유형론적 관점에서 본 한국어 관계절의 몇 문제

문숙영 개신어문학회 2012 개신어문연구 Vol.0 No.35

The aim of this paper is to argue that Korean relative clauses cannot be distinguished from other noun-modifying clauses in terms of syntax. There are various kinds of noun-modifying clauses that can't be included in relatives or complements. ‘gap’, the typical relativization strategy in Korean, may be found not only in relatives also other noun-modifying clauses. Moreover, there are cases that seemingly have gaps but it's not possible to move the head noun into the gap. The so-called internally -headed clauses in Korean are quite different from ones in other language, and are used in very restricted circumstances. These all phenomena suggest that there is just single noun-modifying clauses in Korean.

과연 한국어의 종속접속절은 부사절인가

문숙영 한국언어학회 2019 언어 Vol.44 No.3

This paper aims to argue that so-called Jongsok-Jeol in the Korean language cannot be regarded as adverbial clauses, and we have to admit the existence of dependent clauses that are not embeded as a constituent in a higher clause. The basis for this claim is as follows. First, there are some adverbial clauses in English that behave like a main-clause, in that root transformations, such as VP preposing, Topicalization, Tag Question formation etc., can apply in these adverbial clauses. Second, most of the verbs in Jongsok-Jeol can take tense morphemes and overtly expressed arguments, as a finite verb of root sentence does. Third, semantic types of adverbial clauses are quite different from those of adverbs, which means the function of adverbial clauses may be distinguished from that of adverbs. Fourth, it is quite common that a clause combines with clause-combination, rather than a main-clause, in these cases we often have a difficulty in finding one simple clause that the adverbial clause relate to. Fifth, the semantic relations of Jongsok-Jeol are almost the same as relational propositions established between sentences or text units in a text.

시제 어미 및 시제 상당 표현의 사용과 관련한 몇 문제

문숙영 한국어의미학회 2008 한국어 의미학 Vol.27 No.-

This article aims to argue that the usage of tense cannot be explained solely in terms of tense semantics and requires a consideration of tense pragmatics. In other words, what tense forms basically mean and when these tense forms are used are not identical but distinguishable questions. According to this study, tense forms are selected at times because of their own connotative meaning and examples where the location of situation time and tense meaning do not agree are generally cases of ‘intentional use’. This kind of occurrence of tense forms can be resulted from the discourse characteristics or discourse structure of TV News.

제주 방언의 현재시제 형태소에 대하여

문숙영 형태론 2004 형태론 Vol.6 No.2

Mun, Suk-yeong. 2004. On the present tense morpheme in the Ceycwu dialect of Korean. Morphology 6.2, 293-316. This paper tries to demonstrate that the morpheme '-emsi-' is a present tense morpheme, and not an aspectual morpheme, as argued previously. To this end, I show that '-emsi-', which is in opposition to the past tense morpheme '-esi-' before most endings, functions as an obligatory verbal morpheme just like '-esi-'. Unlike typical aspectual elements, neither '-emsi-' nor '-esi-' show any cooccurrence restrictions depending on aspectual features of verbs; they can be attached to all kinds of verb regardless of the aspectual properties of the verb. Moreover, certain usages of '-emsi-' cannot be explained with the concept of 'imperfect aspect'. According to our explanation, '-emsi-' is the result of grammaticalization from the syntactic construction '-em si-', a process that occasioned a change in the meaning of '-nu-'. Thus, '-nu-' can now be represented as a modal element referring to the 'speaker's judgement concerning the certainty of information obtained by perception'.(Catholic University). 본고는 그간 상 형태로 간주되었던 제주 방언의 ‘-엄시-’가 현재 시제 형태소의 기능을 하고 있음을 밝히는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해, ‘-엄시-’는 대개의 종결어미 앞에서 과거시제 형태소 ‘-어시-’와 대립을 이루면서 ‘-어시-’와 함께 동사의 필수적 요소로 기능하고 있다는 것과 이 때의 ‘-어시-’와 ‘-엄시-’는 일반적인 상요소와는 달리 동사의 상적 속성에 따른 결합제약을 별로 보이지 않는다는 것, 그리고 ‘-엄시-’의 몇 용법은 기존의 ‘비완결상’ 의미로는 설명할 수 없다는 것을 논증하였다. ‘-엄시-’는 통사적 구성인 ‘-엄 시-’에서 문법화된 것인데. 이 과정에서 ‘-느-’와 의미 중복을 일으키게 되고 그 결과 ‘-느-’는 ‘지각을 통해 얻어진 정보의 확실성에 대한 판단’을 나타내는 양태 요소로 의미변화를 겪은 것으로 보았다.

파생도 겸하는 굴절, 한국어의 전성어미

문숙영 한국언어학회 2022 언어 Vol.47 No.4

This paper argues that Korean endings ‘-이’, ‘-게’, ‘-음’ and ‘-기’ should be understood as inflections that are accompanied by changes in word class. Ultimately, word formation can be created not only by affixes but also by the inflectional elements, such as endings and case markers in Korean The goal here is to emphasize that the relationship between inflection and derivation is more analogous to that of a spectrum. The Korean language uses endings and postpositional particles to produce grammatical connection and meaning and has verb-type adjectives, which inevitably leads to those endings and particles being necessary for achieving changes in word class. It is no coincidence that the best example of an adverb-derived affix and a noun-derived affix both share the same form as that of the adverbial clause and nominalized clause used in the language of the contemporary era.

유형론적 관점에서 본 한국어 관계절의 몇 문제

문숙영 개신어문학회 2012 개신어문연구 Vol.35 No.-

유아교육시설에서 나타나는 '공간 체험'의 특성에 관한 연구 - 이동 공간을 중심으로 -

문숙영,김진모,Moon, Suk-Young,Kim, Jin-Mo 한국교육시설학회 2012 敎育施設 Vol.19 No.5

In recent times, education facilities for children have focused on the importance of the "living environment" of children. This is because children have a more sensitive response than adults in their lives. All of the field activities, body movement, and play they go through in their living environment exhibit a great educational effect while promoting their emotional, physical, and mental development; therefore, these are the main priority factors in planning an education facility for children. A space may be deemed to be created by the relationship between objects and the people who perceive them. Also, space cognition may be defined to be made of the perception of a space, integration with experience, and restructuring. Physical factors and visual factors, which are the basic factors composing a space, either play their roles as independent variables in a space or form a relationship through a combination between the factors; thereby, diverse types of space experiences may be created. Space experience may be realized through the "movements" of a user, and a user selectively experiences a space through his/her voluntary movements, while experiencing the space against their will through flexible movements. In particular, space experience through movements has an effect on children in terms of making them feel like having daily exploration, and it also has a positive effect on education. A movement space in which "movements" appear most strongly in an education facility for children connects various nearby spaces, and it also portrays a transfer role. Furthermore, in this space, a variety of space changes can be found; thereby, children are able to have diverse selective space experiences.

‘-고 있-’의 기능 부담량 차이에 관한 시론

문숙영 국어학회 2007 국어학 Vol.0 No.50

본고는 현재시제에서의 ‘-고 있-’이 과거시제에서의 ‘-고 있-’보다 훨씬 높은 빈도로 발견된다는 관찰을 바탕으로, ‘-고 있-’이 담당해야 하는 기능 부담 정도가 과거시제에서보다 현재시제에서 더 높을 수 있으며 이런 차이는 ‘-고 있-’의 분포에 따른 변화나 사용 양상과 밀접하게 관련되어 있음을 주장하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본고는 우선 현재형 ‘-고 있-’의 빈도가 실제로도 ‘-고 있었-’의 빈도보다 높은지를 살펴봄으로써, 시제에 따른 ‘-고 있-’의 기능 부담량 차이를 가정하는 일이 가능한지를 논의한다. 또한 시제에 따른 이런 빈도 차이가 유의미한 것인지를 검증하기 위해, ‘-고 있-’의 빈도가 ‘-고 있었-’보다 높은 이유가 현재시제와 ‘-고 있-’ 간의 각별한 관계와 관련이 있는지를, ‘-고 있-’과 ‘-고 있었-’ 간의 동사 목록을 비교하고 ‘-고 있-’과 현재표지 ‘-느-’ 간의 의미 투명성 및 대치 가능성 여부를 따져보는 방법을 통해 확인한다. 마지막으로 ‘-고 있-’이 높은 빈도로 발견되는 분포 조건을 살펴보고 이런 분포 조건이 ‘-느-’와 관련하여 어떻게 설명될 수 있는지를 논의한다.

자유간접화법의 지표와 인용문의 해석적 사용

문숙영 한국어의미학회 2018 한국어 의미학 Vol.62 No.-

This paper discusses the grammatical indicators in free indirect speech in Korean and its characteristics as interpretive use. Free indirect speech resembles indirect speech in shifting tenses and personal pronouns, but there is generally no reporting clauses and it retains some features of direct speech (such as temporal adverbs, word order and illocutionary forces). Free indirect speech has been described as a stylistic device of presenting a character’s and the author’s voice at the same time. We examine whether there is free indirect speech in the Korean language, and what kind of devices Korean uses to express dual voices.

시제의 의미 및 사용과 관련된 몇 문제

문숙영 한국어학회 2009 한국어학 Vol.43 No.-

The purpose of this article lies in examining some issues on what tense forms basically mean and when these forms are used. The past tense fundamently implies that given situations no longer continue, but this is just implicature. It means that there has been no presupposition that the past tense is combined only when the situation in question no longer continues into the present. Tense can be determined first by limiting the time at which the speaker wants to make an utterance(=TT) and then selecting a situation that is located at this time. TT, however, is a concept relevant to what (or what variable) affects tense determination, rather than to what is the referential meaning of tense form, in that the truth condition of the sentence depends on whether the situation in question is located in the given TT, even when tense is determined by TT. Many researchers have mentioned that the problem lies in the fact that ‘-eoss-’ or ‘-eosseoss-’ frequently occurs even in environments that do not require past tense or pluperfect tense. However, these usages must be understood to aim at implicatures implied in ‘-eoss-’ and ‘-eosseoss-’. Tense forms could be selected by their implicature as well as their denotation.