Atomic Layer Deposition으로 증착된 Al-doped ZnO Film의 전기적, 구조적 및 광학적 특성 분석

임정수,정광석,신홍식,윤호진,양승동,김유미,이희덕,이가원,Lim, Jung-Soo,Jeong, Kwang-Seok,Shin, Hong-Sik,Yun, Ho-Jin,Yang, Seung-Dong,Kim, Yu-Mi,Lee, Hi-Deok,Lee, Ga-Won 한국전기전자재료학회 2011 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.24 No.6

Al-doped ZnO film on glass substrate is deposited by ALD in low temperature, using 4-step process (DEZ-$H_2O$-TMA-$H_2O$). To find out the optimal film condition for TCO material, we fabricate Al-doped ZnO films by increasing Al doping concentration at $100^{\circ}C$, so that the Al-doped film of 5 at% shows the lowest resistivity ($1.057{\times}10^{-2}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$) and the largest grain size (38.047 nm). Afterwards, the electrical and physical characteristics in Al-doped films of 5 at% are also compared in accordance with increasing deposition temperature. All the films show the optical transmittance over 80% and the film deposited at $250^{\circ}C$ demonstrates the superior resistivity ($1.237{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$).

Vitek 2 Compact System을 이용한 Bacillus licheniformis의 동정 및 NH₃ 저감효과

임정수,한덕우,이상룡,황옥화,곽정훈,조성백,Lim, Joung-Soo,Han, Deug-Woo,Lee, Sang-Ryong,Hwang, Ok-Hwa,Kwag, Jung-Hoon,Cho, Sung-Back 한국축산환경학회 2015 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.21 No.3

An attempt to produce more pigs in limited spaces inevitably generalized concentrated feeding operation (CFO). As concentrated pig production practice expanded, concerns on environmental issues grow concurrently. Since odor is the concerned most among those, we attempted to develop means to tackle odor emission from livestock operations. Previously, we excavated few microorganisms from pig manure and, one of them, Bacillus licheniformis was particularly useful to handle odor problem. In this study, we conducted our investigation to further characterize Bacillus licheniformis. Strain identification was conducted using Vitek 2 compact, and the optimal temperature and pH conditions to growth B. licheniformis were searched for by analyzing turbidity on O.D 600 nm. Results of this study can be summarized as these, (1) it was re-verified that the bacterial strain that purified from pig manure was, in fact, Bacillus licheniformis, (2) the bacterial growth was highest when the temperature was kept at $30^{\circ}C$, also (3) growth rate was dependent on media pH as it was high at neutral (6, 7 and 8) but dropped when it was diverged from neutral (4, 5, 9 and 10), and (4) regarding ammonia removal efficiency, B. licheniformis recorded 64% effectiveness after 48 h incubation and reached its highest (80%) at 72 h.

Biomedia를 충전한 Biofilter에서 H₂S와 NH₃ 혼합악취의 제거

임정수,조욱상,이은영,Lim, Joung Soo,Cho, Wook Sang,Lee, Eun Young 한국청정기술학회 2006 청정기술 Vol.12 No.3

Polyurethane, PVA(polyvinyl alcohol)와 지렁이 분변토로 제작한 biomedia를 충진한 바이오필터(biofilter)를 이용하여 $H_2S$와 $NH_3$의 혼합 악취를 제거하였다. $NH_3$ 농도를 50 ppmv로 고정시킨 후, $H_2S$의 농도는 1~489 ppmv까지 증가시키며 제거효율을 살펴보았다. 또한 $NH_3$의 농도를 점진적으로 증가시켜 80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 ppmv 으로 설정하여 각각의 $NH_3$농도가 고정된 조건에서는 $H_2S$를 점차적으로 농도를 증가시켜주며 $NH_3$ 및 $H_2S$ 가스의 제거효율을 알아보았다. 혼합 악취가 공급되는 조건에서 $NH_3$의 유입 부하량은 입구농도가 50~300 ppmv 까지는 부하량 $11.14g\;N{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$이 증가함에 따라 제거용량도 비례하여 증가하였다. 입구농도가 300 ppmv 이상으로 증가함에 따라 유입 부하량은 증가하는 반면, 제거효율과 제거용량은 감소되는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 복합악취가 공급되는 조건에서 $H_2S$ 최대 부하량은 $40.27g\;S{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$이하이며, $NH_3$ 부하량이 $15.25g\;N{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ 이하인 조건에서는 $NH_3$의 공급에 의해 $H_2S$의 제거효율은 큰 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. When ammonia ($NH_3$) and hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) in binary mixture gases were supplied to a biofilter packed with biomedia made of polyurethane, PVA, and worm cast. No odor gases were detected on the outlet of the biofilter when $NH_3$ and $H_2S$ were separately supplied to the biofilter at space velocity(SV) of $50h^{-1}$ until inlet $NH_3$ concentration was increased up to 300 ppmv and inlet $H_2S$ to 428 ppmv. While, inlet $NH_3$ concentration maintained at 50 ppmv, inlet $H_2S$ concentration increased from 1 to 489 ppmv, and the removal efficiency of each gas was investigated. After that, $NH_3$ concentration increased step by step such as 80, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppmv. $H_2S$ concentration increased gradually when $NH_3$ concentration was set up at each condition. Under each condition, removal efficiency of $NH_3$ and $H_2S$ gas was investigated by analysing the gases sampled from the inlet and outlet of the biofilter. When binary gases were supplied to the biofilter and inlet $NH_3$ concentration was increased from 50 to 300 ppmv, elimination capacity of $NH_3$ increase linearly as inlet loading increased to $11.14g\;N{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$. However, as inlet $NH_3$ concentration increased over 300 ppmv, both removal efficiency and elimination capacity decreased while inlet loading increased. $H_2S$ removal efficiency was not affected seriously by the simultaneous supply of $NH_3$ when maximum inlet loading of $H_2S$ was under $40.27S{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ and maximum inlet loading of $NH_3$ was under $15.25N{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$.

유한요소법을 이용한 마이크로 평엔드밀링에서의 공구변형 예측

임정수,조희주,서태일,Lim, Jeong-Su,Cho, Hee-Ju,Seo, Tae-Il 한국생산제조학회 2010 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.25 No.6

The main purpose of this study strongly concerned micro machining error estimation by using FEM analysis of tool deflection shapes in micro flat end-milling process. For the precision micro flat end-milling process, analysis of micro cutting errors is mandatory. In general, tool deflection is a major factor which causes cutting error and limits realization of the high-precision cutting process. Especially, in micro end-milling process, micro tool deflection generates very serious problems in contrast to macro tool deflection. Methods which deal with compensation of cutting error by tool deflection in macro end-milling process have been studied plentifully but, few researches transact with micro scaled cutting tool deflection in micro cutting process. Therefore, the trend of micro tool deflection was estimated by using FEM analysis in this paper. Cutting forces were acquired by micro dynamometer and these were utilized in FEM analysis. In order to verify FEM analysis results, micro machining processes were carried out and real machined profiles were compared with FEM results. Finally through the proposed approach well suited FEM results were obtained.

액비화 과정 중 인 이용 우수미생물 분리 및 특성

임정수,조성백,황옥화,양승학,Lim, Joung-Soo,Cho, Sung-Back,Hwang, Ok-Hwa,Yang, Seung-Hak 한국축산환경학회 2014 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.20 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the bacterial capability to accumulate phosphorus during liquid composting process of pig slurry. Storage liquid compost and pig slurry were analyzed by using MALDI-TOF technique, which showed the colonies of Acinetobacter towneri and Bacillus licheniformis. In addition, bacterial colonies were isolated under high phosphoric acid conditions using X-phosphate MOPS medium with the addition of 2 mM $K_2HPO_4$. Microbial growth was observed in high and low phosphoric conditions due to the growth of bacterial diversities in the liquid fertilizer and slurry. The colonies isolated in the high phosphoric acid medium were uncultured bacterium clone and Acinetobacter sp. were identified by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Uncultured bacterium showed higher growth rate and excellent phosphorus ability then Acinetobacter sp.. In addition to Paenibacillus sp. AEY-1 isolated from pig slurry performed excellent phosphorus utilizing capability.

만성 염증시 치주 결체조직 세포 성장 및 총 단백질 변화에 관한 연구

임정수,오귀옥,김형섭,Lim, Jeong-Su,Oh, Kwi-Ok,Kim, Hyung-Sup 대한치주과학회 1993 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.23 No.1

The investigation was undertaken to determin the altered function and structure of granulation tissue fibroblasts. Human granulation-tissue fibroblasts were cultured from periodontal chronic inflammatory lesions (SBI index : above 3) and compared with healthy gingival connective tissues fibroblasts a control(SBI index : below 1). Granulation tissue fibroblasts proliferated with a slower growth rate and exhibited larger cell size than control cells. Total protein profile of granulation tissue fibroblasts was almost identical to that of control cells with some exception. These results support tha theory that granulation tissue fibroblasts represent a distinct phenotype of fibrotic cells.

SVM 기반 음성/음악 분류기의 효율적인 임베디드 시스템 구현

임정수,장준혁,Lim, Chung-Soo,Chang, Joon-Hyuk 한국음향학회 2011 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.30 No.8

제한된 대역폭을 효율적으로 사용하기 위해서 도입된 가변 전송률은 먼저 신호의 정확한 분류를 필요로 한다. 특히 멀티미디어 서비스가 보편화 되면서 음성/음악 신호 분류의 중요성도 높아지게 되었다. 음성/음악 분류기 중, 서포트벡터머신 (SVM)을 이용한 분류기는 높은 분류 정확도로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 SVM는 많은 계산량과 저장 공간을 요구하므로 효율적인 구현이 요구되며, 특히 임베디드 시스템과 같이 자원이 제한 적인 경우에는 더욱 그러하다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 SVM을 이용한 음성/음악 분류기의 임베디드 시스템으로의 구현을 실행시간과 에너지소비의 관점에서 분석하고, 효율적인 구현을 위한 두가지 방법들을 제안한다. 서포트벡터의 판별결과에의 기여도를 바탕으로 기여도가 낮은 벡터들을 제외하는 방법과, 음성/음악 신호에 기본적으로 존재하는 각 프레임간의 상관관계를 이용하여 입력신호의 일부를 건너뛰는 방법이다. 이 기법들은 SVM의 학습 시 사용되는 다른 최적화 기법에 관계없이 적용이 가능하며, 실험을 통해 분류의 정확도, 실행시간, 그리고 에너지소비의 관점에서 그 성능을 증명하였다. Accurate classification of input signals is the key prerequisite for variable bit-rate coding, which has been introduced in order to effectively utilize limited communication bandwidth. Especially, recent surge of multimedia services elevate the importance of speech/music classification. Among many speech/music classifier, the ones based on support vector machine (SVM) have a strong selling point, high classification accuracy, but their computational complexity and memory requirement hinder their way into actual implementations. Therefore, techniques that reduce the computational complexity and the memory requirement is inevitable, particularly for embedded systems. We first analyze implementation of an SVM-based classifier on embedded systems in terms of execution time and energy consumption, and then propose two techniques that alleviate the implementation requirements: One is a technique that removes support vectors that have insignificant contribution to the final classification, and the other is to skip processing some of input signals by virtue of strong correlations in speech/music frames. These are post-processing techniques that can work with any other optimization techniques applied during the training phase of SVM. With experiments, we validate the proposed algorithms from the perspectives of classification accuracy, execution time, and energy consumption.

유아교사의 일터영성 척도 개발

임정수(Jeong-Su LIM),심은주(Eun-Joo SIM),이경화(Kyeong-Hwa LEE) 한국수산해양교육학회 2014 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.4

시간적 근접성 향상을 통한 효율적인 SVM 기반 음성/음악 분류기의 구현 방법

임정수(Chungsoo Lim),장준혁(Joon-Hyuk Chang) 大韓電子工學會 2012 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.49 No.2

서포트벡터머신 (support vector machine)을 이용한 음성/음악 분류기는 높은 분류 정확도로 주목받고 있으나 많은 계산 량과 저장 공간을 요구하므로 특히 임베디드 시스템과 같이 자원이 제한 적인 경우에는 효율적인 구현이 필수적이다. 특히, 서포트벡터 (support vector)의 차원과 개수에 의해 결정되는 서포트벡터의 저장 공간의 크기는 일반적으로 임베디드 프로세서의 캐시 (cache)의 크기보다 훨씬 크므로 캐시에 존재하지 않는 서포트벡터를 메인 메모리로부터 읽어야 하는 경우가 많다. 메모리에서 데이터를 가져오는 데는 캐시나 레지스터와 비교했을 때 상대적으로 긴 시간과 많은 에너지가 소비되어 분류기의 실행 시간과 에너지 소비를 증가시키는 요인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 분류기의 데이터 접근 양식을 보다 시간적 근접성을 가지게 변환하여 일단 프로세서 칩으로 불려진 데이터를 최대한 활용함으로써 메모리의 접근 횟수를 줄여 전체적인 서포트벡터의 실행시간의 단축시키는 기법을 제안한다. 실험을 통해 메모리로의 접근 회수의 감소와 이에 따른 실행시간 그리고 에너지 소비의 감소를 확인하였다. Support vector machines (SVMs) are well known for their pattern recognition capability, but proper care should be taken to alleviate their inherent implementation cost resulting from high computational intensity and memory requirement, especially in embedded systems where only limited resources are available. Since the memory requirement determined by the dimensionality and the number of support vectors is generally too high for a cache in embedded systems to accomodate, frequent accesses to the main memory occur inevitably whenever the cache is not able to provide requested data to the processor. These frequent accesses to the main memory result in overall performance degradation and increased energy consumption because a memory access typically takes longer and consumes more energy than a cache access or a register access. In this paper, we propose a technique that reduces the number of main memory accesses by optimizing the data access pattern of the SVM-based classifier in such a way that the temporal locality of the accesses increases, fully utilizing data loaded into the processor chip. With experiments, we confirm the enhancement made by the proposed technique in terms of the number of memory accesses, overall execution time, and energy consumption.

계층구조의 분류를 통한 서포트벡터머신 기반의 음성/음악분류기의 실용도 향상기법

임정수(Chungsoo Lim),김범무(Bum Moo Kim),조지우(Ji Woo Jo),김경호(Kyung Ho Kim),이성로(Seong Ro Lee) 한국통신학회 2012 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.6