20^{\circ}C/min$. The homogeneity of the sintered microstructures was evaluated through homogeneity index by the standard deviation of Victor's hardness test. The W-W contiguities were calculated by using Voronoi diagrams. The sintered microstructure with the heating rate of $20^{\circ}C/min$ was more homogeneous and had lower W-W contiguity than that of $5^{\circ}C/min$. The microstructural homogeneity was directly related to the W-W contiguity. Thermal conductivity of the sintered parts with the heating rate of $20^{\circ}C/min$ was higher than that with heating rate of $5^{\circ}C/min$. This phenomenon indicates that the thermal conductivity is affected by the W-W contiguity resulting from the homogeneity of the sintered microstructure.
이영중,김대건,박경화,김영도,Lee, Young-Jung,Kim, Dae-Gun,Park, Kyung-Hwa,Kim, Young-Do 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.7
Efforts to reduce noise in industrial application fields, such as automobiles, aircrafts, and plants have been gaining considerable attention while a sound proof wall to protect people from the noise has been intensively investigated by many researchers. In this study, our research group suggested creating a new sound proof wall composed of scrap aluminum chips and perforated plates in a commercial polyester sound proof wall, which was then successfully fabricated. This wall's sound absorption characteristics were measured by an impedance tube method. The sound absorption property was evaluated by measuring the Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) to the standard, ASTM C 423-90a. The noise reduction coefficient of the sound proof wall composed of 3.5 vol.% and 7.5 vol.% of scrap aluminum chips relatively increased to 5% and 8% compared to the commercial polyester sound proof wall. The scrap aluminum perforated plate also relatively increased to 13% compared to the commercial polyester sound proof wall.
알칼리 표면개질을 통한 다공성 알루미늄 합금의 하이브리드 기공구조 형성
서영익,김영문,이영중,김대건,이규환,김영도,Seo, Young-Ik,Kim, Young-Moon,Lee, Young-Jung,Kim, Dae-Gun,Lee, Kyu-Hwan,Kim, Young-Do 한국분말야금학회 2009 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.16 No.1
To improve the filtration efficiency of porous materials used in filters, an extensive specific surface area is required to serve as a site for adsorption of impurities. In this paper, a method for creating a hybridized porous alloy using a powder metallurgical technique to build macropores in an Al-4 wt.% Cu alloy and subsequent surface modification for a microporous surface with a considerably increased specific surface area is suggested. The macropore structure was controlled by granulation, compacting pressure, and sintering; the micropore structure was obtained by a surface modification using a dilute NaOH solution. The specific surface area of surface-modified specimen increased about 10 times compare to as-sintered specimen that comprised of the macropore structure. Also, the surface-modified specimens showed a remarkable increase in micropores larger than 10 nm. Such a hybridized porous structure has potential for application in water and air purification filters, as well as membrane pre-treatment and catalysis.
김세훈,이영중,이제성,김영도,Kim, Se-Hoon,Lee, Young-Jung,Lee, Jea-Sung,Kim, Young-Do 한국분말야금학회 2007 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.14 No.3
Various approaches have been proposed to increase the green density. Warm compaction method has been used for the reduction of residual stress, the improvement of magnetic properties and the higher densities. In this work, the effect of warm compaction on green density of Fe powder was investigated. After ball-milling of Fe oxide powder for 30 hours, Fe oxide powder was reduced through the hydrogen reduction process. The pure Fe powder and polymer binder were mixed by 3-D tubular mixer. And then the mixed powder was warm-compacted with various compaction pressure and binder contents. The green density of specimen was added polyvinyl binder was higher than any other specimens.
고에너지 볼밀링으로 제조된 나노구조 Fe-20 wt.%Si 합금 분말의 자성 특성에 미치는 결정립 크기의 영향
김세훈,이영중,이백희,이규환,김영도,Kim, Se-Hoon,Lee, Young Jung,Lee, Baek-Hee,Lee, Kyu Hwan,Kim, Young Do 한국분말야금학회 2005 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.12 No.5
The structural and magnetic properties of nanostructued Fe-20 ;wt.%Si alloy powders were investigated. Commercial Fe-20 wt.%Si alloy powders (Hoeganaes Co., USA) with 99.9% purities were used to fabricate the nanostructure Fe-Si alloy powders through a high-energy ball milling process. The alloy powders were fabricated at 400 rpm for 50 h, resulting in an average grain size of 16 nm. The nanostructured powder was characterized by fcc $Fe_{3}Si$ and hcp $Fe_{5}Si_3$ phases and exhibited a minimum coercivity of approximately 50 Oe.
알칼리 표면개질을 통한 메조포러스 알루미늄 하이드록사이드 필름 형성 기구
서영익,전용진,이영중,김대건,이규환,김영도,Seo, Young-Ik,Jeon, Yong-Jin,Lee, Young-Jung,Kim, Dae-Gun,Lee, Kyu-Hwan,Kim, Young-Do 한국재료학회 2010 한국재료학회지 Vol.20 No.2
In this study, a new, relatively simple fabrication method for forming a mesoporous $Al(OH)_3$ film on Al substrates was demonstrated. This method, i.e., alkali surface modification, was simply comprised of dipping the substrate in a $5\times10^{-3}$ M NaOH solution at $80^{\circ}C$ for one minute and then immersing it in boiling water for 30 minutes. After alkali surface modification, a mesoporous $Al(OH)_3$ film was formed on the Al substrate, and its chemical state and crystal structure were confirmed by XPS and TEM. According to the results of the XPS analysis, the flake-like morphology after the alkali surface modification was mainly composed of $Al(OH)_3$, with a small amount of $Al_2O_3$. The mesoporous $Al(OH)_3$ layer was composed of three regions: an amorphousrich region, a region of mixed amorphous and crystal domains, and a crystalline-rich region near the $Al(OH)_3$ layer surface. It was confirmed that the stabilization process in the alkali surface modification strongly influenced the crystallization of the mesoporous $Al(OH)_3$ layer.
방전플라즈마 소결법을 이용한 ZnS-SiO<sub>2</sub> 복합재료의 제조와 기계적 특성
신대훈,김길수,이영중,조훈,김영도,Shin, Dae-Hoon,Kim, Gil-Su,Lee, Young-Jung,Cho, Hoon,Kim, Young-Do 한국분말야금학회 2008 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.15 No.1
ZnS-$SiO_2$ composite is normally used for sputtering target. In recent years, high sputtering power for higher deposition rate often causes crack formation of the target. Therefore the target material is required that the sintered target material should have high crack resistance, excellent strength and a homogeneous microstructure with high sintered density. In this study, raw ZnS and ZnS-$SiO_2$ powders prepared by a 3-D mixer or high energy ball-milling were successfully densified by spark plasma sintering, the effective densification method of hard-to-sinter materials in a short time. After sintering, the fracture toughness was measured by the indentation fracture (IF) method. Due to the effect of crack deflection by the residual stress occurred by the second phase of fine $SiO_2$, the hardness and fracture toughness reached to 3.031 GPa and $1.014MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, respectively.
Fe-0.1C-(V, Nb) 제어압연강의 미세조직 및 기계적 특성
조경목 ( Kyung Mox Cho ),김수영 ( Su Young Kim ),박인애 ( In Ae Park ),이영중 ( Young Jung Lee ),강남현 ( Nam Hyun Kang ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.45 No.5
Following the trend of industrial high strength and toughness structural steel manufacturing, it is evolving and increasing needs of basic research and development efforts. One of the examples is, due to the high cost of vanadium, the replacement of Fe-V steel to Fe-Nb steel. However, there still exist difficulties for commercial production of Fe-Nb steel because of poor impact toughness of this steel comparing with Fe-V steel. In this study, a fundamental investigation was carried out to analyze the microstructure, tensile properties and impact toughness of Fe-Nb steel as a function of the rolling conditions with no post heat treatment. The steel samples were prepared with three different compositions, i.e., Fe-V steel (Fe-0.05V-0.001Nb), Fe-V-Nb steel (Fe-0.014V-0.03Nb), Fe-Nb steel(Fe-0.003V-0.033Nb). The steels were deformed with controlled rolling conditions, namely start rolling temperature(SRT) 1150℃ for the all experiment, but two different finish rolling temperature(FRT); 950℃ and 860℃. Ferrite grain size decreased and thus impact toughness was measured higher at FRT of 860℃ than at FRT 950℃ treated steels. Even though the impact toughness of Fe-Nb steel was quite low due to inhomogeneous distribution of ferrite grain size, Fe-V-Nb steel exhibited impact toughness improved with controlled rolling at FRT 860℃. Application of the controlled rolling process showed one of the possibilities to replace Fe-V steel with Fe-V-Nb and/or Fe-Nb steel.