류마티스 관절염 병인에서 제2형 콜라겐에 대한 면역반응의 역할

정영옥,홍승재,김호연,Jung, Young Ok,Hong, Seung-Jae,Kim, Ho-Youn 대한면역학회 2003 Immune Network Vol.3 No.1

Type II collagen (CII), major component of hyaline cartilage, has been considered as an auto-antigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the clinical and biological significances with regard to the CII autoimmunity need to be clarified in human RA. The presence of antibodies to CII has been identified in sera, synovial fluid, and cartilage of patients with RA. In our study, the increased titer of IgG anti-CII in sera was well correlated with C-reactive protein, suggesting that this antibody may reflect the inflammatory status of RA. The titer of anti-CII antibodies (anti-CII Abs) tended to be higher in early stages of diseases. In our extending study, among 997 patients with RA, 269 (27.0%) were positive for circulatory IgG antibody to CII, those levels were fluctuated over time. It is hard to assess the significant amount of T cell responses to CII and CII (255~274) in RA. By using a sensitive method of antigen specific mixed lymphocyte culture, we can detect the presence of CII-reactive T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of RA patients. Sixty seven (46.9%) of 143 patients showed positive CII reactive T cell responses to CII or CII (255~274). The frequencies of CII reactive T cells were more prominent in inflamed synovial fluid (SF) than in peripheral blood. These T cells could be clonally expanded after consecutive stimulation of CII with feeding of autologous irradiated antigen presenting cells (APC). Moreover, the production of Th1-related cytokine, such as IFN-${\gamma}$, was strongly up-regulated by CII reactive T cells. These data suggest that T cells responding to CII, which are probably presenting the IFN-${\gamma}$ producing cells, may play an important role in the perpetuation of inflammatory process in RA. To evaluate the effector function of CII reactive T cells, we investigated the effect of CII reactive T cells and fibroblasts-like synoviocytes (FLS) interaction on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. When the CII reactive T cells were co-cultured with FLS, the production of IL-15 and TNF-${\alpha}$ from FLS were significantly increased (2 to 3 fold increase) and this increase was clearly presented in accord to the expansion of CII reactive T cells. In addition, the production of IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-17, T cell derived cytokines, were also increased by the co-incubation of CII reactive T cells with FLS. We also examined the impact of CII reactive T cells on chemokines production. When FLS were co-cultured with CII stimulated T cells, the production of IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1${\alpha}$ were significantly enhanced. The increased production of these chemokines was strongly correlated with increase the frequency of CII reactive T cells. Conclusively, immune response to CII was frequently found in RA. Activated T cells in response to CII contributed to increase the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which were critical for inflammatory responses in RA. The interaction of CII-reactive T cells with FLS further augmented this phenomenon. Taken together, our recent studies have suggested that autoimmunity to CII could play a crucial role not only in the initiation but amplification/perpetuation of inflammatory process in human RA.

식품기업의 마케팅 커뮤니케이션 전략에서 광고와 퍼블리시티의 효과 차이 분석

정영옥(Young-Ok Jung),정재엽(Jae-Yeob Jeong),김현철(Hyeon-Cheol Kim) 한국산업경제학회 2016 산업경제연구 Vol.29 No.2

근래 식품기업들은 기업에 대한 소비자의 신뢰를 회복하고 자사 제품에 대한 안전한 정보를 제공하기 위해 다양한 커뮤니케이션 수단을 이용하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 주부를 대상으로 식품 기업의 커뮤니케이션 유형과 소비자의 안전추구행동 수준, 식품의 유형이 메시지신뢰도, 제품사용태도, 제품구매의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 실험설계는 2(커뮤니케이션유형: 광고 vs. 퍼블리시티) × 2(식품유형: 쾌락적 제품 vs. 실용적 제품) × 2(안전추구행동의 수준: 높은 집단 vs. 낮은 집단)으로 하였다. 실험결과 소비자들은 식품의 광고보다 퍼블리시티로 제품에 대한 메시지를 전달할 때 메시지 신뢰도가 높았으며, 제품사용태도와 구매의도도 호의적이었다. 또한 식품의 광고에서는 쾌락적 식품을, 퍼블리시티에서는 실용적 식품을 노출하는 것이 메시지 신뢰도와 제품 사용태도 및 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 커뮤니케이션 유형과 소비자의 안전추구행동의 수준에 따른 상호작용효과를 알아본 연구에서는 안전추구행동이 낮은 집단에게는 광고를, 안전추구행동이 높은 집단에게는 퍼블리시티 형태의 메시지를 제시하는 것이 제품 정보에 대한 메시지 신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The research was structured as a 2 (communication type : advertisement vs. publicity) x 2 (product type : hedonic product vs. utilitarian products) x 2 (safety pursuit behavior : high vs. low). Results show that consumers have more trust for messages that are delivered through publicity (rather than advertisements), and had more positive purchase intentions and product usage behavior. Also, message credibility and purchase intentions were higher for hedonic products when they were exposed through advertisements, while in utilitarian products, publicity increased message credibility, product usage behavior, and purchase intentions. Lastly, in terms of communication types and safety pursuit behaviors, advertisements were more effective on consumers with low safety pursuit behaviors, while publicity was more effective on consumers with high safety pursuit behaviors.

종설 : 통풍의 최신지견

정영옥 ( Young Ok Jung ) 대한내과학회 2009 대한내과학회지 Vol.76 No.5

Gout is a common chronic inflammatory arthritis that can lead to significant disability. Gout is one of the few rheumatologic diseases that can be diagnosed with certainty and can be cured with appropriate therapy. Alcohol and dietary consumption are related to hyperuricemia and gout attacks. A moderate intake of purine-rich vegetables or protein is not related to an increased risk of gout. A weight-reducing, calorie-restricted diet with moderate carbohydrate restriction was beneficial for gout patients and reduced the serum uric acid and frequency of gout attacks, although these findings need to be confirmed. Clinicians should consider therapeutic options that do not increase the serum uric acid when treating associated conditions in gout patients. The acute gout attack can be treated appropriately with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, or glucocorticoids. Hypouricemic treatment reduces the uric acid concentration by inhibiting its production (allopurinol) or enhancing its excretion (benzbromarone). Allopurinol is the agent used most commonly, but the recommended dose often fails to control the serum uric acid. Benzbromarone effectively reduces the serum uric acid, but possible hepatotoxicity should be monitored. Febuxostat, a new xanthine oxidase inhibitor, was recently approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). PEGylated uricase, a potent parenteral hypouricemic agent, is under investigation for the treatment of gout. (Korean J Med 76:538-543, 2009)

고추에서 分離한 微生物의 發育과 Capsaicin의 分解에 關한 硏究

鄭榮玉(Young-Ok Jung),劉太鍾(Tai-Jong Yu) 韓國營養學會 1976 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.9 No.3

중년여성의 사회적지지, 자기효능감, 지각된 건강상태가 노화불안에 미치는 영향

정영옥(Jung, Young-Ok),오효숙(Oh, Hyo-Sook) 한국보건간호학회 2016 韓國保健看護學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effects of middle-aged women’s social support, self-efficacy, and perceived health status on aging anxiety. Methods: Research subjects were 210 middle-aged women between 40 - 60 years living in G-city. Data were collected from July 21<SUP>st</SUP> 2014 to August 8th using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using t-test, One way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: Aging anxiety showed statistically significant differences in religion (t=2.44, p=.015), satisfaction with married life (F=4.39, p=.014), type of leisure activity (F=8.09, p<.001), and number of friends (F=3.23, p=.024). Aging anxiety showed correlation with social support (r=-.21, p=.003), self-efficacy (r=-.46, p<.001), and perceived health status (r=-.33, p<.001). Factors affecting aging anxiety were self-efficacy (β=-.33, p<.001), perceived health status (β=-.23, p<.001), leisure activity type (β=-.16, p=.010), and religious affiliation (β=-.17, p=.038). The predictive power of these variables was 25% (F=18.63, p<.001). Conclusion: Nursing intervention strategies for improving self-efficacy, perceived health status, and leisure activity are required to relieve aging anxiety of middle-aged women.

일부 농촌주민의 건강증진 생활양식 수행정도

정영옥(Young Ok Jung),김상순(Sang Soon Kim) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 1995 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.20 No.2

동풍 ; 통풍의 합병증 치료

정영옥 ( Young Ok Jung ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.3

Chronic tophaceous gout results from long-term uncontrolled hyperuricemia with accumulation of urate crystals in joints, soft tissues, tendon sheaths and bony prominence. Urate-lowering agents should be administered to reduce serum uric acid level to less than 5 mg/dL for tophi reabsorption. Surgical indications include restoration of joint and tendon dysfunction, nerve decompression, debridement of septic joints, pain relief and cosmesis. Gout patients are at greater risk of forming uric acid stones. The renal tubular abnormality related to gout and metabolic syndrome leads to excretion of acidic urine, which favors formation of the relatively insoluble uric acid than more soluble urate. The corner stone of treatment of uric acid stone is urine alkalinization. Lowering serum uric acid with allopurinol and increasing urine volume are also important. Allopurinol is poorly tolerated and ineffective or contraindicated in some patients. Benzbromarone, a uricosuric agent is a useful alternative but possible hepatotoxicity should be monitored. Desensitization of allopurinol can be attempted to patients with mild cutaneous hypersensitivity. For gout patients with chronic renal failure, allopurinol dose need to be adjusted and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colchicine may be contraindicated. (Korean J Med 2011;80:269-272)

무릎 골관절염 환자에서 초음파로 평가된 위중도와 연골 및 활막의 생화학적 지표 간의 상관관계

정영옥 ( Young Ok Jung ),김해림 ( Hae Rim Kim ),강효종 ( Hyo Jong Kang ),유승아 ( Seung Ah Yoo ),나종명 ( Jong Myoung Nah ),조철수 ( Chul Soo Cho ),김호연 ( Ho Youn Kim ),김완욱 ( Wan Uk Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2004 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Objective: Ultrasonography has benefit in detecting soft tissue abnormalities within the joints, which cannot be assessed by conventional X-ray. In this study, we investigated the relationship between soft tissue and/or bony abnormalities on ultrasonography and biochemical markers of synovium and cartilage in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients Methods: Fifty-one knee OA patients who fulfilled the ACR criteria were enrolled in this study. Knee ultrasonography was performed in affected knee joints with a 12 MHz linear probe to assess the presence of effusion, synovial proliferation, capsular distension, length of osteophytes, and thickness of cartilage. At the same time, the serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA) and cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) were measured by ELISA and serum osteocalcin levels were determined by RIA. Results: The patients with longer medial osteophytes showed higher levels of serum HA and COMP than those with shorter ones. Serum HA levels were significantly higher in patients with larger amount of effusion and/or synovial proliferation, suggesting inflammatory changes within the joint, than those without. In addition, the severity of capsular distention was also correlated well with serum HA and COMP levels. However, the length of lateral osteophytes and thickness of femoral cartilage were not correlated with serum HA or COMP levels. Serum osteocalcin levels did not show any association with above ultrasonographic parameters, either. Conclusion: Using knee ultrasonography, we demonstrated that serum HA and COMP levels were elevated in more severe OA patients than less severe patients. This result suggests that detailed pathologic changes in the soft tissue and/or bone of OA joints on ultrasonography are being directly reflected to biochemical markers measured in the peripheral blood.

The Methodological Approach of Action Research in the Field of English Language Teaching

정영옥(Young Ok Jong),정채관(Chae Kwan Jung) 한국영어어문교육학회 2015 영어어문교육 Vol.21 No.2

Qualitative research has been dominant paradigm in social research including English Language Teaching (ELT) for many years. However, there has been a paradigm shift towards qualitative research that has occurred in much recent social research. In addition, there has been a shift towards a new paradigm, often referred as ‘Action Research (AR)’ in which teachers as researchers study situations in effort to improve some aspect of professional practice. In this paper, we will take AR as a much broader approach within the qualitative research stance to see what is happening in educational and ELT research, so that teacher research can enhance the practice of teachers. With this new methodological movement, we have three purposes in this paper: 1) to explore two different methodological approaches within a theoretical perspective; 2) to criticize an example of sustained cross-school AR in order to better illustrate how action research can proceed; and 3) to investigate the application of AR in order to explore its potential for developing collaborative classroom-based AR. We believe that if further AR is to be sustainable by English teachers as researchers, it will be a promising area needing further research in educational and ELT research in Korea.

영미 아동 청소년 문학을 활용한 다독의 유용성 탐색 : 옥스퍼드 리딩 트리를 중심으로

정영옥 ( Jong¸ Young Ok ),정채관 ( Jung¸ Chae Kwan ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2021 교육문화연구 Vol.27 No.4

4차 산업혁명 시대다. 4차 산업혁명 시대는 초연결·초지능 시대일 뿐만 아니라 상상의 시대이기도 하다. 상상력은 인류가 혁신적인 기술과 발명을 하는 데 견인차 역할을 하며, 상상력은 책 읽기를 통해 더욱 풍부해질 수 있다. 책 읽기는 4차 산업혁명 시대의 인재가 갖추어야 할 핵심역량 중 가장 중요한 문해력을 높이는 방법이다. 따라서 세계 각국은 국가경쟁력 강화를 위해 읽기를 더욱 강조하고 있다. 영어교육에서도 원서 읽기에 관한 관심이 증대되었다. 우리나라와 같이 외국어로서의 영어(English as a Foreign Language, EFL) 교육환경에서는 영어 노출이 절대적으로 부족하므로 원서 읽기는 EFL 아동 영어 학습자에게 음소, 파닉스, 어휘와 더불어 이해력을 신장시킬 수 있는 효과적인 방법으로 자리를 잡았다. 특히 방법론적인 측면에서 책 내용에 집중하여 다량의 책을 빠르게 읽는 다독은 목표어 노출량이 절대적으로 부족한 EFL 아동과 청소년 영어 학습자에게 효과적이다. 본 연구에서는 세계적으로 문해력 신장을 위한 읽기가 강조되는 추세에 맞춰 영미 아동 청소년 문학 중에서도 손꼽히는 옥스퍼드 리딩 트리 시리즈를 분석하여 아동과 청소년 영어 학습자의 언어학습에 도움이 될 수 있는 부분을 문화적, 언어적 측면에서 살펴보고 아동 청소년 문학을 활용한 읽기 지도에서의 다독의 유용성을 탐색하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore the cultural and linguistic benefits of extensive reading based on analyses of an English book series for children. The 4th Industrial Revolution era can be characterised as imagination along with hyperconnectivity and superintelligence. Reading can play a fundamental role in technological innovation and invention for future generations. It can also broaden our imagination. Reading has been considered a way to improve literacy, which is one of the core skills in the 21st century. Consequently, many countries have focused on reading development in order to enhance its national competitive power. Reading English books, which is a source of language input identical to the mother tongue, is also drawing attention in the field of English teaching and learning. Particularly, reading English books has been recognised as an effective way to improve phonemes, phonics, vocabulary, and understanding. Similarly, there is no doubt that extensive reading can be the best way to attain these skills in the EFL context, including for Koreans. This study may provide practical considerations through numerous and specific examples.