DMA의 UV Spectrum에 미치는 용매효과

安聖賢,具質子 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1964 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.5

The ultraviolet spectrum of each substance is different and it is effected by the polarity of solvent which is used. We melt down DMA (N-N´-dimethyl aniline) in solvent, make the solvent to standard solution. And we measure the absorbance of DMA with the Beckmann DU Spectrophotometer. From this data we find the maximum value of the absorption-band, and find ε, extinction coefficient by the law of Beer-Lambert. Then we can know about the influence of the solvent to the absorption band.

다기준 의사결정 방법에 응용한 흐름생산방식에서의 작업순서

안춘수,조성구 동국대학교 산업기술환경대학원 1996 산업기술논총 Vol.3 No.-

In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient heuristic method to determine job sequencing in the flow-shop considering multiple criteria such as processing time, due date and cost. The proposed method is applicable to the flow-shop were the jobs are released simultaneously and their processing sequence is predetermined and not changed until the whole jobs are processed. To develop this method, we mixed and modified some well-known multi-attribute decision heuristics such as the simple linear weighting scheme, the lexicographic rule and the 'elimination by aspect' rule. Some computer simulations were conducted to test the efficiency of the proposed method and it has been compared with the SWPT(Shortest Working Processing Time) rule and EDD (Earliest Due Date) rule. The results show that our method is as effective as the traditional ones in terms of mean flow time, tardiness, makespan, cycle time, machine utilization, etc., and proved to be much simpler and more flexible to be used in real situations.

광대역 음성 부호화기를 위한 MP(Matching Pursuit)알고리즘과 파라미터 양자화기

안영욱,정규혁,이인성 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2005 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.13 No.1

본 논문에서는 고대역(4kHz-8kHz)의 주기적 성분이 강하게 나타나는 신호에 대해서 MP(Matching Pursuit) 알고리즘을 이용한 부호화 방법을 제안한다. 또한 분석된 스펙트럴 크기 파라미터와 위상 파라미터의 효율적인 양자화 방법을 제안한다. MP 알고리즘은 오류 상쇄 원리와 정현파 모델에 바탕을 두고 있기 때문에 정확한 피치 주기 예측이 필요하다. 고대역의 정확한 피치 주기 예측을 위해 저대역(0kHz-4kHz) 신호에서 검출한 피치 주기를 이용함으로써 고대역 신호의 부호화와 비트할당의 효율을 높일 수 있다. 스펙트럴 크기값 계수들에 대해 고정 차원 이산 코사인 변환 (MDCT: Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) 및 다단계(multi-stage) 구조를 결합시킨 양자화 기법을 사용하고, 스펙트럴 위상 값들은 스펙트럴 크기에 따른 가중치 필터와 위상의 2π 순환 특성을 이용하여 양자화한다. 또한 제안한 양자화 기법과 부호화 방법을 음성 분석-합성(analysis / synthesis) 시스템에 적용하여, 목적 신호와의 비교를 통해 검증한다. In this paper, we propose a coding method using a matching pursuit algorithm in strong-periodic highband signal. Also, we propose an efficient quantizer for the analyzed parameters; spectral magnitude and phase. Based on the error concealment principle and sinusoidal model, MP agorithm requirs the high-precision pitch period. To estimate more accurate pitch period, the refined pitch obtained from lowband speech is used, which increases the efficiency of bit allocation. Spectral magnitude parameters are quantized by the method which is combined with MDCT(Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) and multi-stage structure. Spectral phase quantizer uses the 2π modular characteristic of phases and the function weighted by spectral magnitudes. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method, we applied to analysis-by-synthesis system.

대퇴골 골절 환자에서 전신마취 시 발생한 숨겨진 뇌동맥류 파열 : 증례보고 A case report

안기량,유인상,강규식 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) occurs rarely during general anesthesia. It can occur in patients with intracranial aneurysm, hypertension, vascular malfomation, malignancy and blood dyscrasia. We experienced a case of death from massive intracerebral hemorrhage during the genernal anesthesia. she did not show any abnormal neurological sign, physical examination and coagulation abnormality on arrival in the operation room. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and succinylcholine and maintained with 50% N2O and 2.0-3.0 vol% enflurane in oxygen. After operation, the patient showed delayed recovery from anesthesia and both pupils were dilated without light reflex. Immediate computerized tomogram (CT) of brain revealed hemorrhage in the right basal ganglia, frontotemporoparietal lobe and entire ventricles. An emergency craniectomy was peformed to remove the hematoma. Therefore high intracranial blood pressure relating to general anesthesia could be considered the possible etiology. We concluded that ICH can unexpectedly develop during perioperative and after postoperative, and that close monitoring of the patient and adequate management are essential.

직업적 연폭로에서 혈중 연량 수준에 따른 선별검사로서의 혈중 ZPP 검사의 타당도

한구석,안현철,김용배,리갑수,김화성,황규윤,장봉기,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1999 순천향산업의학 Vol.5 No.1

In order to evaluate the validity of current screening criteria of lead exposure and to provide effective information for the better health management of lead workers, author investigated the interrelationship between blood lead and blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) and evaluate the validity of blood zinc protoporphyrin as the screening test and blood lead as gold standard of diagnostic test. The total of 2245 lead workers (male workers: 1982, female workers : 263) from 12 lead using industries were studied. Blood lead, ZPP, hemoglobin and hematocrit were selected as lead exposure variables. Personal information on sex, age and work duration were also checked. Blood lead was measured with flameless atomic absorption spectrometry (model: Hitachi 8100) using standard addition method. Blood ZPP was measured with portable hematoflurometer (model: Aviv 206). The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean blood lead of all lead workers were 0.7±14.3㎍/㎗(Male: 31.0±14.4㎍/㎗, Female: 28.2±12.9㎍/㎗), whereas the mean blood ZPP of those were 68.1±47.5㎍/㎗(Male: 63.9±43.7㎍/㎗, Female: 100.1±61.0㎍/㎗). The mean value of hemoglobin and hematocrit of all lead workers were 14.5±1.5g/㎗(Male: 14.7±1.3g/㎗, Female: 12.3±1.2g/㎗) and 45.4±3.6(Male: 46.2±2.8, Female: 39.5±3.1) respectively. 2. Validity of test using blood zinc protoporphyrin as screening test for blood lead levels of 30㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that the highest validity value for male and female lead workers were 50 and 90 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP respectively, showing 50 and 60 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP for all lead workers. While those test for blood lead levels of 40㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that the highest validity value for male and female lead workers were 60 and 90 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP respectively, showing 60 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP for all lead workers, those test for blood lead levels of 50 and 60㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that the highest validity value for male and female lead workers were 60 or 70 and 100 ㎍/㎗ ZPP respectively, showing 60and 70 or 80 ㎍/㎗ of ZPP for all lead workers. 3. Predictive value of test using blood zinc protoporphyrin as the screening test for different blood lead levels of 30, 40, 50 and 60㎍/㎗ as gold standard of diagnostic test revealed that positive predictive value of screening test were decreased by the increase of blood lead level regardless of csreening criteria value ZPP and negative predictive value of screening test were increased accordingly regardless of screening criteria value of ZPP. On the other hand, within same blood lead level as a gold standard positive predictive values were inceased by the increase of screening criteria value of ZPP, whereas the negative predictive value were decreased accordingly by the the increase of screening criteria value of ZPP. 4. The correlation analysis of all lead workers among study variables revealed that CPbB and natural log transformation ZPP(LZPP) were better correlated with other variables and found to be better estimate than PbB and ZPP themselves. The age was correlated with all other variables, but the work duration was not. The correlation analysis of male and female workers among study variables revealed the same results with all lead workers. 5. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with ZPP in female workers(3.223)was steeper than in male workers(2.144). That of lead workers with work duration of less than 1 year was steeper than that of lead workers whose work duration was more than 1 year. But there was no slope difference between two groups divided by their work duration of 2 years less and more. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB lead (independent variable)with ZPP in lead workers whose blood lead were higher than 30㎍/㎗and 40㎍/㎗ were steeper than those whose blood lead were less than 30㎍/㎗ and 40㎍/㎗. 6. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with ZPP in lead industries with low mean blood lead were less steeper than those with high mean blood lead. 7. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with LZPP in female workers(0.0308was steeper than in male workers(0.0253). That of lead workers with work duration of less than 1 year was steeper than that of lead workers whose work duration was more than 1 year. But where was no slope difference between two groups divided by their work duration of 2 years less and more. While the slope of simple linear regression of CPbB lead (independent variable) with LZPP in lead workers whose blood lead were hogher than 30㎍/㎗ was not steeper than those whose blood lead were less than 30㎍/㎗, there was no slope difference between two groups whose blood lead were less than 40㎍/㎗ and more than 40㎍/㎗. 8. The slope of simple linear regression of CPbB (independent variable) with LZPP in lead industries with low mean blood lead were less steeper than those with high mean blood lead, but the difference was not significant then that of CPbB and ZPP. With above results, it is recommended that the screening criteria value of ZPP should be down to 60-70㎍/㎗ from 100㎍/㎗ for male lead workers and screening criteria of ZPP for female lead workers was all right with current value of 100㎍/㎗. So it is recommended to make different screening criteria of ZPP for male and female workers like the hemoglobin and hematocrit screening criteria. It is also preferable to use CPbB and LZPP rather than uncorrected PbB and ZPP in the evaluation of lead exposure for lead workers.

유유아 및 성장기 아동을 위한 영양식품 개발에 관한 연구 : (Ⅲ) F-F-3, F-F-4 급식영아의 임상적 관찰 (Ⅲ) Clinical Observation on Infant Feeding of the Mixtures

김용거,안성근,최조자,이규은,이현금 대한소아과학회 1970 小兒科 Vol.13 No.9

단방향 네트워크의 신뢰도 계산에 관한 연구

정지안,조성구 동국대학교 산업기술대학원 1993 산업기술논문집 Vol.1 No.-

This study presents a reliability computation method for directed networks with unreliable components. The unreliable components' failure probabilities are assumed to be known and statistically independent. The computation method is essentially composed of two steps.In the first step, the possible inverse paths from the terminal node are searched for and simultaneously parallelized at each stage. This process is continued until the source node is finally reached. In the second step, the network reliability is calculated from this parallelized diagram by producing disjoint terms composed of all components. The reliability expressions can be directly obtained from these disjoint terms. In order to verify this suggested method, the reliability of an example network given in reference is calculated. The results show that this method requires a relatively small amount of calculation. However, it is found out that the method cannot be applied to all network types. In this respect, the future research should be one that enhance the applicability of the suggested method to other type of networks.

화학공정 위험영향 평가기술에서의 다중요소분석기법을 이용한 사고시나리오 산정에 관한 전략

김구회,이동언,김용하,안성준,윤인섭 한국화재소방학회 2001 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.15 No.4

현재 전세계적으로 공장내(on-site)뿐만 아니라 공장외지역(off-site)에 대한 사고영향평가의 필요성이 대두되고 있으며, 공장외지 역에 대한 영향평가 수행후 이에 대한 적절한 비상계획을 제출하도록 하고 있고, 국내에서도 종합적위험관리체계(IRMS ; Integrated Risk Management System)를 PSM이나 SMS와 더불어 시행 준비중에 있다. 그러나 공장외지 역에 대한 위험영향 평가시 가장 먼저 결정되어야할 가상시나리오에 대한 기준이 체계적으로 마련되어 있지 않아 사용자나 분석자에 따라 평가결과가 다양하게 나오며, 또한 공정에서 발생할 수 있는 사고의 이상원을 정확하게 파악하지 못한다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 가상시나리오를 결정하는데 필요한 공정요소를 분석한 후, 분석결과에 따라 발생 가능하고, 먼저 고려되어야 할 시나리오를 산정할 수 있도록 전략을 제시하고자 한다. 분석된 공정요소들은 요소에 따른 가중치를 부여하여 위험등급을 결정한 후 등급에 따른 위험영향 평가를 수행하도록 한다. 분석의 결과는 가상시나리오의 신뢰성을 향상시킴으로써 위험영향평가가 과대평가되는 것을 방지하고, 공정의 설계나 비상계획의 수립시 효과적이고 적절한 대책마련을 유도할 수 있다. This article proposes a strategy for producing accident scenarios in quantitative risk, which is performed in process design or operation steps. Present worldwide chemical processes need offsite risk assessment as well as on-site one. Most governments in the world require industrial companies to submit the proper emergency plans through off-site risk assessment. Korea is also preparing for executing Integrated Risk Management System along with PSM and SMS. However, there have been no systematic approaches and criteria for generating virtual accident scenarios, and it made impossible to get a unified or coherent assessment resell. Without the result, causes of accidents cannot be corralled precisely, To get over these shortcomings, this study analyzed process elements and then proposed a strategy for selecting and generating the accident scenario that is most likely to happen and should be foremost considered. The analyzed process elements are ranked and risk grades determined. According to the grades, risk assessment is performed. The result of analysis enhances the reliability of the generated risk scenario, and prevents some risks from being overestimated. The result should be helpful in process design and emergency planning. Keywords : Off-site risk assessment, Risk management program, Worst case scenario, ES(Equipment Screening) Method, Accident scenario selection

장애,비장애인 휠체어 농구선수의 유산소 능력

김성수,이동희,황부근,신말순,배종진,윤진환,지용석,안희구 한국특수체육학회 2002 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyzed the aerobic capacity of disability· able-bodied wheelchair basketball players. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured during graded maximal exercise test. Exercise time, HRpeak, oxygen uptake(VO_2, L·min^-1, ml·min^-1·kg^-1), carbon dioxide production(VCO_2, L·min^-1), ventilation(L·min^-1) were examined in disability national elite male wheelchair basketball at letes(DA, N = 10), able-bodied wheelchair basketball athletes(AA, N = 10). All data were expressed in means and standard deviation. Exercise time, HRpeak, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, ventilation were not different between groups. In conclusion, aerobic capacity of disability national elite male wheelchair basketball athletes is the same able-bodied wheelchair basketball athletes. These finding suggest that chronic wheelchair basketball training produce local adaptations in the functional upper body musculature.

전계발광소자용 유기물 초박막의 상거동과 피막특성

신길재,박상권,안택,심홍구 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 2000 산업기술논문집 Vol.11 No.1

최근, 여러 가지 형태의 디스플레이 중 고분자 전계발광 디스플레이(ELD)는 여러 가지 장점 때문에 차세대 디스플레이로서 기대를 모으고 있다. 본 연구에서는 ELD용 적색발광체로서 사용가능한 poly(2-methoxy-5-(2.-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene (MEH-PPV)을 합성하고, MEH-PPV와 전하수송층 단분자막을 공기/물 계면에 형성시켰다. 이 Langmuir 단분자막의 상거동과 EL 소자 양극으로 쓰이는 indium-tin oxide (ITO) glass 상으로의 피막특성을 조사하였다. Recently, polymer electroluminescence display (ELD) of various display techniques has drawn much attention due to its advantages such as fast response, low operation voltage and easy fabrication of huge size device. In this study, we synthesized a luminescence material for polymer ELD, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4 -phenylene vinylene (MEH-PPV). The Langmuir monolayers of charge transport layers as well as the MEH-PPV were formed at the air/water interface. We investigated the phase behaviors and the deposition characteristics into indium=tin oxide substrate of the Langmuir monolayers.