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항공기 안전운항에 영향을 미치는 조종사의 비 기술적 역량 요소 (NOTECHS)의 상대적 중요도와 우선순위에 관한 연구 - AHP 분석을 이용하여 -
임숙영 ( Sook-young Lim ),이형룡 ( Hyung-ryong Lee ) 한국항공경영학회 2017 한국항공경영학회지 Vol.15 No.6
오늘날 항공안전에 있어서 운항승무원이라는 인적요인이 매우 중요함을 인식하고 있지만, 항공안전과 관련된 국내 연구들은 주로 항공시스템이나 조종사의 기술적인 면에 초점을 맞춘 연구들이 주를 이루고 있고, 운항승무원의 비 기술적인 역량 요소에 초점을 맞춘 연구들은 상대적으로 미흡한 실정이며, 본 연구에서 다루고 있는 NOTECHS(non-technical skills)에 관한 선행연구도 국내에서는 거의 찾아 볼 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구는 이미 유럽에서 CRM(crew resource management)의 평가도구로써 시행하고 있는 NOTECHS에 대한 국내 항공사 조종전문가들의 의견을 조사하여 한국의 운항여건 및 문화적 차이에 따른 핵심요인들을 도출해내고 그들의 상대적 중요도와 우선순위를 파악함으로써, CRM 교육훈련프로그램과 NOTECHS의 운영 시 반영하여 조종사들의 CRM 능력을 향상시키고 실제 비행에 적용시킴으로써 안전운항을 위한 인적요소 강화에 기여하고자 한다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 조종사의 비 기술적 역량 요소인 NOTECHS에 대한 선행연구와 문헌조사 등의 이론적 연구를 수행하였으며, 항공기 조종 전문가들을 대상으로 1차 전문가의견조사와 2차 쌍대비교조사를 실시한 후 AHP분석을 적용하는 실증적 연구를 병행하였다. AHP 분석 결과, 상황인식의 중요도가 가장 높았고, 그 다음 의사결정, 리더십 및 관리기술, 협력의 순으로 중요하다고 전문가들은 판단하였다. NOTECHS의 전체 26개 항목들의 우선순위를 분석한 결과, 상황인식에 해당하는 항목인 ‘항공기 시스템 상태의 변화를 항시 모니터 한다’가 가장 중요한 항목으로 나타났다. Even though aircraft accidents are greatly reduced by the improvement of safety management practices and the development of aviation technology, accidents caused by human factors such as cooperation, teamwork, communication, and leadership have been increased continuously. CRM(crew resource management) has been developed and evolved to overcome these problems. And today’s CRM training and enforcement are required to strengthen the non-technical skills. Although non technical skills are very important in flight safety, the previous research has focused on the technical aspects of pilots, related aviation system and studies are relatively insufficient. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate framework to improve CRM and provide a basis for strengthening non technical skills in order to improve flight safety. In order to accomplish this purpose, prior researches and literature review on the NOTECHS system, which is non--technical skills of the pilot, were conducted and followed by empirical studies using AHP analysis. The results are as follows according to AHP analysis; first, the importance of situation awareness was the highest factor, followed by decision-making, leadership and managerial skills, and cooperation on second hierarchy. Finally, highest factor of the importance out of 26 factors is 'Monitors and reports changes in systems states’.
문숙영 ( Sook Young Moon ),한동윤 ( Dong Yun Han ),이병하 ( Byung Ha Lee ),임연수 ( Yun Soo Lim ) 한국유화학회 2005 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.22 No.1
N/A OXI-PAN fibers, Kynol fibers and rayon fibers were used as precursorsfor the preparation of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) by chemical activation with KOH at 800 C. The effects of different precursorfibers and fiber/KOH ratios on the final ACFs are discussed. The precursor fibers used are appropriate for the ACFs in a single stage pyrolysis process. The OXI-PAN fibers which were activated with KOH of 2.0M showed a specific surface area of 2328㎡/g, however, loosed the fiber shape because of low yields. The Kynol fibers and Rayon fibers showed the high yields but the lower specific surface area of 900㎡/g and 774㎡/g, respectively, at KOH of 1.5M. The OXI-PAN fibers which were activated with KOH of 1.5M have a specific surface area of 1028㎡/g and higher micro-pore volumes and lower yields rather than Kynol-1.5 and Rayon-1.5 samples. This phenomenon is because of higher chemical resistance of the Kynol and Rayon fibers rather than OXI-PAN fibers. However, the Kynol fibers were the best precursors on KOH activation at 800℃ considered carbon yields, surface areas and micropore volumes.
수산화물에 의해 활성화된 OXI-PAN계 섬유의 제조 및 특성
문숙영,한동윤,이병하,임연수,Moon, Sook-Young,Han, Dong-Yun,Lee, Byung-Ha,Lim, Yun-Soo 한국세라믹학회 2005 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.42 No.7
Activated Carbon Fibers (ACFs) are widely used as adsorbents in technologies related to pollution abatement due to their highly porous structure and large adsorption capacity. The porous structure and surface area of ACFs depends strongly on both the activation processes arid the nature .of the precursors. The chemical activation with hydroxides has recently been, of great interest as it permits the preparation of activated carbon fibers with highly developed porosity. In this work, OXI-PAN fiber used as precursor for the preparation of activated carbon fibers by chemical activation with KOH and NaOH. The affects of several activation conditions on the surface properties, pore size distribution and adsorption capacity of Ag ion and Iodine ion on ACFs studied.
기혈수변증(氣血水辨證)에 의한 기능성 소화불량 환자의 변증유형 분석
임중화,유종민,장선영,김현경,이준석,윤상협,김진성,류봉하,류기원,한숙영,Lim, Jung-Hwa,Ryu, Jong-Min,Jang, Sung-Young,Kim, Hyun-Kyung,Lee, Joon-Suk,Yoon, Sang-Hyub,Kim, Jin-Sung,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Ryu, Ki-Won,Han, Sook-Young 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.2
Background & Object : It is well known that functional dyspepsia is one of the most common diseases. While many dyspepsia patients have been helped with oriental medical therapy, there has not been a study based on the concepts of oriental medicine. The aim of this study was to perform a fundamental epidemiological survey and to analyse the symptom pattern of functional dyspepsia. Methods : 86 patients(27 males, 59 females) diagnosed with functional dyspepsia in Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from May to December 2002 were involved in this investigation. The disease characteristics of functional dyspepsia(based on Rome criteria II) and the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure were investigated by questionnaire and physical examination. The total score and composition ratio of each comprehensive diagnosis were calculated from the symptom score described in the questionnaire. Results : The total score from the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure was found to be influenced by the number of functional dyspepsia symptoms(p=0.026) and the patient's own cognition of their current dyspeptic situation(p=0.006), in addition to digestive ability and general congnition(p=0.006), and was not associated with sex, duration of dyspeptic symptoms in one year, or the total illness period, In the composition ratio of the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure, only Qui-yu(p=0.048) diagnosis was accurate regarding the number of symptoms in one year, total illness period, or the patients' own congnition of their current dyspeptic situation, But the value of the composition ratio among the total factors involved was most similar to that of sex. Conclusions : Thus, it is shown here that the total score of using the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure is mainly dependent on dyspeptic symptoms and the patinets' own cognition of their current dyspeptic situation, and that regular symptom patterns in the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure exist in dyspeptic patients.
유종민,임중화,한숙영,장선영,김현경,이준석,김진성,류봉하,류기원,윤상협,Ryu, Jong-Min,Lim, Jung-Hwa,Han, Sook-Young,Jang, Sun-Young,Kim, Hyun-Kyung,Lee, Joon-Suk,Kim, Jin-Sung,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Ryu, Ki-Won,Yoon, Sang-Hyub 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.4
Background & Object : The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of electrogastrography on differential diagnosis of deficiency or excess Condition in patients with functional dyspepsia Methods : Selected symptoms for diagnosis of deficiency and excess in functional dyspepsia have been reviewed in some literatures, notably within Oriental medicine, Donguibogam and Gogeumdoseojipseong-uibujeolrok. This is what was investigated in this study. 93 patients (male 32, female 61) were divided into three groups; Non-pain group, Pre-treatment pain group (chief complain was abdominal pain at the first medical examination), and Mid-treatment pain group(they had no pain at the time of first medical examination, but showed abdominal pain within two weeks). 10 healthy people participated as normal controls. Gastric motility were recorded and analyzed using electrogastrography during fasting and postprandial period. In assessment, effectiveness was divided into validity, sensitivity and specificity. Results : Epigastric pain reflected the tendency for excess condition in comprehensive diagnosis, which was linked with postprandial arrhythmia in electrogastrography(p=0.001). Postprandial arrhythmia detected abdominal pain with a validity of 78.6%, a sensitivity of 79.2%, and a specificity of 78%(p<0.001). Conclusions : Results 1Tom Postprandial arrhythmia in electrogastrography support that the index of excess condition in the comprehensive diagnosis of symptoms is useful for patients with functional dyspepsia.
Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma 환자의 위운동성장애에 대한 한의학적 치험 1예
윤상협,류종민,임중화,한숙영,김현경,이준석,장선영,Yoon, Sang-Hyub,Rhu, Jong-Min,Lim, Jung-Hwa,Han, Sook-Young,Kim, Hyun-Kyung,Lee, Joon-Suk,Shim, Yun-Seub,Kim, Guk-Bum,Han, Jong-Hyun,Kim, Sun-Hong,Kim, Eun-Gon,Kim, Sang-Uk 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.2
Systemic sclerosis Sine scleroderma(ssSSc) is an uncommon subtype of Systemic sclerosis(SSc), which is believed to attack internal organs without causing changes in the skin. Electrogastrography has been known to be a simple, non-invasive, and effective method in assessing gastric motility. In this new study, a case of Systemic sclerosis Sine Scleroderma exhibiting gastric symptoms was observed. For this, we applied herbal medicine. manual acupucture, electro-acupucture, and lumbar skin wanning. After applying these therapies, both systemic and dyspeptic symptoms of the patient improved. Electrogastrography suggests a relation between gastric myoelectrical activity and the patient's improvement in dyspeptic symptoms. Therefore, based on study of Oriental medical classics and recent medical articles, clinically emperical success in treating gastric dysmotility was seen in a patient with Systemic sclerosis Sine Scleroderma.
김진석,홍종희,홍상선,임중화,한숙영,김진성,윤상협,류봉하,류기원,박석규,Kim, Jin-Seok,Hong, Jong-Hee,Hong, Sang-Sun,Lim, Joong-Hwa,Han, Sook-Young,Kim, Jin-Seong,Yoon, Sang-Hyub,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Ryu, Ki-Won,Park, Seok-Kyu 대한한방내과학회 2002 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.23 No.2
Functional dyspepsia refers to upper abdominal pain or discomfort with or without symptoms of early satiety, nausea, or vomiting with no definable organic cause. In this study, we recognized that dyspepsia was decreased with herbal medication (Banhabakchulchunma-tang) and acupuncture therapy. And we aimed to evaluate the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) in these cases. The GSRS indicated that Oriental medicine treatment could be effective in the Functional dyspepsia. And it is helpful in decreasing symptoms of patients and in improving quality of life.
임숙영,최은숙,김민숙,고광준 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1992 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.22 No.2
This is a report of adenoid cystic carcinoma occurred in the palate in 30-year-old patient with a complaint of exophytic mass. The authore dignosed it as adenoid cystic carcinoma by the clinical examination, radiographic findings and histopathological findings. The obtained results are as follows ; 1. In clinical examination, asymptomatic exophytic mass of palate was observed. 2. in radiographic findings, soft tissue mass infiltrated the left maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, infraorbital fossa, hard palate, pterygopalatine fossa and pterygoid plate, and enhanced soft tissue mass was also observed in CT. 3. In histopathological findings, tubular and solid patterns of glandular structures were observed and the infiltration of tumor cells into the nerve fibers was also observed. 4. Two years after radical surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the perineural spread to orbital area was observed. 5. Much longer follow-up than 5 years in needed for early diagnosis off recurrence and distant metastasis.