남성화된 암컷 생쥐에서 Testosterone이 통각예민도에 미치는 영향

전명호,김명정,박제민,양구범,이국희,장세헌,강철중,Chon, Myong-Ho,Kim, Myung-Jung,Park, Je-Min,Yang, Gu-Beum,Lee, Kook-Hee,Jang, Sae-Heon,Kang, Cheol-Joong 한국정신신체의학회 2000 정신신체의학 Vol.8 No.1

연구목적 : 본 연구는 암컷 생쥐에서 출생직후 testosteorne에 노출시키면 testosterone과 연관된 통각억제계의 발달이 영향을 받으며 성인기의 testosterone 투여는 통각예민도를 감소시킨다는 가설을 검증하기 위하여 시행되었다. 방법 : 출생직후 testosterone에 노출시켜 남성화된 Institute for Cancer Research계 암컷생쥐 30마리와, 남성화 시키지 않은 정상 암컷생쥐 25 마리를 84일간 성장 시킨후 testosterone 1mg/kg를 1일 1회 3일간 투여하였다. testosterone 투여전후 통각 예민도를 tail flick latency로 실험 84일과 86일에 측정하였다. 1) 실험 84일째 기저통각 예민도는 남성화군이 $2.7{\pm}0.4$초로서 대조군의 $3.3{\pm}1.1$초에 비하여 유의하게 예민하였다. 2) 실험 84일째 testosterone 주사 후의 유해 감각 예민도는 남성화군이 $5.2{\pm}0.9$초로서 대조군의 $4.6{\pm}1.8$초에 비하여 유의하게 둔감하였고 두 군 모두에서 기저 통각 예민도에 비하여 유의하게 둔하여졌으나 남성화군에서 둔화의 정도가 유의하게 컸다. 3) 실험 86일째 testosterone 주사 전 통각 예민도는 남성화군이 $4.8{\pm}1.9$초로서 대조군의 $3.9{\pm}1.2$초에 비하여 유의하게 둔감하였다. 4) 실험 86일째 testosterone 주사 후 통각 예민도는 남성화군이 $5.9{\pm}0.9$초로서 대조군의 $4.9{\pm}1.5$초에 비하여 유의하게 둔감하였고 두군 모두에서 주사전에 비하여 유의하게 둔하여 졌으나 둔화의 정도에는 차이가 없었다. 5) 실험 84일과 비교하여 실험 86일째 주사전 통각 예민도의 변화는 남성화군이 $2.1{\pm}1.0$초로서 대조군의 $0.5{\pm}1.3$초에 비하여 유의하게 둔하여 졌으나 주사후 통각예민도의 변화는 유의하지 않았다. 결론 : 이상의 결과에서 저자는 testosterone 연관 통각억제계가 존재할 것이고 이 통각억제계의 발달은 신생아기에 testosterone 투여로 강화되며 성장후 이 통각억제계의 활성은 testosterone이 매개할 가능성을 제시한다. Objects : Aimed to test the hypothesis that neonatal testosterone exposure in female mice influences the development of testosterone-related pain inhibitory system and that testosterone administered in adulthood decreases the pain sensitivity. Methods : Thirty androgenized(testosterone propionate $100{\mu}g$ ip within 24 hrs after birth) adult female and twenty five control(normal saline $100{\mu}g$ ip within 24 hrs after birth) adult female mice were injected with testosterone propionate 1mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days from 84th experimental days. Nociceptive sensitivity was measured before and after treatment of testosterone by tail flick latency on 84th and 86th experimental days. Results : 1) On the 84th experimental day, basal nociceptive sensitivity was significantly higher in the androgenized group($2.7{\pm}0.4$ sec) as compared to the control group($3.3{\pm}1.1$ sec). 2) Testosterone treatment on the 84th experimental day significantly lowered nociceptive sensitivity in both androgenized($5.2{\pm}0.9$ sec) and control groups($4.6{\pm}1.8$ sec). However the effect was significantly greater in the androgenized group. 3) Nociceptive sensitivity on 86th experimental day before administration of testosterone was significantly lower in the androgenized group($4.8{\pm}1.9$ sec) as compared to the control group($3.9{\pm}1.2$ sec). 4) Testosterone treatment on the 86th experimental day significantly lowered the nociceptive sensitivity in both groups, but the androgenized group($5.9{\pm}0.9$ sec) showed significantly lower post-treatment nociceptive sensitivity as compared to the control group($4.9{\pm}1.5$ sec). 5) Nociceptive sensitivity was decreased significantly after injection of testosterone once a day for two consecutive days in the androgenized group(${\Delta}2.1{\pm}1.0$ sec), but not in the control group(${\Delta}0.5{\pm}1.3$ sec). Conclusions : There may be a testosterone-related pain inhibitory system, the development of which is enhanced by exposure to testosterone in the neonatal period, and the activity of which is also mediated by testosterone in the later life.

3차원 전산유체역학기법을 이용한 열차터널 방재설비 검토에 대한 연구

이승철(Lee Seung Chul),김양구(Kim Yang Koo),이승호(Lee Seung Ho),최진수(Choi Jin Soo),김응태(Kim Eung Tae) 대한토목학회 2005 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.10

일체형방화셔터가 설치된 초등학교 재실자의 피난특성에 관한 연구

이승철(Lee, Seung-Chul),김소영(Kim, So-Young),홍이표(Hong, Yi-Pyo),박영록(Park, Young-Rok),김양구(Kim, Yang-Goo) 한국화재소방학회 2009 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.춘계

본 연구에서는 일체형방화셔터가 설치된 초등학교 재실자의 피난특성에 관한 연구를 위해 먼저 일체형방화셔터를 포함한 방화셔터 전반에 대한 기초 자료를 수집 검토하였으며, 초등학교에 설치된 일체형방화셔터 작동 유무에 따른 재실자 피난특성을 비교 분석하였다. 화재 모의실험 결과, 일체형방화셔터 미작동시 최종 대피완료 시간은 130초이며, 일체형 방화셔터 작동시 에는 190초가 소요되었다. 또한 일체형방화셔터 작동시 피난대피 상황에서 초등학생들이 셔터내의 출입문을 열지 못하는 상황이 발생되었다. 이러한 상황을 고려 한다면 일체형방화셔터 작동시 최종피난완료시간은 상당히 지연되었을 것이며 대다수의 대피자들이 화재위험에 노출되었을 것이다. 따라서 향후 일체형방화셔터 출입문 개폐력에 대한 연구가 반드시 진행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

아급성 뇌졸중 환자에서 Space Balance 3D와 Tinetti Mobility Test를 이용한 균형 능력 평가의 신뢰도 및 동시타당도 연구

최지민(Ji-Min Choi),이종훈(Jong-Hoon Lee),하현근(Hyun-Geun Ha),김양구(Yang-Gu Kim),김연희(Yun-Hee Kim),배영현(Young-Hyeon Bae) 한국콘텐츠학회 2012 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.12 No.8

본 연구는 아급성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 컴퓨터화된 시각적 되먹임 균형 훈련 및 평가 장비인 space balance 3D와 기능적 검사인 tinetti mobility test (TMT)의 신뢰도 및 버그균형척도와의 동시타당도를 분석하기 위해 실시하였다. 아급성 뇌졸중 환자 총 23명을 대상으로 하였고 대상자에게 space balance 3D, TMT, 버그균형척도를 이용해 균형 능력 평가를 실시하였다. 검사-재검사간 신뢰도에서 space balance 3D의 정적균형과 동적균형은 중등도의 신뢰도를 보인반면, TMT의 세가지 점수와 버그균형척도는 높은 신뢰도를 보였다. 동시타당도에서 TMT의 세가지 점수, 버그균형척도, space balance 3D의 정적균형간에 각각 중등도의 유의한 (p<.01) 양의 상관관계를 보였다. TMT의 세가지 점수와 버그균형척도는 space balance 3D의 동적균형의 후좌측, 전좌측 방향과는 각각 유의한 (p<.05) 낮은 양의 상관관계를 보였지만 나머지 방향과는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 space balance 3D와 TMT의 균형 능력 평가는 아급성 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 능력을 평가하는데 유용하게 쓰일 수 있을 것으로 보이나 space balance 3D의 동적균형 평가는 한계점이 있었다. The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and the concurrent validity between tinetti mobility test (TMT), berg balance scale (BBS) and space balance 3D which is one of the computerized measurement and visual feedback balance assessment system in subacute stroke patients. Twenty three ambulatory acute stroke subjects were measured the TMT, BBS and space balance 3D. The test-retest reliability(intra-class correlation coefficient: ICC) indicated that the static and dynamic balance in space balance 3D considered moderate reliability and TMT, BBS were good reliability. In case of concurrent validity, there were moderate validity (p<.01) between static balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. But there were only poor validity (p<.05) between center to forward-left, center to backward-left phase in dynamic balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. These findings suggest that in subacute stroke patients the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity using the space balance 3D and TMT were valuable in balance test but there was limitation to evaluate dynamic balance test.

한국어판 PADUA 강박척도 : 신뢰도와 타당도 Reliability and Validity

박제민,김명정,김성곤,박재흥,강철중,김병철,전명호,김재형,양구범 釜山大學校 醫科大學 精神科學敎室 1998 釜山精神醫學 Vol.7 No.-

This study reports the psychometric peroperties and factorial structure of a Korean version of the Padua Inventory (PI) in clinical (35 patients withobsessive-compulsive disorder and 66 with other psychiatric disorders) and non-clinical (458 including 120 undergraduate medical students) samples. The PI total and subscales showed good internal consistency, convergent and known-group validity. Test-retest reliability with interval of one year was superior to that of obsessive-compulsive subscale of SCL-90R. PI scores of non-clinical sample were lower than those reported in western countries, apart from Dutch sample. Principal component analysis on data from whole sample suggested four-factor solutions, which was comparable to that found in other versions of the PI developed in the western cultures. Items asking urges or worries of breaking or stealing things were separated from the factor 'urges and worries of losing control over motor behavior'. Factor analysis on data from non-clinical sample revealed five-factor solution: being contaminated, checking behaviors, doubting, worries of disasters, and ruminations. The first two factors were very same as the western reports, the other three were comparable to 'impaired control over mental activities', but 'urges and worries of losing control over motor behavior' was not extracted as a separate factor in this study. Needs for cross-cultural study including other Asian countries arise to confirm lower PI scores and different factor structures in this sample reflects Korean-specific or Asian-specific culture.

스포츠센터 종사자의 직무만족도 및 직무심리상태와 고객만족도와의 관계

김양구,전호문,하지원 한국스포츠산업경영학회 2001 한국스포츠산업경영학회지 Vol.6 No.2

본 연구는 상업 스포츠센터 종사자의 직무만족도·직무심리상태 수준을 조사하고 고객만족도와 의 관계성을 탐색하고자 하는 연구로 각 스포츠센터별로 종사자의 직무만족도, 직무스트레스 및 직무심리상태와 해당 스포츠센터를 이용하는 고객의 고객 만족도의 실태를 조사하였다. 본 연구의 대상으로는 2001년 8월 현재 서울·광주·목포 지역에 소재하고 있는 상업 스포츠센터에 종사하고 있는 종사자와 이용 고객을 모집단으로 설정하였으며, 표집방법은 유층집락무선표집(stratified random sampling)을 이용하여 500명을 표집하였으며, 그 중 실제 분석에 사용된 자료는 444명(종사자 129명, 고객 315명)이었다. 본 연구에서 사용한 설문지는 인구통계학적인 변인, 직무만족도, 직무심리상태, 직무스트레스 그리고 고객만족으로 구성되어 있다. 자료분석에 사용한 통계적 기법은 기술통계 및 변량분석(ANOVA), 상관분석(correlation analysis)을 실시하였으며, 사후검증방법으로는 Duncan test를 실시하였다. 이와 같은 연구방법 및 절차를 통하여 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 스포츠센터 종사자의 인구통계적 변인에 따른 종사자의 직무만족도의 차이검증에서는 종사자의 변인 중 교육정도 변인에서만 직무만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 스포츠센타 종사자의 인구 통계적 변인에 따른 종사자의 직무스트레스의 차이검증에서는 종사자의 변인 중 성별변인 에서만 직무만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 스포츠센타 종사자의 직무만족도와 직무심리상태 및 직무스트레스간의 상관관계 검증에서는 직무만족도 하위요인과 직무심리상태의 하위요인간에, 그리고 직무만족도 하위요인과 직무스트레스 하위요인간에 대부분 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 상업 스포츠센터 종사자의 직무만족도 수준별 고객만족도의 차이검증에서는 종사자의 직무만족이 높은 상위 5개 센터와 낮은 하위5개 센터간의 고객만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 상업 스포츠센터 종사자의 직무심리상태 수준별 고객만족도의 차이검증에서는 종사자의 직무심리상태가 높은 상위5개 센터와 낮은 하위 5개 센터간의 고객만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Relationship between the level of Employees' Job Satisfaction and the level of Customers' Satisfaction in Services of Sports Centers. This study analyzed each sports center by location. This study selected 10 general centers having more than two facilities in Seoul, Kwangju and Mokpo. To study employees, this study chose all regular staff below the level of department manager, excluding probationers and student workers. 30 to 35 clients in each center were randomly selected for this survey. The questionnaire for this study has been used in previous studies domestically and abroad because of its reliability and validity. To analyze data accumulated through the survey. ANOVA and correlation analysis were carried as statistical methods, and the Duncan test was executed for post-inspection. Using the above methods and procedures, the following results were obtained. First, the difference in job satisfaction based on employees' demo graphical characteristics in the sports centers shows that there are only statistical educational differences in their job satisfaction. second, analyzing demo-graphical characteristics of employees shows that only their gender makes a difference in job stress. Third, only two factors made a statistical differene in customer satisfaction: average visit frequency per month and age. Fourth, the correlation analysis between the employees' job contentment and mental state shows that there is a likely positive correlation between subordinate elements of job satisfaction and their mental state as well as between subordinate elements of job satisfaction and their job related stress. Finally. 5 commercial sports centers where employees have high job satisfaction and mental state showed high customers satisfaction.

암 생쥐에서 Testosterone으로 인한 유해감각예민도 둔화와 이에 대한 Naloxone의 차단효과

양구범,박제민,김명정,전명호,이국희 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

In order to examine the effect of testosterone on antinociception and the role of opioid system as an underlying mechanism, thirty-seven adult female mice(Institute of Cancer Research) were randomized to Naloxone(n=18) and Control group(n=19). Testosterone propionate(1mg/kg, ip) with naloxone HCL(2mg/kg, ip) or with normal saline(5ml/kg, ip) was administered on the first and the third experimental days. Nociceptive sensitivity was measured by Tail flick test(TFL, sec) before and after injection on the first and the third experimental days. The same dose of testosterone was injected on the second experimental day. The results were as follows; 1.TFL of control group was significantly increased by testosterone. TFL of control group measured on the first experimental day before and after injection were 5.5±1.1 sec(mean±sd) and 6.3±1.2 sec, respectively, and the change was significant(t=4.06, p=0.001). That measured on the third experimental day before injection was 5.9±1.0, showing a significant increase compared to that of the first experimental day(t=2.37, p=0.029). 2.Testosterone-induced antinociception was blocked by naloxone. In naloxone group, change in TFLs measured before(5.6±0.8) and after(5.3±0.9) injection was not significant on the first experimental day. On the third day, TFL measured before injection(6.6±1.2) was increased significantly than that of the first experimental day(t=2.87, p=0.011), but it decreased to baseline level after injection of naloxone(5.3±1.3; t=4.73, p=0.000). From these results, it is suggested that testosterone has antinociceptive effect, which is mediated by endogenous opioid system.

Flutamide가 수컷 생쥐의 유해감각예민도에 미치는 영향

장세헌,김명정,박제민,양구범,한병득 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

Objectives : Previous findings on nociception modulatory effect of testosterone were controversial. In this study, androgen receptor antagonist flutamide was used to reveal testosterone effect on baseline nociceptive sensitivity and stress-induced antinociception in male mice. Methods : Experiments consist 3 Parts: 1) tail flick latency(TFL, sec, 52±1℃) was measured before and 30 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of flutamide 150, 100, 50mg/kg or vehicle(N=15 for each group); 2) TFL was measured before and after serial injection of LHRH antagonist antide(1mg/kg, ip), and 30 minutes after flutamide(100mg/kg, ip) or vehicle; 3) With pretreatment of flutamide(100mg/kg, ip) or vehicle(N=15 for each group), TFL was measured before and after 5 minutes of forced-swim in cold water(15±1℃). Results : 1.TFL was significantly elongated(hypoalgesic) in the flutamide 100 and 150mg/kg groups. TFL of flutamide 150mg/kg group was significantly longer than 50mg/kg group. 2.Though pretreatment with antide itself did not make any change in TFL, it blocked antinociceptive effect of flutamide. TFL was elongated by serial injections in both flutamide and control group. 3.TFL was elongated by FS in both flutamide and control group. FS-induced elongation of TFL was significantly more prominent in flutamide group. Conclusions : From these results, it is suggested flutamide has antinociceptive effect on baseline TFL and potentiates FS- induced antinociception.

低酸素·高二酸化炭素 GAS의 吸入이 심폐동태에 미치는 影響에 關하여

洪善熹,金潤俊,崔德生,楊九烈 醫藥係社 1954 綜合 醫學 Vol.11 No.2

장기적 트립토판 결여식이 생쥐의 강제수영 중 부동자세시간에 미치는 영향

박제민,김명정,양구범,전명호,서영대,김성곤 釜山大學校 醫科大學 精神科學敎室 1998 釜山精神醫學 Vol.7 No.-

To investigate possible relationship between depression and chronic decrease of serotonin, immobility time during forced swimming test(IT) and motor activity(ACT) in open field test weremeasured in mice raised with 4 weeks of tryptophan-free or control diet. The results were 1) IT was not affected by tryptophan depletion neither gender, 2) forced swim-induced behavioral inhibition was not observed in tryptophan depleted male mice, 3) muricidal behavior was increased in tryptophan depleted male mice. It was suggested that chronic decrease in serotonin level affected stress-related animal behavior gender dependently, and it might be related with a certain type of depression, agitated depression in males, for an example.