향상된 론웍 기반의 홈 네트워크용 전력선 모뎀 구현

마낙원(Nak-Won Ma),김녹원(Lok-Won Kim),김우섭(Woo-Seop Kim),이창은(Chang-Eun Lee),문경덕(Kyeong-Deok Moon),김석기(Suk-Ki Kim) 대한전자공학회 2002 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2002 No.6

신장이식 환자에서 혈청 cystatin C치와 사구체여과율의 연관성

최낙원 ( Nak Won Choi ),김지현 ( Jee Hyun Kim ),이충식 ( Chung Sik Lee ),이창화 ( Chang Hwa Lee ),김근호 ( Gheun Ho Kim ),강종명 ( Chong Myung Kang ) 대한내과학회 2006 대한내과학회지 Vol.70 No.6

목적: 본 연구는 신장이식 환자를 대상으로 혈청 cystatin C와 24시간 크레아티닌 청소율 혹은 사구체여과율 추정치의 상관관계를 분석하고, 사구체여과율의 중등도 저하를 검출하는데 있어서 혈청 cystatin C와 혈청 크레아티닌의 진단적 정확성을 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 신장이식을 받은 후 적어도 6개월 이상 경과하고 신기능이 안정적으로 유지된 40명 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사구체여과율 측정을 위해 24시간 크레아티닌 청소율과 사구체여과율 추정치 Background: Serum cystatin C has been proposed to be a sensitive glomerular filtration rate (GFR) marker. This study was undertaken to evaluate correlation between serum cystatin C and GFR estimates in renal transplant recipients. Methods: Serum cystatin C

건설 클레임 관리를 위한 웹기반의 의사결정 지원 시스템 개발

성낙원(Sung Nak Won),김영석(Kim Young Suk),이미영(Lee Mi Young),이정순(Lee Jung Sun) 대한토목학회 2006 대한토목학회논문집 D Vol.26 No.1D

최근 국내 건설계약 문화가 선진화 되어가고 클레임 발생 건수가 증가함에 따라 클레임 관리의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 선진 외국의 경우 분쟁 예방 및 건설 분쟁에 따른 문제점을 최소화하기 위한 클레임 관리 기법의 개발 및 클레임 자료의 데이터베이스화 빙반에 관한 연구가 지속적으로 이루어져 왔으나, 국내의 경우 최근 클레임 발생 건수의 급속한 증가 추세에도 불구하고 이에 대한 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 클레임 판례/사례, 유권해석 및 법률조항의 분석을 통해 규명된 원인요소를 중심으로 클레임의 예방과 해결을 위한 분류체계 및 알고리즘을 개발하고, 웹 및 데이터베이스 기술을 활용하여 건설 프로젝트 참여 주체들이 자신의 클레임 사안들을 보다 쉽게 분석하고 예방과 해결을 위한 의사결정을 지원할 수 있도록 하는 전산화 시스템을 개발하는 것이다. 개발 시스템의 활용을 통해 건설 프로젝트 참여 주체는 클레임 판례/사례, 유권해석, 법률조항, 책임관계 및 타당성 등을 체계적으로 분석하여 예측 가능한 클레임을 사전에 대비하고 발생된 클레임 사안에 효과적으로 대처하여 클레임 처리 업무의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Recently, construction claims have been increased for protecting the rights of construction participants and effectively adjusting the changes under the contract. Thus, the importance of claim management has been emphasized in the construction industry. In domestic construction industry, some claim issues involved in construction activities are often being developed into disputes and even litigations because of the absence of methods or systems for the dispute resolution, and the lack of judicial precedents which can be provided as the references for resolving a particular dispute. In general, the judicial precedents related to the disputes and litigations occurred among construction participants would be extremely valuable in evaluating and analyzing current claims issues. However, such useful information has not been effectively accumulated and utilized in resolving the similar or sometimes identical types of disputes, thus requiring a large amount of additional costs, time and efforts. The primary objective of this study is to propose a web-based decision support system for construction claim management, which enables contractual participants to easily access and use the information of the judicial precedents related to the current construction claims. The decision support system is composed of 'prevention' and 'settlement' modules for avoiding and systematically resolving the construction claims.

천마(天麻)가 뇌조직출혈(腦組織出血) 흰쥐의 뇌부종(腦浮腫)과 Aquaporins 발현에 미치는 영향

손낙원 ( Nak Won Sohn ),이주용 ( Ju Yong Lee ),구자승 ( Ja Seung Ku ),이동은 ( Dong Eun Lee ),신정원 ( Jung Won Shin ),김성준 ( Seung Joon Kim ) 대한본초학회 2010 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

Objectives: This study aimed at evaluation of the effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on brain edema and aquaporin water channel expressions in the brain. Methods: Brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Then ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma was treated once a day for 3 days. Brain edema % and water contents, and cell size of neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined. Immuno-histochemistry was processed for AQP4, AQP1, and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analysis. Results: 1. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced brain edema of ICH induced rats significantly. 2. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced excessive brain tissue water contents of ICH induced rats significantly. 3. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced cellular edema of neurons in cerebral cortex of ICH induced rats significantly. 4. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP4 immuno-positive area % in cerebral cortex and external capsule of ICH induced rat brain significantly. 5. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP9 immuno-positive area % in glia limitans externa of ICH induced rat brain significantly. Conclusions: These results suggest that Gastrodiae Rhizoma reveals protective effects against brain edema and cytotoxic edema of neurons by means of down-regulation of AQP4 expression in the brain.

수술 절제 후 재발된 결핵성 간농양의 재절제 치료 경험

백낙원(Nak Won Baek),김인후(In Hu Kim),강수환(Suh Whan Kang),이동식(Dong Shik Lee),박원규(Won Kyu Park),윤성수(Sung Su Yun),김홍진(Hong Jin Kim) 대한외과학회 2005 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.68 No.6

Backward Energy Flow Management Scheme을 이용한 주택용 연료전지 열병합 발전시스템 통합 시뮬레이션 연구

공낙원(Nak-won Kong),엄석기(Sukkee Um),유상필(Sangphil Yu),김민진(Minjin Kim),이진호(Jinho Lee),이원용(Won-Yong Lee) 대한기계학회 2006 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2006 No.6

Operational strategy for a CHP system has a strong effect on the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs)/battery hybrid system. The performance of the integrated CHP system also depends on the efficiencies of fuel cells and peripheral components. In this study, the PEFC/battery hybrid system are laid out for the electrical load, while the thermal storage tank and additional boiler are assumed for the thermal load. Steam methanol reforming systems are configured to simulate hydrogen extraction process, followed by water gas shift reactor and PROX to improve the quality of hydrogen. Considering the systematic efficiencies of every flow processes and seasonal variations of CHP loads, backward energy flow management schemes are developed using MATLAB for the integrated CHP systems.

발전기 보호제어를 위한 Bay Controller 설계에 관한 연구

張樂元(Nak-Won Jang),禹天熙(Chun-Hee Woo),李聖煥(Sung-Hwan Lee) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 P Vol.57 No.1

In this paper, we designed the bay control unit that is based on the microprocessors and integrates with the new technology of electrical, electronic, and mechanical fields. Nowadays the customers have required much more integrated multi-protection relay, monitoring, control devices and power management for better and easier maintenance, performance, electrical system analysis and communication according to new trend of switchboard. This bay controller supplies those requirements of customers with easy handling and operation. This bay controller provides a graphic display with rear-lit liquid crystal LCD and push buttons as kinds of HMI(Human Machine Interface). This bay controller provides the parameter setting program, control setting program, various editors and fault recording and analysis program on Windows/95/98/NT/2000/XP for HMI. In addition, this bay controller can be set manually and this manual setting function helps user to interface easily.

유두상 갑상선암에서 내경정맥 림프절 생검의 의의

백낙원(Nak-Won Baek),강수환(Su-Hwan Kang),이수정(Soo-Jung Lee) 대한외과학회 2007 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.73 No.6

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis and the clinical role of internal jugular LN (IJLN) sampling in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and who had a preoperatively undetected cervical LN. Methods: One-hundred sixty-three patients with PTC (1 ㎝ in diameter) without clinical evidence of cervical LN involvement were entered the study. All patients the received central compartment node dissection (CCND) and IJLN sampling after total thyroidectomy. We retrospectively analyzed the correlation between the metastatic rate of IJLN and the known risk factors for cervical LN metastasis in the PTC patients. The correlation between the status of the central compartment LN and IJLN metastasis was analyzed. Results: The overall metastatic rate of the central compartment LN and the IJLN was 74.8% and 50.3%, respectively. The metastatic rate of the IJLN was significantly associated with the male gender (P=0.046), primary tumor size (>2 ㎝, P=0.003) and multiplicity (P=0.006) of the PTC. A young patient age, bilaterality and extracapsular invasion did not achieve statistical significance (P>0.05). The presence of central compartment LN metastasis was a statistically significant risk factor for IJLN metastasis, especially when the rate of central compartment LN metastasis was higher than 50% in the individual patients. Conclusion: According to our study, male gender, a large tumor size (>2 ㎝), multiplicity and the presence of central compartment LN metastasis is considered to be important risk factors for IJLN metastasis in PTC patients. IJLN sampling might be proposed as a relevant tool for making the decision to perform lymphadenectomy in PTC patients with a preoperatively undetected cervical LN.

남해안 주요 하구 갯벌 퇴적물의 탈질소화를 통한 질소 영양염 제거

허낙원,이지영,최재웅,안순모,Heo, Nak-Won,Lee, Ji-Young,Choi, Jae-Ung,An, Soon-Mo 한국해양학회 2011 바다 Vol.16 No.2

남해안의 주요 하구 4곳(순천만, 섬진강, 고성천, 마산만)과 서해안의 태안 근소만 갯벌에서 2009년 3월부터 2010년 5월까지 유기물 정화능력을 파악할 수 있는 퇴적물 산소요구량(Sediment Oxygen Demand; SOD)과 탈질소화(Denitrification)를 측정하였다. 퇴적물 산소요구량은 퇴적물 배양 중 시간당 용존산소감소율로 부터 추정되었으며, 탈질소화 측정에는 질소 안정동위원소를 추적자로 이용하는 isotope paring technique이 사용되었다. 조사지역의 퇴적물 산소요구량과 탈질소화율은 각각 -5.1~24.6 mmole $O_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$와 0.0~3.9 mmole $N_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$의 범위를 보였다. 퇴적물 산소요구량이 가장 높은 곳은 마산만(평균 = 10.2(범위 =-2.2~19.2 mmole $O_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$)이었으며, 순천만, 고성, 태안, 섬진강 순으로 나타났다. 탈질소화율도 마산만(평균 = 1.0(범위 =0.0~3.9) mmole $N_2 m^{-2}d^{-1}$이 가장 높았으며, 고성, 섬진강, 순천만, 태안 순으로 나타났다. 태안, 섬진강, 마산 지역에서는 계절적으로 저서미세조류에 의한 광합성이 탈질소화에 뚜렷한 영향을 미쳤는데 광합성 동안 생성된 산소는 혐기성과정인 탈질소화를 저해하기 보다는 질산화를 원활하게 하여, 질산화-탈질소화 연계과정을 촉진시켰다. 남해안 허구에서 탈질소화의 계절변화 유형(봄철 최대 유형과 여름철 최대 유형)의 지역적 차이는 탈질소화에 사용되는 두 질산원($D_w$; 강을 통해 공급된 질산과 $D_n$; 질산화-탈질소화 연계과정에 의해 생성된 질산)의 상대적 중요성에 따라 결정되었다. 즉 봄철에 탈질소화가 높게 나타난 순천만, 고성, 마산은 여름철에 비해 봄철 수층 질산염이 풍부하였고, 이를 통해 $D_w$가 증가되었다. 태안과 섬진강 지역이 여름철에 탈질소화 최대값을 보인 이유는 수층의 질산염이 고갈되지 않은 상태에서 여름철 수온의 증가로 $D_w$가 증가하였고, 이와 더불어, 산소고갈이 나타나지 않아 질산화에 좋은 환경이 조성되었으며, 결과적으로 $D_n$이 증가되었기 때문이다. Sediment oxygen demand(SOD) and denitrification rates were measured in four major estuaries(Suncheon Bay, Seomjin river estuary, Goseong stream estuary and Masan Bay) in south coast of Korean peninsula from March of 2009 to May 2010 to estimate organic matter cleaning capacity. SOD was estimated from the temporal dissolved oxygen concentration change and isotopic pairing technique was employed to measure denitrification. Sediment oxygen demand(SOD) was ranged from -5.1 to 24.6 mmole $O_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$ and denitrification rate was ranged from 0.0 to 3.9 mmole $N_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$in the study area. SOD was the highest in Masan Bay(-2.2 to 19.2, average = 10.2 mmole $O_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$) and Suncheon, Goseong, Tae-an and Seomjin followed. Denitrification was also the highest in Masn Bay(0.0 to 3.9, average = 1.0 mmole $N_2m^{-2}d^{-1}$) and Goseong, Seomjin, Suncheon and Taean followed. The effect of benthic photosynthesis by microphytobenthos on denitrification was evident in some season of Tae-an, Seomjin, and Masn Bay. The increased oxygen level produced by photosynthesis stimulated nitrification without severe adverse effect on denitrification and, as a result, coupled nitrification and denitrification was enhanced in these areas. A difference of seasonal patterns of denitrification at each site depended on relative importance of denitrification on different nitrate source($D_w$: nitrate from water column and $D_n$: nitrated produced during nitrification). Denitrification was maximum during spring in Goseong, Suncheon and Masan Bay. On the contrary, denitrification was the highest during summer in Tae-an and Seomjin estuary.

(Pb<SUB>1-x</SUB>La<SUB>x</SUB>)(Zr<SUB>0.5</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.5</SUB>)O₃ 박막의 La 치환량에 따른 특성

장낙원(Nak-Won Jang),이성환(Seong-Hwan Lee),이동영(Dong-Young Yi),김동훈(Dong-Hun Kim) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.30 No.8