침엽수 인공림에서 강우사상 시 부유물질의 유출 농도 예측

남수연(Nam Soo youn),최형태(Choi Hyung Tae),임홍근(Lim Hong geun) 한국방재학회 2017 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.17 No.5

본 연구는 경기도 광릉시험림 내 국립산림과학원 산림수자원 유역시험지에 위치한 침엽수 인공림(면적: 2.0 ha)에서 발생되는 부유물질의 유출 농도를 예측하기 위해, 강우사상 시 부유물질의 유출 농도, 강우량, 유출량, 탁도를 분석하였다. 부유물질의 유출 농도는 초기세척효과로 유출량의 변화에 농도가 반응하기 때문에, 유출량의 증수기 및 감수기를 구분하여 분석하였다. 유출량의 증수기 및 감수기에 따른 부유물질의 유출 농도에 영향을 미치는 강우량, 유출량, 탁도의 상관관계를 분석함으로써, 부유물질의 유출 농도 예측에 적합한 인자를 결정할 수 있었다. 상관분석 결과를 이용하여 회귀방정식을 산출한 결과, 증수기는 (0.531×강우)+(2.740×유량)+(0.330×탁도)-1.645 (R²=0.874; p<0.01)이고, 감수기는 (-0.022×강우)+(1.275×탁도)-0.148 (R²=0.886; p<0.01)이었다. 탁도와 강우는 증수기와 감수기에서 모두 부유물질의 유출 농도와 높은 상관관계를 보였고, 이는 회귀방적식의 예측도를 높인 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 장기적으로 부유물질의 유출 농도를 측정하기 위해서는 자동채수기 보다는 탁도를 통한 방법을 고려한다면, 좀 더 효과적이고 지속적인 예측이 가능할 수 있을 것이다. We examined event suspended solid concentration by ISCO automated water samplers in a 2.0ha coniferous plantation forest, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. To estimate event suspended solid concentration, we used for turbidity data based on rising and falling limbs of the hydrograph. Correlation analysis was conducted by suspended solid concentration with rainfall, runoff, and turbidity. Based on the result of correlation analysis, regression analysis was statistically as (0.531×Rainfall)+(2.740×Runoff)+(0.330×Turbidity)-1.654 (R²=0.874; p<0.01) for the rising limb and (-0.022×Rainfall)+(1.275×Turbidity)-0.148 (R²=0.886; p<0.01) for the falling limb. Rainfall and turbidity in both rising and falling limbs positively correlated with suspended solid concentration, thus the equations could be elevated for estimating event suspended solid concentration. Therefore, turbidity method could be recommend better than automated water sample method for suspended solid concentration during long-term period.

회장의 염증성 섬유양 용종에 의한 성인 장중첩증 1 예

이창수(Chang Soo Lee),남수연(Su Youn Nam),박란연(Ran Young Park),이지현(Jee Hyun Lee),정의준(Euh Jun Jeung),장유현(Yoo Hyun Jang),이계희(Kye Heui Lee),노은진(Eun Jin Rho),김나래(Na Rae Kim),양대현(Dae Hyun Yang) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회지 Vol.40 No.1

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통풍성 관절염에 동반된 슬와낭종 파열

박란영 ( Ran Young Park ),남수연 ( Su Youn Nam ),이지현 ( Ji Hyun Lee ),이창수 ( Chang Soo Lee ),정의준 ( Euh Jun Jeong ),임용성 ( Yong Seong Lim ),송영욱 ( Yeong Wook Song ) 대한류마티스학회 2002 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Most cases of the popliteal cyst rupture in rheumatic diseases have been reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A ruptured popliteal cyst is unusual in other diseases, especially in gouty arthritis. The clinical presentations of a ruptured popliteal cyst may include pain, swelling, tenderness and erythema of the calf, and mimic deep vein thrombophlebitis. It is therapeutically important to differentiate ruptured popliteal cyst from deep vein thrombophlebitis. A ruptured popliteal cyst in gouty arthritis has never been reported in Korea. We would like to report one case of the ruptured popliteal cyst into the calf in gouty arthritis mimicking deep vein thrombophlebitis.

항결핵제 복용 중 발생한 약인성 간손상의 임상상

정의준(Euh Jun Jeoung),남수연(Su Youn Nam),박란영(Ran Young Park),이지현(Ji Hyun Lee),이창수(Chang Soo Lee),이계희(Kye Heui Lee) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회지 Vol.40 No.2

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강원도 춘천시 근교의 산지계류에 형성된 계단상 하상구조의 특징

김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ),전근우 ( Kun Woo Chun ),박종민 ( Chong Min Park ),남수연 ( Soo Youn Nam ),임영협 ( Young Hyup Lim ),김영설 ( Young Seol Kim ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.2

강원도 춘천시 근교의 강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 학술림 내의 산지계류를 대상으로 계단상 하상구조의 기하학적 특성과 이에 대한 계류 지형인자들과의 관계를 분석하였다. 조사구간에 형성된 스텝의 간격, 높이 및 낙차의 평균값은 각각 4.69 m, 0.47 m 및 0.71 m, 스텝의 구성입경은 평균 0.68 m, 스텝의 형성개수는 100 m당 평균 21개인 것으로 나타났다. 스텝의 간격은 하폭대비 약 0.5로 선행연구들에 비해 작은 것으로 나타났으며, 스텝의 기울기는 평균 0.13이었다. 스텝의 각 기하학적 특성과 하폭과의 사이에는 모두 상관관계가 존재하지 않았으나, 스텝의 간격과 높이는 하상경사와 각각 부·정의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 또한 스텝의 기울기는 하상경사와 정의 상관을 보였고, 하상경사와의 비가 1.2로 나타나 유수에 대한 최대저항조건을 만족하며 비교적 안정상태를 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 하상경사는 계단상 하상구조의 기하학적 형상(스텝의 낙차와 높이의 비)에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 스텝의 간격과 낙차는 거석의 입경과 모두 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과들로부터 계단상하상구조의 동태는 산지계류의 물리·생태적 환경에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되며, 산지가 대부분인 우리나라의 계류관리에 있어서 특히 중요하게 인식되어야 할 것이다. The geometric characteristics of step-pool structures and how they are influenced by channel characteristics were investigated in a steep mountain stream in the Experimental Forests of Kangwon National University in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do. Average values of steps for the study reaches were as follows: step spacing, 4.69 m; step height, 0.47 m; step drop, 0.71 m; step-forming particle sizes, 0.68 m; number, 21steps/ 100 m; the ratio of step spacing to channel width, 0.5; and step steepness, 0.13. Relationships between spacing and height of steps and channel gradient showed a negative- and positive correlation, respectively, whereas all geometric variables of steps manifested poor correlation with channel width. Therefore, step steepness, expressed as the ratio of step height to step spacing, increased as channel gradient increased. The ratio of step steepness to channel gradient representing the criterion of maximum flow resistance was 1.2, indicating the channel bed`s stable condition. In particular, the relationship between the ratio of step drop to step height and channel gradient showed a significant negative correlation, suggesting the influence of step-pool geometry in trapping sediment and providing an aquatic habitat. Positive correlations also exist between spacing and drop of steps and step particles. Our findings suggest that the dynamics of step-pool structures may strongly control physical and ecological environments in steep mountain streams, so understanding them is essential for stream management.

산지 송전탑 건설부지의 재황폐지 발생실태와 영향인자 분석

장수진(Su-Jin Jang),전근우(Kun-Woo Chun),염규진(Kyu-Jin Yoem),임영협(Young-Hyup Lim),남수연(Soo-Youn Nam) 한국지반환경공학회 2010 한국지반환경공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2010 No.9

비만증에서 체중감소가 뇌척수액 및 혈중 Neuropeptide-Y, α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone 과 Leptin 농도에 미치는 영향

남수연,김경욱,이준희,윤수지,김경래,차봉수,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한내분비학회 2001 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.16 No.2

Background: Although leptin and its principal mediators, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) are postulated to play a pivotal role in the energy balance in experimental animals, the physiologic roles of leptin and its molecular targets are not fully identified in cases of human obesity. Methods: The subjects consisted of 16 obese women (mean BMI 35.6 ㎏/㎡) before and after weight loss that was induced by a 2 week-very low caloric diet (800 kal/day) and 14 normal weight women (who had a mean BMI of 20.4 ㎏/㎡). We evaluated the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leptin, NPY and -MSH levels and their relationship in normal weight and obese women. Additionally, changes of these peptides during a negative energy balance (800 kcal/day) were assessed in causes of human obesity. Results: Obese subjects exhibited a 6.3-fold higher plasma leptin level (21.9±1.2 vs 3.5±0.4 ng/mL, p<0.05) and a 2.8-fold higher CSF leptin level (0.29±0.02 vs 0.10±0.01 ng/mL, p<0.05) compared to control subjects. The CSF/plasma leptin ratio in normal weight subjects was 2.3-fold higher than that in obese subjects. After a weight loss in obese subjects, the plasma leptin level decreased by 40% and the CSF level decreased by 51%. The CSF/plasma leptin ratio was slightly lower than the baseline level. There was a positive linear correlation between CSF and plasma leptin level at the baseline in obese subjects (r= 0.74, p<0.05) and a positive logarithmic correlation in normal weight subjects and in obese subjects after a weight loss (r= 0.66, p<0.05). The BMI negatively correlated with the CSF/plasma leptin ratio (r=-0.86, p<0.05) in any subjects. Neither the baseline plasma levels nor the baseline CSF levels of NPY were different between the normal weight subjects and obese subjects. After a weight loss the CSF NPY level decreased significantly compared to the baseline values in obese subjects. The α-MSH levels in plasma and CSF did not differ significantly from controls in obese subjects at the baseline or after a weight loss. The baseline CSF leptin level neither correlated with the baseline CSF NPY level nor the baseline CSF α-MSH level. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the efficiency of leptin delivery to the CNS is reduced in human obesity and that the CNS leptin uptake involves the combination of saturable and unsaturable mechanisms. A marked reduction in the CSF leptin levels compared to the plasma level after a weight loss in obese subjects can be a potent stimulus for the body to regain weight. In contrast to the results that were observed in experimental animals, the CSF NPY and α-MSH did not differ from the controls in human obesity and there was no significant correlation between the CSF leptin and CSF of these neuropeptides. This could have resulted from leptin resistance in cases of human obesity although the mechanisms for this resistance remain to be determined.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

폐경후 여성에서 요중 안드로겐 대사물과 골밀도와의 상관 관계

이지현,허갑범,이현철,임승길,송영득,남수연,차봉수,원영준,김경래,권석호,정봉철 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.3

Background: Positive correlations between bone mass and androgen levels have been observed in premenopausal and postmenopausal women as well as in men. Androgen production was decreased in women with osteoporosis compared to that in age-matched controls. We hypothesized that androgen metabolism might be also deranged in osteoporosis. To clarify our hypothesis, we investigated the relationship between urinary metabolites of androgen and bone mineral density(BMD) in Korean postmenopausal osteoporotics. Methods: We examined the anthropometry and bone turnover marker in 67 postmenopausal women. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Serurn levels of estrone, estradiol, free testosterone were measured by radioirnmunoassay and serum level of sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) was measured by two site immunoradiometric assay. The urinary metabolites of androgen were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at Korean Institute of Science and Technology Doping Control Center. Results: 1. Spinal BMD had a positive correlation with height(r 0.3049, p$lt;0.05), weight (r=0.4114, p$lt;0.001) and body mass index (BMI, r=0.2638, p$lt;0,05). 2. Spinal and femoral neck BMD had no correlation with serum levels of estrone, estradiol and ten major urinary metabolites of androgen, but serum free testosterone had positive correlation with spinal BMD(r=0.3622, p$lt;0.01) and SHBG had negative correlation with femoral neck BMD (r= -0.2625, p$lt;(0.05). 3. Serum free testosterone in osteoporotics was lower than non-osteoporotics with spinal BMD(p$lt;0.05) and SHBG in patients with osteopenia was higher than non-osteopenic subjects with femoral neck BMD(p $lt;0.05). 4. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, weight and serum free testosterone were statistically significant for spinal BMD(R =0.3072). As for femoral neck BMD, weight was the independent determinant(R 0.1307). 5. Serum level of osteo#ealcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine had a positive correlation with urinary 11-ketoandrosterone(p$lt;0.05). SHBG was positive correlation with osteocalcin (r=0.3190, p$lt;0.05). 6. Serum free testosterone (r= -0.2740, p$lt;0.05) decreased with aging. Conclusion: Our data suggest that androgen metabolism is not deranged in osteoporotics, but serum free testosterone is important than estrogen on postmenopausal osteoporosis after 5-10 years menopause. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:450-462, 1997)

심경병성 근이영양증에 동반된 심근병증의 단기 성장호르몬 치료효과 1례

변기현,김동수,나준식,오수환,김인재,홍범기,권혁문,남수연,강성웅,김현승 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.8