$Li_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2$계 소지내에 Zircon상 형성에 따른 내열 강화 특성

전덕일,김정욱,이응상 한국세라믹학회 1992 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.29 No.12

The LAS system with good thermal properties has a narrow range of firing and sintering temperature near the melting point. So it is difficult to sinter LAS to dense sintered body. In this study, the petalite (Li2O.Al2O3.8SiO2) with good thermal properties, was taken as a base composition, and zironia was added in this composition to broaden the firing range, increase the mechanical strength, and control the thermal expansion. The thermal and mechanical properties were investigated. The results are as follows; 1. Zirconia phase was formed in LAS matrix and apparent porosity was decreased from 0.9% to 0.5%, and the mechanical strength was kincreased from 112 MPa to 190 MPa, by the densification of body. 2. The composition Li2O.Al2O3.8SiO2 has a negative thermal expansion, but the thermal expansion was changed from negative to positive with the densification and the increase of amount of synthesized zircon phase which had positive thermal expansion. The coefficient of thermal expansion, with the increase of the amount of additives, was low as -0.74~9.06$\times$10-7/$^{\circ}C$ in 20~$600^{\circ}C$, and 7.95~20.13$\times$10-7/$^{\circ}C$ in 20~80$0^{\circ}C$. 3. The mechanical strength of LZ15 (added with ZrO2.SiO2 15 wt%) composition thermal-shocked was stable in the temperature range of 0~$600^{\circ}C$, but rapidly decreased due to the increase of thermal expansion above $600^{\circ}C$.

Cement 공장 kiln보수용 고밀도 gunning 보수

전덕일,차철호,양삼열 한국시멘트협회 1995 시멘트 심포지움 Vol.23 No.-

정신분열증의 기억장애

전덕인,Jon, Duk-In 대한수면의학회 1997 수면·정신생리 Vol.4 No.1

Memory disorder is the most consistent neuropsychological finding in schizophrenia and seems to be a stable trait in it. It is suggested that memory dysfunction found in patients with schizophrenia is primary to biological abnormalities, not secondary to attention deficits they have. Although temporal lobe structures including hippocampus and thalamus have traditionally been thought to be implicated regions for memory disorder in schizophrenia, recent studies indicate the possibility of abnormalities in the frontal lobe and the neural circuits between brain regions. Advanced research methods such as functional imaging technique are expected to produce more detailed informations about memory function in schizophrenia.

한국형 기분장애 질문지의 타당화 연구

전덕인,윤보현,정한용,하규섭,신영철,박원명 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.5

Objectives : This study aims to test the validity of the Korean version of Mood Disorder Questionnaire (K-MDQ), a Screening instrument for bipolar disorder. Methods : A total of 238 subjects (126 DSM-IV bipolar outpatients and 112 controls without psychiatric history) completed the K-MDQ. Results : The Cronbach's alpha, used to measure the internal consistency of the scale, was high (0.88). Principal component analysis with varimax rotation revealed three factors, which explained 59.5% of the variance. Individual item correlations with the total score were all statistically significant (p<0.001). The mean total score of the K-MDQ was 8.48 in bipolar disorder and 4.51 in non-clinical participants. A total K-MDQ score of 7 or more excluding further two questions was chosen as the optimal cutoff, as it provided good sensitivity (0.75) and specificity (0.69). Conclusion : The results of this study showed adequate validity of the K-MDQ, suggesting that this instrument is useful for screening of bipolar disorder.

한국형 양극성 장애 약물치료 알고리듬 2006(IV):급속순환형

전덕인,박원명,이은,윤보현,정상근,김원,신영철,조현상,권준수,서정석,하규섭,민경준 대한정신약물학회 2006 대한정신약물학회지 Vol.17 No.5

Objective: The development of treatment guidelines has emerged as an important element so as to standardize treatment and to provide clinicians with algorithms. From the previous publication of Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Bipolar Disorder(KMAP-BP): rapid cycling in 2002, we revised that in 2006. Methods: The questionnaire to survey the expert opinion of medication for rapid cycling was completed by the review committee consisting of 53 experienced Korean psychiatrists. It is composed of 7 questions, and each question includes various options. We classified the expert opinion to 3 categories based on the lowest category in which the confidence interval fell (6.5≤ for first-line and 3.5≤ for second-line treatment). Results: Generally, 'treatment of choice' for rapid cycling was not demonstrated. The first-line treatment is the combination of a mood stabilizer and an atypical antipsychotic. Combination of two mood stabilizers was preferred as next strategy. Divalproex and lithium were the first-line choice as mood stabilizer. Compared to the surveys in 2002, the preference for lamotrigine and atypical antipsychotics has increased while that of carbamazepine and antidepressant has decreased. Conclusion: With the result of the survey, the discussion in executive committee, and the evidences from clinical studies, we have revised KMAP-BP for rapid cycling.

주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 남아에서 중추신경자극제가 주의력과제 수행 중의 대뇌 기능적 국소화에 미치는 영향

전덕인,송동호,육기환,김경희,신동원,민성길 대한소아ㆍ청소년정신의학회 1998 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.9 No.2

정신분열병 환자에서 정신병의 비치료 기간의 임상적 관련변인

전덕인,이성희,공지은 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : Number of previous studies reported poor treatment outcome of longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). The purpose of this study was to determine whether DUP was associated with clinical and cognitive variables in patients with schizophrenia in Korea. Methods : The data were collected from forty-five patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia who were hospitalized. Demographic data, Psychiatric family history, insight, duration of first hospitalization, age of onset, DUP, cognitive function, and premorbid functioning were assessed. Results : The mean DUP was 23.7 months. Female subjects showed longer DUP (p<0.007) independent of age of onset. No significant correlations were observed between DUP and clinical and cognitive variables except the highest Global Assessment Functioning score in past year (r=-0.35, P=0.02). Conclusion : These findings do not support the hypothesis of a psychotoxic effect of prolonged period of untreated Psychosis.

양극성 장애 환자의 의학적 공존질환:후향적 챠트 조사

전덕인,석정호,최강,윤형준,조현상,김세주,이은 대한우울조울병학회 2007 우울조울병 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives:Little is known about medical comorbidity in bipolar disorder in Korea. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of medical illnesses in bipolar inpatients and the relationship between medical comorbidities and clinical characteristics. Methods:Bipolar patients (n=584) admitted to four training hospitals between 2001 and 2005 were retrospectively investigated. Clinical data, laboratory results, and the presence of medical illnesses were obtained. Results:The most prevalent medical illnesses were cardiovascular diseases (5.8%), thyroid diseases (2.4%), liver diseases (1.9%), and diseases of the central nervous system (1.5%). The most common laboratory abnormalities were anemia, increased AST, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, and leukocytosis. Conclusion:Comorbid medical illnesses are common in bipolar patients. Systematic medical evaluation and treatment should be needed for these patients. (J of Kor Soc for Dep and Bip Disorders 2007;5:30-33)

조중 삽화로 입원했던 환자의 재평가 : 혼재성 삽화 진단의 가능성

전덕인,김경란,이 은,손상준 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.4

Objective : Mixed states are difficult to define precisely and to recognize accurately. Moreover, the DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of a mixed episode might be too restrictive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of a mixed episode in bipolar inpatients hospitalized with DSM-IV manic episodes using the Cincinnati criteria, which is a broader criteria compared to DSM-IV. Methods : Inpatient charts of manic patients were carefully evaluated to determine the presence of depressive symptoms in the Cincinnati criteria. The probable mixed patient group was compared with the definitely manic patient group on demographic and clinical variables. The predictability of depressive symptoms for a mixed episode was assessed. Results : Twenty-one out of 101 manic inpatients were possibly diagnosed as mixed episodes. They showed more psychiatric family history, comorbid personality disorder and suicide attempts. Two symptoms (suicidal ideation and helplessness or hopelessness) had good positive predictive value. Conclusion : Diagnosis of a mixed episode can be increased with careful interview and by using a broader diagnostic criteria. The presence of suicidal ideation and helplessness or hopelessness may suggest a mixed state.

한국형 양극성 장애 약물치료 알고리듬의 적용 가능성(Ⅲ):치료반응과 내약성

전덕인,박원명,신영철,김찬형,민경준,윤보현,김영기,권준수,조현상 대한정신약물학회 2005 대한정신약물학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Objective : The Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology and the Korean Academy of Schizophrenia developed the Korean algorithm project for bipolar disorder to aid clinical decisions. The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment response and the tolerability in the feasibility testing of Korean Medication Algorithm for Bipolar Disorder(KMAP-BP) in clinical settings. Methods : A total of 126 bipolar patients were enrolled at 17 centers. Among them, 92 patients were treated according to the algorithm. All subjects were assessed over a 4-month period. Prescribing investigators were able to change the recommended treatment strategies of the algorithm if necessary. Results : Most patients showed significant decreases(p<0.001) in symptoms measured by the Young Mania Rating Scale and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression at both assessment point 1(about 2 weeks) and 4 months. No significant changes in adverse events were noted between baseline and endpoint. Conclusion : These results suggest that the treatment based on KMAP-BP can be effective and well tolerated in clinical practices. Further research is planned to revise KMAP-BP. 목 적:임상의사의 적절한 결정을 돕기 위해 개발된 전덕인 등 299 한국형 양극성 장애 약물치료 알고리듬의 적용 가능성을 평가하고자 알고리듬을 임상 상황에 사용하였다. 본 연구는 알고리듬에 따른 치료의 반응과 내약성을 조사하고자 시행되었다. 방 법:연구대상의 포함기준은 DSM-Ⅳ에 의거한 18세 이상의 양극성 장애 환자였다. 원칙적으로 약물의 선택, 교체, 단계의 이동 등은 알고리듬에서 추천하는 방법을 따르도록 했으나 연구자의 판단에 의해 언제라도 바꿀 수 있었다. 치료반응의 평가는 YMRS, HAM-D, CGI, GAF를 이용하였고 내약성은 LUNSERS와 UKU를 사용하였다. 모든 환자들은 정해진 시점과 치료 4개월째에 평가를 받도록 하였다. 결 과:총 126명의 양극성 장애 환자가 등록되어 이중 92명이 알고리듬에 의한 치료를 받았다. 연구대상의 대부분은 제 1 형 양극성 장애 조증 환자였다. 치료에 따라 조증 증상과 우울 증상은 점차 유의하게 호전되었고(p<0.001), 4개월째에 이상반응의 유의한 증가는 없었다. 결 론:본 연구결과는 한국형 양극성 장애 약물치료 알고리듬에 의한 치료가 매우 효과적이며 안전하다고 시사한다. 대상 환자의 진단적 문제나 개방형 연구 등의 제한점들을 비롯하여 여기서 논의된 점들을 참조하여 향 후 알고리듬의 개정이 이루어지기를 기대한다.