기니피그 위저부 윤상근의 비아드레날린성 비콜린성 반응에 관한 연구

황일순(Il Soon Whang),송치욱(Chi Wook song),강동훈(Dong Hoon Kang),이홍식(Hong Sik Lee),이상우(Sang Woo Lee),최재현(Jae Hyun Choi),김창덕(Chang Duck Kim),류호상(Ho Sang Ryu),현진해(Jin Hae Hyun) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.4

N/A Background/Aims: The neurogenic responses of gastrointestinal smooth muscles to electrical field stimulation(EFS) is biphasic, consisting firstly of cholinergic contraction, followed by a transient relaxation. It is well known that a transient relaxation does involve the inhibitory non- adrenergic non-cholinergic(NANC) systems. However, the exact nature of the neurotransmitter released by these neurons is controversial. This study was done to investigate the relaxing agents and their action mechanisms by the use of organ bath with platinum electrodes. Methods: In 10 guinea-pigs, muscle strips of fundus, 10mm x 2mm, were prepared in a circular axis. Isometric tension study was performed in 30ml organ baths containing Krebs bicarbonate buffer, tnaintatined at 37 'C and gassed with 5% CO and 95% Oz. Results: The fundic relaxation by EFS was suppressed by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME) and nitric oxide(NO) synthase inhibitor, in a dose-dependent manner and these effects were reversed by L-arginine, precurssar of NO. Nitroprusside, NO-donor, suppressed the fundic basal tension largely. Methylene blue, inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, suppressed the fundic basal tension and decreased EFS-induced relaxations. Forskolin and isoprenaline, which are activators of adenylate cyclase, suppressed the fundic basal tension as rnuch as nitroprusside. Intracellularly permeable cGMP and cAMP pro- duced relaxations in the precontracted fundic muscle with noradrenaline. TEA, non-specific K' channel blocker, and aparnin, Ca ' activated K' channel blocker, increased the fundic basal tension and EFS-induced relaxations. Conclusions: Above results indicate that NO is released upon stimulation of the NANC nerves in the guinea-pig fundic muscle and play a major role in the receptive relaxation of the fundus region. The release of NO is related with K' channel, and some other inhibitory agents may be involved in transient relaxation through modulative effects on cAMP or cGMP. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997;29:430-441)

정보디자인에서 효과적 커뮤니케이션을 위한 멀티미디어 사용원리에 관한 연구

이일순(Lee Il-Soon) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2008 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.13

최근 정보디자인 영역에서 애니메이션을 포함한 멀티미디어 활용이 급증하고 디자인 현장에서 응용이 확대되고 있음에도 불구하고 관련 연구는 매우 부족하며, 특히 어떤 특성이 정모전달효과를 향상시키는지에 대한 연구는 많지 않다. 지금까지 디자이너들의 관심은 독창성, 다양성 등 화면의 시각적 완성도에 집중되어 있었으며, 실제로 디자인에서 인지적 문제는 간과되어 왔다. 그러나 정보디자인의 궁극적 목적이 정보의 정확한 전달에 있다는 점을 생각한다면 독창성이나 다양성 이전에 정보 사용자의 혼란을 줄이고 정보전달력을 향상시키기 위한 인간의 시각적 인지능력, 기억력 등에 근거한 연구가 선행되어야 하고 이를 디자인에 적용하는 노력이 필요하다하겠다. 따라서 본 연구는 정보디자인에서 멀티미디어가 사용자 인지 및 커뮤니케이션에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 매체의 효용성 이론에 근거하여 검토하고 어떠한 환경 하에서 효과가 극대화될 수 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 매체의 효용성에 관한 이론들을 정리해 보면 멀티미디어와 같은 발달된 정보기술은 매체의 내재된 풍요도로 인하여 정보전달에 효과적으로 작용할 것이나 멀티미디어의 효과는 전적으로 매체풍요도의 관점에서 단순화시키기보다는 과제와의 적절성이나 인지적 적절성의 관점에서 다각적으로 분석해야 한다. 최적의 인터페이스 디자인을 위해서는 불필요한 인지부하를 없애면서 제한된 양의 작동기억을 최대한 활용하여 지식을 습득할 수 있도록 정보를 구조화하는 것이 중요하며, 또한 정확하고 성공적인 심상구축이 가능하도록 정보특성에 맞는 적절한 미디어 선택과 표현방법의 제시가 필요하다 할 것이다. 본 연구는 정보디자인의 커뮤니케이션 효과를 높이기 위하여 어떤 정보기술을 활용해야 하는 가에 대한 의문을 매체의 효용성에 관한 이론들을 근거로 살펴봄으로서 향후 디자이너의 의사결정에 있어서 도움을 주고자 하였다. Recently in the field of information design use of multimedia including animation has been rapidly increased. And its application is expanding in the field of design nevertheless relevant research in this field is scant. In particular research on which characteristics contribute to improvement for effect of information communication is negligible. Until now designers' interest was mainly focused on visual perfection of screen such as diversity and originality. Actually the aspect of recognition of design was mostly overlooked. But considering ultimate purpose of information design is accurate communication of information thus there should be more endeavor for research on man's visual recognitive faculty and memory in order to improve power of communication of information for the purpose of reducing confusion of user before its originality and diversity. For this reason this author in this treatise attempted to examine possible impact of multimedia in information design on recognition of user and communication based on theory of effectiveness of media and also attempted to identify how maximize its effect under different circumstances. Theories on effectiveness of media can be summed up as that well- advanced information of multimedia should be analysed from diverse standpoints on relevancy to tasks and recognitive relevancy rather than its simplification from the standpoint of richness of media. For optimal interface design unnecessary recognitive load should be eliminated and information should be structured by taking maximum advantage of working memory of limited quantity. Also there will be need for selection of proper media and suggestion of expressive method to enable building accurate and successful mental image. In this treatise this author attempted to contribute to designer's decision making in future through examining theories on effectiveness of media in connection with the question of which information technology should be used in order to heighten effect of information communication appropriate to information design.

고압전동기 고정자 권선 절연재료에서 유전정접 특성

모일순(Il-Soon Mo),김희동(Hee-Dong Kim),이영준(Young-Jun Lee),주영호(Young Ho Ju) 대한전기학회 1999 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.7

최근(最近) 한국인(韓國人)의 사망력(死亡力) 경향(傾向)에 관(關)한 고찰(考察)

김일순,이동우,Kim, Il-Soon,Lee, Dong-Woo 대한예방의학회 1969 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.2 No.1

A review has been made of mortality trends in Korea from 1958 to 1967 analyzing the data by sex, age and cause of death. The crude death rates and age specific death rates were estimated by the model of N. Keyfitz life table which had been developed by the data of the 1960's national census. The cause specific death rates shown in this article are based on the following: all deaths occurring in the death-registration are expressed as a numberator, while the denominator was estimated from the regular national census data by interpolation method. It is estimated that only an average of about 40% of deaths which occurred during a year were registered during 1958 to 1967. The validity and the reliability of the diagnosis of causes of death seem to be extremely poor in this country. Therefore the cause specific death rates in this article are aimed to reveal trends of causes of registered death ana not for the actual level of death rates. For 10 years very interesing mortality trends were observed : 1. The trend in the crude death rates was downward slowly. 2. The estimated death rate for the infant in 1960 was still high up to 100 per 1,000. 3. The rates for mortality attributed to such infectious diseases as pneumonia, bronchitis, gastroenteritis and measles decreased an average 40-60%. 4. The death rates for over-all tuberculosis decreased only 9.8%. 90% of the decrease was contributed by those in the less-than-15 year age group. 5. The death rates for chronic diseases, such as vascular diseases affecting the central nervous system, malignant neoplasm, major heart diseases and all accidents rose about 40-60%. 6. The rank order of the 10 leading causes of death showed large changes over the years, except for pneumonia and tuberculosis which occupyed 1st and 2nd places respectively. Vascular diseases affecting the central nervous system moved from 5th to 3rd place and malignant neoplasm from 6th to 4th place, The major heart diseases moved from 10th to 6th place and all accidents from 10th to 7th place. On tile other hand, gastroenteritis moved from 3rd to 5th place and influenja from 4th to 8th place.

과거 50여년간의 충수돌기 수술발생율의 변화 및 수술확율에 관한 고찰

金馹舜(Il Soon Kim),李景植(Kyung Sik Lee) 대한외과학회 1976 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.18 No.3

아동혈압의 시계열 변화 양상 및 평균혈압에 관련된 요인 분석

서일,김일순,남정모,이순영,오희철,김춘배,박은철,Suh, Il,Kim, Il-Soon,Nam, Chung-Mo,Lee, Soon-Young,Oh, Hee-Chul,Kim, Chun-Bae,Park, Eun-Cheol 대한예방의학회 1989 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.22 No.3

To show the distribution and change of blood pressure according to age and to find factors affecting the level of blood pressure in primary school children, a follow-up study was conducted from 1986 to 1989 on 401 first grade children attending primary school in Kangwha County in 1986 and their parents. The blood pressure of the children was significantly increased according to age. The average annual increase was 1.8mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 2.5mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. The level of blood pressure did not show any significant difference in both sexes. Among children who were at or above the 80th percentile of blood pressure in the first grade, 35 and 30% of them have remained at the same level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively in the fourth grade. But we could not find any significance in the tracking of blood pressure of children who were at or above the 90th percentile of blood pressure in the first grade. Weight and pulse rate were shown to be significant factors affecting systolic blood pressure in children of both sexes and mother's blood pressure and skinfold thickness were also affected systolic blood pressure in girls. The variables significantly affecting diastolic blood pressure were arm circumference and pulse rate for boys and height and pulse rate for girls.

담배소송과 다국적 담배회사 내부문건 속 국산담배 성분분석

이성규 ( Lee Sungkyu ),김재형 ( Kim Ja Hyung ),김일순 ( Kim Il Soon ) 한국보건사회연구원 2012 保健社會硏究 Vol.32 No.3

본 연구는 우리나라 집단 담배소송의 쟁점사항인 KT&G 담배제품 속 첨가물 및 니코 틴 조작 유무 조사를 목적으로 한다. 연구방법으로는 1988년 이후 국내 담배시장에 진입 해 KT&G와 치열한 경쟁을 펼친 다국적 담배회사들의 내부기밀문건을 분석했다. 국내 담 배시장에 진입한 다국적 담배회사들은 우리 국민들의 보수적 성향과 수입담배 불매운동 등으로 자사 제품의 수요창출에 많은 어려움을 겪었다. 이를 극복하기 위해 특정 인구집단을 마케팅 대상으로 삼거나, 담배 자판기를 설치해 제품공급을 확대하는 등 다양한 전략을 펼쳤다. 또한 절대적 시장점유율을 차지하고 있던 KT&G 제품과 유사한 제품을 만 들기 위해 KT&G 제품에 대한 성분분석을 주기적으로 실시했던 것으로 확인됐다. 내부문 건 속 성분분석 결과에는 KT&G가 소송 중 부인해왔던 암모니아 첨가물이 포함되어 있었다. 또한 “라이트” 제품으로 판매됐던 담배제품과 일반 담배제품의 타르와 니코틴 함량에 큰 차이가 없었다. 1999년 담배소송이 제기되자 KT&G 측은 경쟁관계에 있던 다국적 담배회사에 소송대응을 위한 전략과 관련해 조언을 구한 정황도 드러났다. KT&G 담배제품 에는 니코틴의 인체흡수를 촉진하는 암모니아를 비롯한 다른 종류의 첨가물들이 포함되어 있을 가능성이 있는 만큼 법원은 객관적이고 정확한 담배성분 검증절차를 거쳐 공정한 판 결을 내려야 할 것이다. 또한 경쟁관계에 놓여 있는 담배회사들 조차도 담배소송문제에 있어서만은 협력관계를 유지하는 정황이 포착된 만큼 법원과 보건 전문가들은 담배회사의 소송대응 전략 및 활동을 면밀히 감시해야할 것이다. Tobacco litigation affects the implementation and development of comprehensive tobacco control policies and measures. Thus, it is certain that providing valuable evidence and information to tobacco litigation is a vital public health concern. Based on this, the present study searched and analyzed the formerly confidential documents of transnational tobacco companies that had penetrated South Korea since 1988 to investigate KT&G`s nicotine manipulation through additives. After liberalization in South Korea`s tobacco market, transnational tobacco companies initially went through difficulty in creating demand for their brands. To overcome this, the companies targeted the younger generation as their main consumer group, and developed distribution routes for their brands with cigarette vending machines. In addition, the study found that transnational tobacco companies conducted componential analysis of KT&G`s tobacco brands which dominated most of the market share at that time to develop similar brands to them. The result of componential analysis shows that KT&G`s brands include ammonia. Also, “lighter” cigarettes were found to contain almost as much tar and nicotine as “regular” brands. Once the first tobacco litigation occurred in 1999, KT&G immediately got in contact with its competitors, other tobacco companies to ask for their advice on tobacco litigation. The finding of this study argues that there is a possibility that KT&G`s tobacco brands included additives to help deliver nicotine quickly to the brain. Therefore, the current and future court for tobacco litigation should carefully take into consideration the tobacco additives and tobacco industry`s nicotine manipulation before making a judgment. More importantly, the study found that there has been collaboration between tobacco companies on tobacco litigation. Therefore, the court and public health experts should monitor tobacco industry`s tactics and practices while tobacco litigation is in progress.

PASCAR 액체금속로의 3 차원 면진 장치가 가속도 응답과 응력에 미치는 영향

이국희(Kuk-Hee Lee),김윤재(Yun-Jae Kim),한재준(Jae-Jun Han),황일순(Il Soon Hwang),유봉(Bong Yoo) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11

PASCAR(Proliferation-resistant, Accident-tolerant, Self-supported, Capsular and Assured Reactor) has been developed with 35MWe(100MWth) operating without primary coolant pump, capitalizing on natural circulation capability of lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE) for long-life small and robust power units. To ensure the structural integrity, the large safety margin against Safe Shutdown Earthquake, 0.3g, and furthermore the cost effectiveness for PASCAR, 3-D seismic base isolation design has been developed. The analytical model has been developed and seismic time history analyses has been carried out. The advantage for using 3-D seismic base isolation for PASCAR has been discussed.

3차원 면진장치를 이용한 URANUS 액체금속로의 지진응답감소

이국희,김윤재,류강묵,황일순,유봉,Lee, Kuk-Hee,Kim, Yun-Jae,Ryu, Kang-Mook,Hwang, Il Soon,Yoo, Bong 한국압력기기공학회 2011 한국압력기기공학회 논문집 Vol.7 No.3

URANUS (Ubiquitous, Robust, Accident-forgiving, Non-proliferating, Ultra-lasting and Sustainer) has been developed with 35MWe (100MWth) operating without primary coolant pump, capitalizing on natural circulation capability of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) for long-life small and robust power units. To ensure the structural integrity, the large safety margin against Safe Shutdown Earthquake, 0.3g, and furthermore the cost effectiveness for URANUS, three-dimensional seismic base isolation design has been developed. The analytical model has been developed and seismic time history analyses have been carried out. The advantage for using three-dimensional seismic base isolation for URANUS has been discussed.

한국인 성인 남녀의 흡연관련 사망 수 추정 : 1981-2003

지선하(Sun-Ha lee),이자경(Ja-Kyoung Lee),김일순(Il-Soon Kim) 한국역학회 2006 Epidemiology and Health Vol.28 No.1

  Objectives: Cigarette smoking has been "Widely recognized as a major risk factor for lung cancer and other diseases in Western countries. In Korea, male cigarette smoking prevalence is among the world"s highest and smoking has also become a strong risk factor for lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The objectives of the study were to calculate the smoking-attributable mortality in Korea and to predict future smoking-attributable mortality based on the observed data.   Methods: Number of smoking-attributable deaths were calculated by applying the percentages of population attributable risks (PARs) to the estimated number of deaths by diseases. In this study, PARs were obtained by using relative risks from Korean Cancer Prevention Study and population smoking prevalence.   Results: Among adult male, the smoking-attributable mortality (40,087) represents 30.75% of total 2003 mortality, whereas the smoking-attributable mortality (6,120) for adult females was 5.70%. Smoking was supposed to be responsible for 37.29% of all male cancer and 26.73% of all male cardiovascular diseases, whereas smoking for 4.68% of all female cancer and 5.93% of all female cardiovascular diseases in Korea.   Conclusion: Smoking actually represents a remarkable burden of avoidable deaths in Korea. Smoking-attributable mortality appears to continue increasing in the last years.