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T-cell immune regulator 1 enhances metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
양희두,은정우,이경분,Qingyu Shen,김형석,김상연,서동완,박원상,이정용,남석우 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
Recurrence and metastasis are major challenges in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after resection. To identify a metastasis-associated gene signature, we performed comparative gene expression analysis with recurrent HCC tissues from HCC patients who underwent partial or total hepatectomy and from non-metastatic primary HCC tissues. From this, we were able to identify genes associated with HCC recurrence. TCIRG1 (T-Cell Immune Regulator 1) was one of the aberrantly overexpressed genes in patients with recurrent HCC who had undergone total hepatectomy. The significant overexpression of TCIRG1 was confirmed using the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas. High expression of TCIRG1 was significantly associated with poor 5-year disease-free and recurrence-free survival of HCC patients. TCIRG1 knockdown suppressed tumor cell growth and proliferation in HCC cell lines; caused a significant increase in the proportion of cells in the G1/S phase of cell cycle; induced cell death; suppressed the metastatic potential of HCC cells by selectively regulating the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulatory proteins E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Fibronectin, Snail and Slug; and significantly attenuated the metastatic potential of ras-transformed NIH-3T3 cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that TCIRG1 functions as a metastatic enhancer by modulating growth, death and EMT in HCC cells. TCIRG1 could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of liver malignancy and metastasis.
Pathogenic diversity of RNA variants and RNA variation-associated factors in cancer development
양희두,남석우 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Recently, with the development of RNA sequencing technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) for RNA, numerous variations of alternatively processed RNAs made by alternative splicing, RNA editing, alternative maturation of microRNA (miRNA), RNA methylation, and alternative polyadenylation have been uncovered. Furthermore, abnormally processed RNAs can cause a variety of diseases, including obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and cancer. Especially in cancer development, aberrant RNAs caused by deregulated RNA modifiers or regulators are related to progression. Accumulating evidence has reported that aberrant RNAs promote carcinogenesis in many cancers, including liver cancer, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and other cancers, in which abnormal RNA processing occurs in normal cells. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the precise roles and mechanisms of disease-related RNA processing in various cancers for the development of therapeutic interventions. In this review, the underlying mechanisms of variations in the RNA life cycle and the biological impacts of RNA variations on carcinogenesis will be discussed, and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of tumor malignancies will be provided. We also discuss emerging roles of RNA regulators in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Al:Au 음극층을 이용한 양면발광(dual emission) 유기 EL 소자의 Al 두께별 특성 평가
이수환,김달호,양희두,김지헌,이곤섭,박재근,Lee, Su-Hwan,Kim, Dal-Ho,Yang, Hee-Doo,Kim, Ji-Heon,Lee, Gon-Sub,Park, Jea-Gun 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2008 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.7 No.1
The Al:Au double-layer metal electrode for use in transparent, dual emission of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) was fabricated. The electrode of Al:Au metals with various thicknesses was deposited by the vacuum thermal evaporation technique. For Al thickness of 1 nm, a bottom luminance of $4880\;cd/m^2$ was observed at 8 V. Otherwise, top luminance of $2020\;cd/m^2$ were observed at 8 V. In addition, the threshold voltages of the electrodes were 2.2 V. It was forward that the inserting 1 nm Al between LiF and Au enhanced electron injection with tunneling effect.
Thin Transparent Single-Crystal Silicon Membranes Made Using a Silicon-on-Nitride Wafer
박재근,이수환,김달호,양희두,김성준,신동원,우성하,이훈주,성현민,이상금,이곤섭 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.2
We have produced various transparent silicon membrane applications, such as solar cells, microstructures, sensors and displays by using silicon-on-nitride (SON) wafers. We first tried to make them by using silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers and a buried layer of SiO2 as an etch-stop layer. However, during the wet-etching process, the buried SiO2 layer did not completely block the potassium hydroxide (KOH) etchant. The silicon membrane eventually formed micro-cracks and the membrane broke along the line of micro-cracks. Because the etching selectivity between Si and SiO2 is only 200 : 1 in 30 % KOH at 80 C, the nanometer-order thickness of SiO2 is insufficient for a suitable etch-stop layer. We have, therefore, developed a wafer that combines a dielectric etchstop layer with a SOI wafer and that makes it possible to produce transparent silicon membranes of various thicknesses.