황강의 저서성 대형무척추동물의 군집구조에 관한 연구

류성만,전영태,이종욱,차진열 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-

The present study was conducted to determine the community structure in Whang river based on the benthic macroinvertebrates. The survey area included eight sites in Whang river and two sites in Nakdong river and the study was carried out from March of 1995 to February of 1996. The result are as follows; (1) Benthic mactoinvertebrates are composed of a total of 200 species including 114 genera, 71 families, 21 orders, 7 classes in five phyla. A total of 200 species was found in Whang river, however only 66 species were recorded in Nakdong river. 2) Species frequency was different depending on the study area. It ranged from 84-112 species in the upper stream(site 1 to 6) to 71-75 species in the lower stream(site 7 to 8) and 41-58 species in the Nakdong river(site 9 to 10). Taxa with highest species frequency were aquatic insecta. 3) Average number of individuals was 1656.5/0.5㎡ in the whole study aera. Inividual number was variable from 53/0.5㎡ at the site 8 to 296.8/0.5㎡ at the site 4. Taxa with highest individual species frequency were aquatic insecta. 4) Trichoptera and Ephemeroptera were dominant in upper stream, while Chironomidae was the most aboundant group in the lower stream. 5) Average dominance(DI), species richness(RI), species diversity(H'), and evenness(J') were 0.68, 2.71, 3.10 and 0.71, respectively, in the whole study area. The biotic indices in Whang river were relative higher than that of Nakdong river. 6) Functional feeding groups were collectors and shredder at site 1 to 6, filterer at site 7 to 10.

법랑아세포종의 임상병리학적 연구

성일용,류성호,신상훈,김욱규,김종렬,정인교,변기정 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.1

The authors analyzed retrospectively the 60 patients with ameloblastoma who were treated at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital from MArch, 1990 to December, 1995. The results obtained were as follows: There were 26 males (43.3%) and 34 females (56.7%). The peak age of patients was the third decade (41.7%). The majority of cases occurred in the mandible 93.3%, especially in the angle region (91.1%). Eighteen of 60 patients (30.0%) were associated with an impacted tooth, by impacted 3rd molar teeth (16.6%), molar (10.0%), and premolar and canine (3.4%) in order., Fifteen of 60 patients (25%) were associated with an odontogenic cyst, by dentigenous cyst(13.3%), odontogenic keratocyst(8.4%), and radicular cyst(3.3%) in order. Radiographically, there were 32 unilocular types(54.2%) with average age of 24.9±10.8 years, 14 multilocular types(23.7%) with average age of 35.7±17.7 and 13 mixed types(22.0%) with average age of 41.4±15.8. Histopathologically, there were 42 follicular types(70.0%) with average age of 33.7±15.1 years and 18 plexiform types(30.0%) with average age of 26±14.6. Conservertive treatment was performed in the 33 patients(55.0%) and their average age was 25.2±13.9 years and radical treatment in the 27 patients(45.0%) and their average age was 39.3±41.8. Overall recurrence rate was 10%. A consistent correlation between the age of the patient and the radiographic or histologic type of mandibular ameloblastoma was observed. There was a tendency for ameloblastomas of the follicular type to show a multilocular or mixed appearance and for those of the plexiform type to show a unilocular appearance.

사이클링 선수의 슬관절각에 따른 하지동작의 운동학적 분석

류창엽,최성진,박종진,강순용 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.3

This study set out to evaluate the appropriateness of the height of a cycle saddle which was usually set based on a cyclist's experience and simple judgment. For this purpose, there was aroused a need to study what a cyclist's leg movements were according to the knee joint angle, that is, to study how a cyclist's leg joint angles and angular velocity would change at each pedaling. Seven male college cyclists were selected, and their pedaling movements were divided into four phases. The images were taped at 60fields/sec, using two video cameras. The KWON 3D 2.1 program was adopted to calculate and synchronize the 3D coordinates values which were calculated with DLT(Direct Liner Transformation), in order to analyze kinematical factors. The results were as follows: 1) There was found no difference between foot joint angles according to changes of knee joint angles in each phase. But it became clear that Phase 1 and 2 where the foot angle got bigger were the area where the foot joint was expanded and that Phase 3 and 4 where the foot angle got smaller were the area where the foot joint was bent. Accordingly, the area which gives a great indirect impact to the changes of foot joint angles is considered to be the first part of Phase 3 at which point the cycle of pedaling starts. 2) In terms of the difference of foot joint angular velocity according to knee joint angles, there was found a relatively stable deceleration in the decelerating area(Phase 3 and 4) while you could detect faster changes in the acceleration area(Phase 1 and 2) than in the decelerating area. 3) The changes in the angle difference of knee joints according to each knee joint angle showed almost similar patterns for every knee joint. But the patterns had the graph model of the opposite shape to that of the angle difference of foot joints. 4) The research went on to see what kind of difference the knee joint angle made as knee joint angular velocity changed. The changes were unlike the foot joint angular velocity and thus showed relatively slow deceleration and acceleration. And the higher the saddle was set, the bigger the difference of the angular velocity was. 5) The difference of hip joint angles according to knee joint angles made a graph pattern which showed no big correlation with the height of a saddle. 6) In considering how hip joint angular velocity would change according to knee joint angles, the higher a saddle was set, the bigger angular velocity was found in Phase 1 and 2, the area of joint expansion and the smaller angular velocity in Phase 3 and 4, the area of joint bending. Comparisons and analysis were made based on the results above mentioned. The conclusion was that the lower a saddle which was one of the three experiment conditions was set, the smoother the pedaling turned and the bigger the angular velocity was resulted. In other words, when you take a long road cycling with your saddle fixed at a little lower height than the average one, you will consume less physical strength and expect better performance.

석분과 황토를 사용한 건자재 제품 개발 연구

성찬용,류능환,윤준노,김영익,임상혁 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2003 석재연 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

본 연구는 석분과 황토를 사용한 건자재 제품을 개발하기 위하여 황토의 첨가량를 5종류, 석분의 첨가량을 3종류로 하여 총 16종류의 모르타르에 대하여 단위중량, 흡수율, 압축강도, 휨강도, 동탄성계수, 초음파진동속도, 중성화 깊이에 대하여 구명하였다. 단위중량, 압축강도, 휨강도, 동탄성계수 및 초음파진동속도는 황토와 석분의 사용량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, 흡수율과 중성화 깊이는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 주사전자현미경에 의한 관찰에서는 비활성황토의 사용량이 증가할수록 결정이 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 황토의 사용량은 강도적인 측면에서는 결합재량의 40%까지 사용이 가능하고, 흡수율 측면에서는 10%까지 사용이 가능하며, 건자재의 사용목적에 따라 황토의 사용량을 조절하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study is to obtain the basic data for the development of construction materialproducts using stone dust and non-active Hwangto. The results of physical and mechanical properties were as follows. The unit weight, compressive and flexural strengths, dynamic modulus and ultrasonic pulse velocity are decreased with increase of the stone dust and Hwangto. The absorption ratio and neutralization depth are increased with increase of the stone dust and Hwangto. In the results of SEM analysis, the crystals are increased with increase of the non-active Hwangto. Accordingly, the Hwangto may be suitably used as a cement replacement material in the construction material products.

흑연-메소페이스핏치 복합재료의 열이방성

유승곤,김영일,이보성,주혁종 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1986 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.1 No.1

In the development of thermal anisotropic materials with natural graphite powder and pitches as raw materials, extruding and hot-press method were investigated. Pitches should be reformed to mesophase pitch precursor by thermal pretreatment for using as a binder, and the heating rate was recommended within 0.2℃/min in the carbonization process. The tensile strength of axial direction of all specimens was about three times larger than that of radial direction and it could be increased about 25-60% by adding 1% chopped carbon fiber. The thermal expansion coefficient of axial direction was about 1/3-1/5 than that of radial direction and the thermal expansion was repressed by adding carbon fiber. The thermal conductivity of carbon fiber added specimens was increased with increasing the temperature, while that of without carbon fiber was decreased. The thermal conductivity of axial direction was about 8.0-4.58 times larger than that of radial direction by adding carbon fiber in the range of 0-400℃. As a general, properties of hot-pressed specimens were better than those of extruded specimens.

제7차 교육과정에 따른 국어과 읽기·쓰기 수행평가 연구(Ⅰ)

류성기,곽재용,천경록,이원희 한국초등국어교육학회 2002 한국초등국어교육 Vol.20 No.-

이 연구에서는 제7차 교육과정에 따라 초등학교에서 읽기와 쓰기의 수행평가를 실제적으로 적용하는 방안에 대하여 연구하였다. 제7차 국어과 읽기 교과서에서 '되돌아보기' 학습 면을 둔 것은 전체적으로 수행평가를 현실화하는데 긍정적 기여를 하고 있으나 실제로 분석해보니 단원별로 부족한 부분이 많았다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 되돌아보기 학습면을 보완한 학습지와 성취기준, 평가기준, 평가기록표를 개발하였다. 이 방안을 초등학교 교실에 한 학기 동안 적용하고, 수행평가의 현장 적용 가능성과 교수·학습 개선여부를 살펴보았다. 연구 방법은 개발 연구, 사례연구, 질적 연구, 관찰, 면담, 전문가 협의회 개최등의 방법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 교과서 되돌아보기를 보완한 읽기 수행평가 방안은 학생의 읽기 발달에 관한 질적 정보를 수집하는 방법이라는 결론을 얻었다. This paper have developed performance assessment strategies for reading and writing as the 7th Korean National Curriculum, and applied them one elementary school 6th grade classroom during one semester. There is review pages in every reading textbook chapters of 7th korean national curriculum. This contribute to performance assessment. But some of them is not so good. So we developed common tools, achievement standards, assessment standard, report card to compensate review pages, and to apply performance assessments. Method of study is case study, developing study, qualitative study, observation, interview, and panel conference. As a results, this performance assessment strategy could many good developmental informations of students.

MnO₂ 첨가에 따른 무연 BNKTSNL계 세라믹스의 특성 평가

柳盛林,權純容,李美榮 충주대 2004 産業科學論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the lead-free (1-y)wt% [99.5wt%{0.96(Bi_(0.5)(Na_(0.84)K_(0.16))_(0.5)TiO₃)+0.04(SrTiO₃)}+0.3wt%(Nb₂O_(5))+0.2wt%(La₂O₃)] ceramics (BNKTSNL) were investigated as a function of the amount of y wt% MnO2 addition. Both the density and the grain size of the BNKTSNL ceramics increased with increasing the MnO₂ addition. In other words, MnO₂ improved the sintering properties of the BNKTSNL ceramics. Both the electromechanical coupling factor (kp) and the dielectric constant decreased and showed the minimum value of 33.6% and 874 with 0.3wt% MnO₂ addition, respectively. However, the mechanical quality factor(Qm) showed the maximum value of 150 with 0.3wt% MnO₂ addition. The effects of the MnO₂ addition on the piezoelectric properties of BNKTSNL ceramics could be explained in terms of the hardener manganese element.

소방구급대원의 응급처치 적절성 평가와 재교육 필요성

류석용,김원율,김경환,이상래,이경호,김홍용,이승한 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Background: The prehospital emergency medical system(EMS) for 119 rescue has progressed considerably, but leaves much to be desired. To improve prehospital EMS, we need to evaluate prehospital patient care, and reeducation. Methods: The records of 1,882 patients, who visited Sanggye Paik Hospital Emergency Department via 119 rescue from April 1 to July 30, 1999, were analyzed according to the quality of patient care as documented by the 119 rescue protocol and database. Patients are grouped into 5 classes based on the quality of the care received. Class 1A received adequate care, class 1B received inadequate care, class 1C did not receive the necessary care, and class 2A received unnecessary care, class 2B did not receive unnecessary care. The results of such analyses are presented to the fireman at monthly meetings, thus reeducating them. Results: The overall results were 1027 cases in Class 1A(55%), 83 in 1B(4%), 149 in 1C(8%), 21 in 2A(1%), and 602 in 2B(32%). Well performed care(1A+2B) occured in 1629 cases(87%) and badly performed care(1B+1C+2A) occured in 253cases(13%). Well perfomed care gradually increased from April to July (April 83%, May 85%, June 87%, and July 89%). Conclusion: Meticulous appraisal of the quality of prehospital patient care and reeducation through the regular meetings of EMS physicians and firemen in each community is needed for developing a model protocol for indirect retrospective medical control of the prehospital EMS.

형광검출 역상 액체크로마토그래피에 의한 Histamine의 정량

유희춘,김형룡,김상현,김대기,이영미,김형민,안년형,신태용 우석대학교 의약품개발연구소 1996 藥學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

Histamine을 정확하고 신속하게 정량하기 위해 9.Fiuorenylmethyl chloroformate를 형광유도체화제로 하여 역상 HPLC법으로 정량하였다. 히스타민을 형광유도체화할 때 반응액의 pH, 반응시간, 형광유도체화제의 농도 등 최적 반응 조건을 검토하였다. 이 방법으로 히스타민을 분석한 결과 0.1~0.5ug/ml의 농도범위에서 상관계수가 0.922인 양호한 직선성을 나타내었으며 검출한계는 0.01??/ml였다. A rapid and simple method for the determination of histamine by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was established. 9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate(FMOC) was used as fluorescent derivative reagent. The optimum conditions for the derivatiation such as pH, reaction time and he concentration of FMOC were investigated. Linearity of calibration curve was obtained between 0.1ug/ml/and 0.5ug/ml(r=0.922) and the limit of detection was 0.01ug/ml.

가역 투자율 측정에 의한 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V 강의 열화도 평가

유권상,김용일,남승훈,유광민,조육,손대락 한국비파괴검사학회 2000 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.20 No.5

고온에서 운용 중인 설비의 안전성을 평가하기 위해서는 사용기간동안 열화된 재료의 물성을 측정하여야 한다. 실제 사용되고 있는 화력발전소 터빈의 로터에서 열화도가 다른 여러 종류의 시편을 입수하기 어렵기 때문에, 터빈 로터재로 널리 사용되고 있는 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V 강을 인공열화시켜 시편으로 사용하였다. 열화도의 비파괴적 평가를 위하여 교류 섭동 자기장을 인가하여 가역 투자율을 측정하는 자기적 방법을 사용하였다. 열화도의 증가에 따라 경도와 가역 투자율 피크 사이의 간격은 감소하였는데, 경도와 가역 투자율 피크 간격과의 선형관계를 이용하여 비파괴적으로 터빈 로터강의 열화도를 평가할 수 있는 기초를 마련하였다. The integrity of the turbine totors can be assessed by measuring reversible permeability and Vickers hardness of the aged rotors at service temperature. The measurement system of reversible permeability, which measured by applied alternating perturbing magnetic field, was constructed in order to evaluate matrial degradation, nondestructively. The test specimen was 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel used widely for turbine rotor material, and the specimens were prepared by the isothermal heat treatment at 630 ℃. The reversible permeability of the test materials were measured at room temperature. The peak interval of reversible permeability and Vickers hardness decreased with the increase of degradation. The degradation of test material may be determined nondestructively by the lineality of Vickers hardness and the peak interval of reversible permeability.