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김천식,이용석,조천웅,배상호,이상암 대한임상검사과학회 2012 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.44 No.2
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often have more aggravated symptoms in the supine position. We tried to investigate the clinical characteristics and the predictive factors for positional OSA. Polysomnographic data were reviewed for OSA patients (apnea hypopnea index, AHI≥5) from April, 2008 to April, 2011 at the Asan Medical Center. Clinical data, comorbid medical condition data and questionnaires (SF-36, MFI-20, ESS, BDI, STAI) were assessed. All patients were classified into two groups: positional patients (PP) group and non-positional patients (NPP) group. PP was defined as a patient who had the AHI in the supine position was at least twice as high as that in the lateral position. The body position of patients was confirmed by sleep position sensor and video monitor. All patients had at least 30 minutes of positional and 30 minutes of non-positional sleep. We compared clinical, medical, polysomnographic data, and questionnaire results between two (PP and NPP) groups and investigated predictive factors for the PP group using binary logistic regression analysis. In total, 371 patients were investigated. 265 (71.4%) was categorized as PP group and 106 (28.5%) as NPP group. The mean age (mean±SD) was higher in the PP group (52.4±9.8) than in the NPP group (49.5±11.9) (p<0.05). Comparison of sleep parameters between the PP and the NPP group showed that the PP group had significantly lower BMI (PP: 26.1±3.2 kg/m2; NPP: 27.8±4.3kg/m2, p<0.001), neck circumference (PP: 39.7±2.8 cm; NPP: 41.5±3.7 cm, p<0.001) and hypertension rate (PP: n=89/265 (33.5%); NPP: n=48/106 (45.2%), p=0.0240). In the PP group, the percentage of deep sleep (PP: 8.7±8.1%; NPP: 5.6±7.0%, P=0.001) and rapid eye movement (REM) (PP: 17.5±6.1%; NPP: 14.0±6.9%, p<0.001) were significantly higher whereas the percentage of light sleep (stage N1) was significantly lower than the NPP group (PP: 30.4±12.3; NPP: 44.5±20.8%, p<0.001). During the sleep, the AHI in the supine position (PP: 48.6±19.5; NPP: 60.5±22.6, p<0.001) and in the non-supine position (PP: 9.4±8.9; NPP: 48.4±24.8, p=<0.001) were significantly lower and the minimal arterial oxygen saturation in non-REM sleep was significantly higher in the PP group (PP: 80.3±7.6; NPP: 75.1±9.9, p=<0.001). There were no significant differences in all questionnaires including quality of life. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, the amount of REM sleep(%) and AHI were significant predictive factors for positional OSA. The significant predictive factors for positional OSA were older age, higher percentage of REM and lower AHI. The questionnaire results were not significantly different between the two groups. .
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6개 원소로 이루어진 짝이중결합화합물과 R_2AsCI와의 반응
주완철,이용암,유응철 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2
From the reactions of orthohydroxy-6-membered conjugated system, benzil-mono-orthohydroxyanil, with Me_2AsCl and chloro [Toluene-(2, 3)-dithiolato(2)] arsenic (Ⅲ), reaction products was isolated. From the IR and NMR-spectroscopic analysis for these reaction products, it is confirmed that reaction products are charge-transfer complexes of As. From these results, we found that the chemical behaviour of trivalent As is not analogous to trivalent P.
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개정된 미국수면의학회 판독 기준이 무호흡 및 저호흡 지수에 미치는 영향
김천식,김민주,이은미,이용석,정유삼,이상암,김우성 대한수면연구학회 2010 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.7 No.2
Objectives: The definition of accurate recording and measuring of sleep related obstructive breathing events are clinically critical as a base for quantifying disease severity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. The aim of the study was to compare apnea and hypopnea indices using different scoring recommendations. Methods: We retrospectively selected total 60 patients who were diagnosed with OSA syndrome. All sleep-related parameters including apnea index, hypopnea index, and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were measured by two different criteria; 1999 Chicago criteria and 2007 American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria for scoring respiratory events. Results: Apnea index and AHI by Chicago criteria were significantly higher than those by AASM criteria (mean 21.0/hr vs. 15.1/hr, p<0.001; mean 36.8/hr vs. 29.4/hr, p<0.001, respectively). But hypopnea index was not different between two criteria. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated a median (5th, 95th percentiles) reduction of 6.1/h (0.16, 20.57) when comparing AHI by AASM criteria to AHI by Chicago criteria. Conclusions: Our results suggested that AASM criteria intended to diagnose more confirmative OSA patients than Chicago criteria. Updated criteria may be stricter but possibly rule out mild OSA patients.
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동해안의 Cochlodinium polykrikoides 적조 발생에 미치는 해황의 특성
심정민 ( Jeong Min Shim ),황재동 ( Jae Dong Hwang ),정창수 ( Chang Su Jeong ),이용화 ( Yong Hwa Lee ),전경암 ( Kyeong Am Jeon ),권기영 ( Kee Young Kwon ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.12
Harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms have been frequently occurred in coastal areas of the East Sea since 1995. We compared the oceanic conditions in years 1995, 2001 and 2003 when the C. polykrikoides bloom was strong, and in years 1998 and 2004 when the C. polykrikoides bloom was not appeared. We studied temporal and spatial variation of upwelling and geostrophic currents on the western channel of Korean Strait, an entrance of the East Sea. The period and occurrence area of C. polykrikoides bloom was depended on variation of upwelling in summer. In the distributions of geostrophic current, southward current was dominant near the coast in August, 1998 and 2000. Whereas northward current was dominant near and off the coast in August, 1995 and 2003 which the C. polykrikoides bloom was strong. When compared dominant phytoplankton of the coastal areas in each year, Kuroshio indicator species Proboscia alata and Chaetoceros affine were dominant, respectively, in 2001 and 2003 at every stations. However, the dominant species was variable at each coastal area in 1998 and 2000. In 2003, the abundance of Sagitta elegans which is known as the cold water indicator was low, but the abundance of S. enflata, warm water indicator, was very high in Gangneung compared to Sokcho. It seemed that the distribution of S. elegans is restricted by strong warm water current. In conclusion, it was estimated that the distribution of C. polykrikoides bloom in the coastal area of the East Sea was closely related with the strength of East Korea Warm Current and upwelling.
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