ACCase 저해 제초제 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 경남지방 수집종 피의 저항성

원종찬,원옥재,하준,임일빈,강광식,변종영,박기웅,이증주,Won, Jong Chan,Won, Ok Jae,Ha, Jun,Im, Il-Bin,Kang, Kwang Sik,Pyon, Jong Yeong,Park, Kee Woong,Lee, Jeung Joo 한국잡초학회한국잔디학회 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.2

Repeated use of ACCase inhibiting herbicides for a long time has resulted in increases of resistant Echinochloa oryzicola populations in paddy fields in middle west area of Korea. This study aims to investigate current status of herbicide resistant E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do, in which there is less information about herbicide resistance. For resistance frequency and dose-response study, seeds from 100 individual plants of E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do were collected and tested with cyhalofop-butyl. Seven percent of plants from Gyeongsangnam-do was resistant at a recommended rate of cyhalofop-butyl. $GR_{50}$ values (herbicide rates required to reduce plant growth 50%) for one representative resistant populations and five susceptible populations were $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ and 66-234 (average 147)$g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, indicating average 5 times difference in resistance. Although lower rate of frequency of herbicide resistance in Gyeongsangnam-do than in Jeollabuk-do, increases of herbicide resistance are expected in this area because of increases of direct seeded rice fields and increases of dependence on a specific herbicide. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor herbicide resistance regularly and conduct integrated herbicide resistance management in this area. 경남지역 제초제 저항성 피의 발생현황과 저항성 정도를 알아보기 위하여 벼 재배 논에서 100개체의 피 종자를 수집하여 ACCase 저해제인 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 약량반응 실험을 수행한 결과, 수집한 피의 7%가 저항성으로 조사되었다. 선발된 감수성 5개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 평균 $147g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$로 나타났고, 함양 지역의 저항성 개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ 로 R/S (ratio of resistance to sensitivity)값은 5.01배로 나타났다. 현재 경남지역에서의 저항성 피의 발생 수준은 낮은 것으로 나타났지만, 저항성 피의 확산을 지연시키거나 막기 위해서는 주기적인 저항성 피의 모니터링과 체계적인 저항성 잡초 관리방안을 마련하여 수행할 필요가 있다.

철근콘크리트 건물의 리모델링을 위한 보-기둥 접합부의 내진성능 개선기술

하기주,신종학,최민권,박효선,장우혁 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

In this study, experimental research was carried out to evaluate the earthquake-resistant performance of reinforced concrete beam-column joint using carbon fiber materials in existing reinforced concrete building. Test result shows that Retrofitting specimen (RPC-CP2, RPC-CR, RJC-CP, RJC-CR) designed by the improvement of earthquake-resistant performance and ductility using new materials(carbon fiber board, carbon fiber rod and carbon fiber sheet) could attained more load-carrying capacity and stable hysteretic behavior.

신이식환자에서 Thiopurine Methyltransferase의 활성이 Azathioprine 치료에 미치는 영향

조주연,배균섭,유경상,이소영,장인진,신상구,김상준,하종원,안규리 大韓臨床藥理學會 2000 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

국제물품매매계약에서의 위험부담

하삼주,김종윤 건국대학교 사회정책연구소 2001 사회과학연구 Vol.14 No.1

철근 또는 강판을 이용한 철근콘크리트 전단벽의 휨성능개선에 관한 실험연구

하기주,서수연,신종학,최민권 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

The purpose of this paper is to study retrofit methods for improving the flexural capacity of RC shear wall. Four RC shear wall specimens are designed and strengthened by using reinforcement or steel plate. Cyclic loads are applied to the specimen under constant axial force. Test result shows that the strength and ductility of specimen is improved when it is strengthened using reinforcement or steel plate. The specimen retrofitted by using steel plate shows high ductility. However the strength contribution of one is not much. It is shown that the most effective method is both to install the additional flexural reinforcement and to confine the ends of wall.

해상유류오염에 의한 손해

하삼주,김종윤 건국대학교 사회정책연구소 1999 사회과학연구 Vol.12 No.-

고강도 철근콘크리트 부재의 부착특성

申鍾學,河基柱,朴秉基 慶一大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

In this experimental study, thirty-six specimens were constructed and tested to determine bond stress-slip characteristics of reinforcing bar embedded in concrete. Considering actual bond stress-slip relationships in the interface between reinforcing bar and concrete allows for a realistic prediction of cracking. Based on the test observations and the analysis of the test data, the following conclusions are made. (1) Bond stress-slip relationships were found in variance with concrete strength, concrete cover, bar diameter, and bond length, which were very important factors to evaluate the bond characteristics. (2) In this experimental program each specimen were showed the splitting failure, pull-out failure, and bond yielding failure mode due to the combination of design factors through this experimental program. For the high-strength concrete, test specimens, used in small size diameter(D13), were showed in splitting failure with impact sound. And it was also found that the failure mode were difference in the bar diameter. (3) in the same case of concrete strength concrete, it was found that the maximum bond stress was deeply influence in embedded bond length. (4) Maximum bond stress from test results was very higher than values by ACI 318-89 Code. Therefore, ACI 318-89 Code for the bond design was very satisfactory in reinforced concrete structures. It was thought that the optimal formulas of maximum bond stress should be proposed for the optimal design.

뇌 경막하 축농

송준석,하은주,이종수,이승재,박효일 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.12

Subdural empyema is relatively uncommon condition. characterized by purulent collection in the subdural space. Having presented a fulminating clinical course with very high morbidity and mortality. it is conconsidered as a neurosurgical emergency. In recent years, the mortality of subdural empyema has significantly diminished due to rapid diagnosis, aggressive antibiotic therapy and timely surgical intervention. The condition remains a diagnostic challenge ; CT scanning cannot be relied upon although the use of intravenous contrast and more modem scanner has improved the diagnostic yield. MRI offers earlier and more accurate diagnosis of computed tomographically suspected lesion. We report cases of subdural empyemas. which were diagnosed with MR and operaton. We treated one case successfully and the other postoperative case unsuccessfully owing to a delayed diagnosis.

연안 도시 대기오염 물질의 농도분포 특성

박종길,석경하,김지형,차주완 한국환경과학회 2002 한국환경과학회지 Vol.11 No.12

This paper aims to find the characteristics of concentration distribution of coastal urban air pollutants. For this purpose, It was used the daily meteorological data and hourly concentration data O_3 and NO_2 in Busan metropolitan city from 1994 to 1996. It was investigated the annual and monthly distribution of ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentration at each site in Busan, and also investigated the characteristics of concentration change of air pollutants with time under the sea breeze. As a results, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide and ozone tend to be increased every year and nitrogen dioxide concentration is higher than ozone concentration at all site in Busan. The concentration of ozone is high in summer season and low in winter season, but the concentration of nitrogen dioxide have a reversed trend. The monthly peak concentration of ozone occurred in April and September, while the monthly minimum concentration of nitrogen dioxide occurred in August. Their trend were indentified by sites near the coastline than sites stands apart from the coastline. The sea breeze occurred annual mean 81 days in Busan from 1994 to 1996. The main wind direction of sea breeze was classified into southeasterly. In case of southwesterly, It was pronounced the south wind and southwest wind. In case of southeasterly, the occurrence frequency of east wind was high. Especially, the concentration of urban air pollutants, such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide, were high on time which the sea breeze flow, and the areas that ozone concentration was high moved from outside part to central part of city with time. In costal urban such as Busan, the wind direction of sea breeze is influenced the influenced the change of ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentration on time which the sea breeze flow at each site and air pollutants concentration of sites on the pathway of sea breeze.

철근콘크리트 프레임면내 조적벽체의 내진성능 개선 기술 개발

申鍾學,河基柱,崔民權 慶一大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Experimental programs were accomplished to improve and evaluate the structural performance of test specimens, such as the hysteretic behavior, the maximum horizontal strength, crack propagation, and ductility etc. Test variables are restraining factors of frame, with or without masonry infilled wall, and masonry method. Six reinforced concrete rigid frame and masonry infilled wall were tesed and constructed in one-third scale size under vertical and cyclic loads simultaneously. For masonry infilled wall with restraining factors of frame, maximum horizontal capacities were increased by 1.26∼2.24 times in comparision with that of rigid frame. For masonry infilled wall with restraining factors of frame(IFWB-1), cumulated energy dissipation capacities wear increased by 1.60 times in comparision with that of masonry infilled wall(IFB-1) at final stage of testing.