우즈베키스탄 한방병원에서 진행한 한의약 비만관리 프로그램의 효과

이은경,정명수,유영진,권동현,이준석,장보형,윤진원,박유리,박해모,이선동,고성규,Lee, Eun-Kyoung,Chong, Myongsoo,Ryu, Young Jin,Kwon, Donghyun,Lee, Joonseok,Jang, Bo-Hyoung,Yun, Jin Won,Park, Yu Lee,Park, Haemo,Lee, Sundong,Ko, Seong-Gyu 대한예방한의학회 2015 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Objective : As part of the Korean Medicine Official Development Assistance(ODA) and Public Health Project, we implemented a obesity management program(OMP) using Korean medicine in Uzbekistan and its follow-up study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Method : We recruited the participants of whose Body Mass Index(BMI) were over $25kg/m^2$ and who agreed to participate in the program at the South Korea-Uzbekistan Friendship Korean Medical Hospital in Uzbekistan. The program consisted of auricular acupuncture, functional food, and education program on diet and exercise. It was provided once a week during 7-week period. Anthropometric measurements and blood test measuring total cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose were performed at the baseline, the end of the program, and 10-month follow-up. At the end of the program and the follow-up, survey on satisfaction and self-evaluation of the effectiveness of the program was additionally conducted. Results : 43 out of 78 participants completed the program and were included in the analysis. The analysis of the main outcomes showed that there were significant decreases in anthropometric measurements such as body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI) and body fat content as well as blood test including triglycerides, total cholesterol and blood glucose levels. In the follow-up study, 24 subjects participated and 19 subjects (79.1%) reported that they succeeded in weight control. Furthermore, many participants reported that they maintained healthy lifestyles like healthy diet and regular exercise. The satisfaction with the program was also relatively high, and the education program was selected as the most motivating intervention for weight control. The outcomes such as body weight, BMI, body fat content, and blood glucose level were maintained to be at the decreased level; however, waist circumference, total cholesterol and triglycerides levels either returned back to the baseline level or were elevated to the level higher than the baseline. Conclusion : This study suggests that the OMP using Korean medicine may contribute to weight control of obese population in Uzbekistan. It is meaningful in that the study shows the possibility of implementing health promotion programs using Korean medicine in other countries with different cultures. In the future, more efforts to evaluate the effectiveness of the programs using rigorous methodologies and utilize the effective programs in ODA project will be needed.

구개열로 인한 연인두 폐쇄 부전 환자의 보상조음

이은경,박미경,손영익,Lee Eun-Kyung,Park Mi-Kyong,Son Young-Ik 대한후두음성언어의학회 2005 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Background and Objectives The compensatory articulation not only influences general speech intelligibility, but also prevents precise assessment of the velopharyngeal function. This study was performed to investigate frequently affected phonemes, prevalence and the characteristics of compensatory articulation in the patients with cleft palate having velopharyngeal insufficiency. Material and Method An archival review was taken on 103 cleft palate subjects. Their age ranged from 2.6 to 63 years (mean age of 9.8 years). They were grouped into two : preschool group (n=71) and older patient group (n=32). The prevalence and patterns of compensatory articulation were examined on oral high pressure consonants such as plosives, fricatives and affricates. Results : Compensatory errors were observed in $49.5\%$ of the subjects and were mostly glottal stops with the exception of 4cases who had pharyngeal fricatives in addition to glottal stops. The most frequently substituted phonemes were velar plosives and tense sound. There was no significant difference of prevalence in both groups. However, errors for bilabial and alveolar plosives were more frequently observed in preschool group. Conclusion High prevalence of compensatory articulation observed in both preschool and older age group indicates that their articulation errors tend to remain unless appropriate speech therapy is provided. To improve speech intelligibility of the patients with cleft palate having velopharyngeal insufficiency, it is advisable to address and correct the compensatory articulation errors in their earlier ages.

연인두 폐쇄부전 아동의 보상조음과 정조음에서의 비음치 비교

이은경,손영익,Lee, Eun-Kyung,Son, Young-Ik 대한후두음성언어의학회 2007 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Background and Objectives: Nasometry is an easy, noninvasive method to obtain objective data regarding the function of velopharynx. However, because articulation errors may affect the results of nasometry, the examiner should interpret the nasalance score based on appropriate speech stimuli. The purpose of this study is to examine the difference of nasalance score between glottal and oral articulations in patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Materials and Method: Nineteen children between 3.4 and 12.1 years of age (mean age 5.7 years) with a confirmed VPl showing hypernasality and articulation errors (glottal stops) were included. Nasalance scores were obtained for two speech patterns of glottal and oral stops. In addition, the velopharyngeal functions were analyzed in four subjects using video nasopharyngoscopy. Results: The $mean{\pm}S.D$ nasalance scores of the glottal stops and oral stops were $42.54{\pm}16.26%$ and $25.47{\pm}16.51%$ respectively (p=.000). Six of 19 patients achieved normal nasalance scores when glottal stops changed to oral stops by the trial speech therapy. Video nasopharyngoscope confirmed that large velopharyngeal gaps can be decreased into tiny gaps or complete closure when compensatory articulations were corrected for some cases. Conclusion: Compensatory articulation errors must be corrected for the reliable interpretation of the nasalance scores that are obtained in children with velopharyngeal insufficiency, which would facilitate to make a better decision for further management of these patients.

단일항 안장점근사법에 의한 확산모형의 추정

이은경,이윤동,최영수,Lee, Eun-Kyung,Lee, Yoon-Dong,Choi, Young-Soo 한국통계학회 2010 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.17 No.3

최근 확산모형의 추정을 위한 매우 다양한 방법론들이 제시되고 연구 되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 제안된 확산모형의 추정 방법 중에서, 안장점근사법을 이용한 확산모형의 모수 추정방법에 대하여 살펴보게 되고, 가장 단순한 형태의 안장점근사법인 단일항 안장점근사법의 사용을 제안하게 된다. 단일항 안장점근사법은 오일러근사법과 마찬가지로 계산속도가 빠르고, 다양한 모형에 적용이 가능하면서도 최대우도추정량과 마찬가지로 성능이 우수한 특성을 갖고 있음을 살펴보게 된다. OU 확산모형을 대상으로 한 시뮬레이션 연구를 통하여 단일항 안장점근사를 이용한 추정량과 다른 추정량들과의 성질을 비교한다. Recently various methods were suggested and reviewed for estimating diffusion processes. Out of suggested estimation method, we mainly concerns on the estimation method using saddlepoint approximation method, and we suggest a term saddlepoint approximation(ASP) method which is the simplest saddlepoint approximation method. We will show that ASP method provides fast estimator as much as Euler approximation method(EAM) in computing, and the estimator also has good statistical properties comparable to the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE). By simulation study we compare the properties of ASP estimator with MLE and EAM, for Ornstein-Uhlenbeck diffusion processes.

롤투롤 인쇄공정 적용을 위한 차세대 나노입자 소결 기술

이은경,은경태,안영석,김용택,천민우,좌성훈,Lee, Eun Kyung,Eun, Kyoungtae,Ahn, Young Seok,Kim, Yong Taek,Chon, Min-Woo,Choa, Sung-Hoon 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2014 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Recently, a variety of printing technologies, including ink jet, gravure, and roll-to-roll (R2R) printing, has generated intensive interest in the application of flexible and wearable electronic devices. However, the actual use of printing technique is much limited because the sintering process of the printed nanoparticle inks remains as a huge practical drawback. In the fabrication of the conductive metal film, a post-sintering process is required to achieve high conductivity of the printed film. The conventional thermal sintering takes considerable sintering times, and requires high temperatures. For application to flexible devices, the sintering temperature should be as low as possible to minimize the damage of polymer substrate. Several alternative sintering methods were suggested, such as laser, halogen lamp, infrared, plasma, ohmic, microwave, and etc. Eventually, the new sintering technique should be applicable to large area, R2R, and polymer substrate as well as low cost. This article reviews progress in recent technologies for several sintering methods. The advantages and disadvantages of each technology will be reviewed. Several issues for the application in R2R process are discussed.

확산모형 전이확률밀도의 급수근사법과 그 계수

이은경,최영수,이윤동,Lee, Eun-Kyung,Choi, Young-Soo,Lee, Yoon-Dong 한국통계학회 2010 응용통계연구 Vol.23 No.2

확산모형은 최근 금융현상의 연구 등에 자주 사용되는 모형이다. 본 연구에서는 확산모형의 추정에서 중요한 역할을 하는 전이확률밀도를 구하는 방법과 이를 급수전개 방식으로 근사하는 기존 연구들을 검토하여 보고, 급수전개법에서의 계수를 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 방법을 고려하게 된다. 급수전개법 계산과정에서 중요한 허밋다항식에 딘킨연산자를 반복적으로 적용하는 과정을 손쉽게 계산할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안한다. Modelling financial phenomena with diffusion processes is frequently used technique. This study reviews the earlier researches on the approximation problem of transition densities of diffusion processes, which takes important roles in estimating diffusion processes, and consider the method to obtain the coefficients of series efficiently, in series approximation method of transition densities. We developed a new efficient algorithm to compute the coefficients which are represented by repeated Dynkin operator on Hermite polynomial.

실시간 손 인식 기법을 인용한 건반 연주 시스템

이은경,하정희,서은성,박소영,김성훈,Lee, Eun-Kyung,Ha, Jung-Hee,Seo, Eun-Sung,Park, So-Young,Kim, Seong-Hoon 한국정보통신학회 2009 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.13 No.11

As parents are interested in music education for infants in these days, they require systems to help these infants to actively play music. In this paper, we propose a keyboard solo system using a real time hand recognition method. In order to enable the infants to use the system easily, the proposed system plays some sounds whenever the infants move their fingers on a paper piano. For the purpose of minimizing cost to play music, the proposed system utilizes a general PC with only a paper piano, a web camera, and a speaker. With the aim of precisely and efficiently recognizing both a hand and each key on keyboard, the proposed system divides a recognition step into a hand recognition step and a keyboard recognition step. Also, the hand recognition step considers only skin color, and the keyboard recognition step considers only black and white without other colors. 요즘 부모들이 유아들의 음악 교육에 대해서 관심이 많아지면서, 유아들이 능동적으로 음악을 즐길 수 있도록 지원하는 시스템이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 실시간 손 인식 기법을 이용한 건반 연주 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 유아들이 쉽게 사용할 수 있도록, 종이 건반위에서 손가락을 움직이기만 하면 음원이 재생되어 연주하는 환경을 제공한다. 그리고, 제안하는 시스템은 연주에 필요한 비용을 최소화하기 위해서, 보급형 컴퓨터와 종이건반, 웹 카메라, 스피커만을 이용한다. 또한, 효율적이고 정확하게 건반과 손가락을 인식하기 위해서, 건반 인식 단계와 손가락 인식 단계를 구분한다. 건반 인식 단계에서는 건반을 구성하는 검정색과 흰색만 고려하여 건반을 인식하고, 손가락 인식단계에서 는 피부색만 고려하여 손가락을 인식한다.

일부 직업인의 건강증진생활양식에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

이은경,안병상,유택수,김성천,정재열,박용신,장두섭,송용선,이기남,Lee Eun-Kyoung,An Byung-Sang,Yu Taek-Su,Kim Seoung-Cheon,Jeung Jea-Yeal,Park Young-Shin,Jahng Doo-Sub,Song Yung-Sun,Lee Ki-Nam 대한예방한의학회 2000 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

The current industrial health service is shifting to health improvement business with 1st primary prevention-focused service from secondary and tertiary prevention-focused business, and Oriental medicine can provide such primary prevention-focused service due to the characteristics of its science. In particular, the advanced concept of health improvement can match the science of health care of Oriental medicine. Notably, what is most important in health improvement is our lifestyle, This does not underestimate the socio-environmental factors, which have lessened their importance due to modernism. The approach of Oriental medicine weighs more individuals' lifestyle and health care through self-cultivation. This matches the new model of advanced health business. Oriental medicine is less systemized than Western medicine, but it can provide ample contents that enhance health. If we conceive health-improvement program based on the advantages provided by these two medical systems, this will influence workers to the benefit of their health. Also, health Program needs to define factors that determine individual lives, and to provide information and technologies essential to our lives. The Oriental medicine approach puts more stress on a subject's capabilities than it does on the effect his surrounding environment can have. This needs to be supported theoretically by not only defining the relations between an individual's health state and his lifestyle, but also identifying the degree to which an individual in the industrial work place practices health improvement lifestyle . This is the first step toward initiating health-improvement business . In order to do this, this researcher conducted a survey by taking random samplings from workers, and can draw the following conclusions from it. 1 The sampled group is categorized into', by sender, female 6.6%, and male 93.4%, with males dominant; by marriage status , unmarried 43.9% and married 55.6%, with both similar percentage, and, by age, below 30, 48.4%, between 30 and 39, 27.4%, between 40 and 49, 18.2%, and over 50, 6.0%. The group further is categorized into; by education, middle school or under 1.7%, high school 30.5%, and junior college or higher 65.8% with high school and higher dominant: and by income, below 1.7 million won 24.2%, below 2.4 million won 14.8%, and above 2.4 million 6.3% Still, the group by job is categorized into collegians with 23.9%, office worker with 10.3%, and professionals with 65.8% , and this group does not include workers engaged in production that are needed for this research, but mostly office workers . 2. The subjects selected for this survey show their degree of practicing health-improvement lifestyle at an average of 2.63, health management pattern at 2.64, and health-related awareness at 2.62 The sub-divisions of health-improvement lifestyle show social emotion (2.87), food (2.66). favorite food (2.59), and leisure activities (2.52), in this order for higher points. It further shows health awareness (2.47) and safety awareness (2.40), lower points than those in health management pattern . 3. In the area of using leisure time for health-improvement, males, older people, married, and people with higher income earn higher marks. And, in the area of food management, the older and married earn higher marks . In the area of favorite food management, females, lower-income bracket, and lower-educated show higher degree of practice , while in the area of social emotion management, the older. married, and higher-income bracket show higher marks. In addition, in the area of health awareness, the older, married, and people with higher-income show higher degree of practice. 4. To look at correlation by overall and divisional health-improvement practice degree , this researcher has analyzed the data using Person's correlation coefficient. The lifestyle shows significant correlation with its six sub-divisions, and use of leisure time, food, and health awareness al

한국 성인의 야식의 에너지 수준에 따른 영양상태 비교

서윤석(Suh, Yoonsuk),이은경(Lee, Eun-kyoung),정영진(Chung, Young-Jin) 한국영양학회 2012 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.45 No.5

This study aims to investigate the nutritional status of night eaters using the data from 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 3,903 subjects aged 20 and above were divided into 3 groups by using 24-hr recall data according to the night snack calorie intake: non-night snack, night snack less than 500 kcal and 500 kcal and more. Their data were analyzed to find out the difference on the socio-demographic, anthropometric, blood pressure, blood parameters and dietary characteristics. Among the subjects, non-night eaters were 66.0%, night eaters of less than 500 kcal were 28.4% and 500 kcal and above were 5.6%. Male adults, young-aged, higher educated, higher income earner, breakfast skipper and frequent dine-outer (3 times and more a day) were found more in the night eaters with 500 kcal and above. Night eaters above 500 kcal showed higher waist circumference, Glu-FBS, Glu-PP120 and also showed higher daily intake of fat and alcohol per 1,000 kcal and food groups of meat & eggs, beverages and alcohol drinks (p < 0.05), while they showed the lowest carbohydrate energy ratio of 58.3 ± 13.7 among the three groups. These results suggest that habitual night snack intake above 500 kcal could lead to abdominal obesity and diabetes due to higher intake of meat, fat and alcohol. (Korean J Nutr 2012; 45(5): 479 ~ 488)

연황색의 포인세티아 ‘글로리아’ 육성

이은경(Eun Kyung Lee),김원희(Won Hee Kim),정명일(Myung Il Jeong),이동우(Dong Woo Lee),김영진(Young Jin Kim) 한국생물환경조절학회 2007 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.16 No.2