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Anti-adipogenic Effect and Mechanism in 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Differentiation by Salvianolic Acid B
권효신,장병철 계명대학교 의과대학 2022 계명의대학술지 Vol.41 No.2
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is one of the most active hydrophilic compounds extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza root. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the ability of Sal B to modulate adipocyte differentiation. However, the lipid-modulating effect and mechanism of Sal B in adipocytes remain controversial. Here we investigated the regulatory effect and mode of action of Sal B on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Lipid droplet (LD) accumulation and triglyceride (TG) content during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation were measured by Oil Red O staining and AdipoRed assay. The growth inhibition during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation was measured by cell count analysis. Western blotting and real-time qPCR analysis were utilized to determine the protein and mRNA expression in the preadipocyte differentiation. Notably, in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation, treatment with Sal B at 100 M led to a marked decrease in LD accumulation and TG content without influencing cell growth. Sal B treatment (100 M) further reduced the expression and phosphorylation levels of adipogenic transcription factors, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein- (C/EBP-), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)-, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3/5. Treatment with Sal B (100 M) also reduced the expression and phosphorylation levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), two lipogenic enzymes and perilipin A, an LD-binding and stabilizing protein. These results collectively demonstrate that Sal B at 100 M strongly inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation, mediated through regulation of the expression and phosphorylation levels of C/EBP-, PPAR-, STAT-3/5, FAS, ACC, and perilipin.
자유주의적 제도로서의 시장 문화와 신뢰의 발달: 59개 국가 데이터를 사용한 경로 분석을 통해
권효지 비판사회학회 2020 경제와 사회 Vol.- No.126
본 연구는 18세기 스코틀랜드 계몽주의자들(데이비드 흄, 애덤 스미스 등)의 이론을 바탕으로 시장을 비롯한 자유주의적 제도가 신뢰에 미치는 영향에 대한 분석을 시도한 다. 지금까지는 국소적 집단 수준의 가족적·집단주의적 문화가 사회 구성원의 신뢰를 강화하며, 시장을 비롯한 자유주의적 제도는 구성원들의 관계성을 약화함과 동시에 개 인의 이기적 동기도 정당화함으로써 신뢰의 구축 효과(crowding-out effect)를 발생 시킨다는 주장이 일반적으로 지지받았다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 1) 집단주의를 바탕으 로 하는 전통적 제도는 보편적인 신뢰에 부정적 영향을 미치고, 시장이 형성하는 문화 적 요소가 이를 약화한다는 점, 2) 시장은 신뢰에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 비시장적 자유 주의적 제도(법치, 민주주의, 개인주의 등)의 발달을 수반함으로써 보편적 신뢰를 간접 적으로 강화한다는 점을 밝히고자 한다. 이를 위해서, 보울스(Bowles, 2011)의 자유주 의적 시민문화(Liberal civic culture) 모델을 바탕으로, 59개 국가의 데이터를 사용해 시장과 전통적 제도, 비시장적 자유주의적 제도, 신뢰 사이의 경로 분석을 수행했다. 이 를 통해, 시장과 신뢰에 대한 상관관계는 비시장적 자유주의적 제도의 존재 및 발달과 함께 고려되어야 하며 시장의 신뢰에 대한 구축 효과는 이 제도들을 통해 완화되거나 오히려 해결될 수 있다는 사실을 제시할 것이다.
계속적 외래복막투석에서 도관기능부전시 도관제거에 앞서 도관기능 회복을 위한 처치
방종효(Jong Hyoo Bang),김준홍(Jun Hong Kim),조성(Seong Cho),권태환(Tae Hwan Kwon),김용림(Yong Lim Kim),조동규(Dong Kyu Cho) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.4
N/A Objectives: The peritonitis and peritoneal catheter malfunction remained as two major causes for the failure of chronic peritoneal dialysis. Extensive quantitative data on the nonoperative technique alternative to surgical placement of a new catheter in catheter malfunction due to dislodgment and obstruction are not available. Methods: From January 1991 through February 1993, thirteen fluoroscopy guided brushings and twelve laparoscopy guided manipulations were performed for 15 adult patients with catheter malfunction due to dislodgment and obstruction in an effort to prolong catheter life. Results : 1) The causes of catheter malfunction were four omental wrapping with secondary migration, four obstruction by fibrin deposits or blood clots, and seven dislodgment and obstruction. 2) With fluoroscopy guided brushing and/or laparoscopy manipulation, catheter malfunction were restored in 11 patients(73%). Among 11 patients, catheter malfunction were restored in 4 patients with fluoroscopy guided brushing, 4 patients with laparoscopic manipulation, and 3 patients with combination of two procedures. However, the remaining four patients, even after repeated manipulations, ended with catheters removal due to persistent malfunction. Eight patients had immediately successful restoration of catheter malfunction at the time of the procedure, two patients in the first week, and one patient in the third week. 3) There were four complications followed by the procedure : two were CAPD peritonitis and exit site infection and leakage followed by fluoroscopy guided brushing, and the other were laparoscopy related leakage from puncture site which was recovered by resting for two weeks and a broken catheter tip within peritoneal cavity which could be removed safely by laparoscopy. Conclusion: Fluoroscopy or laparoscopy guided manipulation of catheter was considered as re- commendable techniques in the catheter malfunction and could also be a desirable alternative to surgical placement of a new catheter.
사업장(事業場) 근로자(勤勞者)의 사상체질(四象體質)에 따른 생활습관(生活習慣), 자각증상(自覺症狀), 건강인식(健康認識)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)
서명효,강홍구,장두섭,왕명자,차남현,김삼태,권소희,정해경,송용선,이기남,Seo Muoung-Hoy,Kang Hong-Goo,Jahng Doo-Sub,Wang Myoung-Ja,Cha Nam-Hyun,Kim Sam-Tae,Kwon So-Hee,Jung Hae-Kyoung,Song Yung-Sun,Lee Ki-Nam 대한예방한의학회 2003 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.7 No.2
The study was conducted to evaluate the difference of life style, subjective symptoms and health cognition depending on the Sasang Constitution in the industrial workers. The results were as follows ; Constitutional distribution among exposed group were Tae-eum In(38.4%), So-eum In(35.2%), and So-yang In(26.4%) and it was turned out that Tae-eum In took a higher portion of Sasang constitution than other constitutions in technician workers. 'Exercise' and 'Obesity' were found most in Tae-eum In, In So-eum In there were many 'Normal' weight and 'Having digestive disorders' were found most in So-eum In. There were no significant difference in the health cognition among the constitutions. The closer to 'normal' weight, the higher prevalence in 'having' concern about health condition and the more 'normal' condition in sleeping, the higher prevalence of 'having' self-confident in present health.
ALD 장비의 Al2O3 공정 안정화를 위한 저온 트랩 장치의 특성 평가
권상직,서용혁,이원우,김인환,한지은,이연주,조재효,전용민,조의식 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2024 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.23 No.1
The application of the technology for forming Al2O3 thin films using ALD(atomic layer deposition) method is rapidly increasing in the semiconductor and display fields. In order to increase the efficiency of the ALD process in a mass production line, metallic by-products generated from the ALD process chamber must be effectively collected. By collecting by-products flowing out of the chamber with a cold trap device before they go to the vacuum pump, damage to the vacuum pump can be prevented and the work room can be maintained stably, resulting in increased process flow rate. In this study, a cold trap was installed between the ALD process chamber and the dry pump to measure and analyze by-products generated during the Al2O3 thin film deposition process. As a result, it was confirmed that Al and O elements were discharged, and the collection forms were two types: bulk and powder. And the binding energy peaked at 73.7 ~ 74.3 eV, the binding energy of Al 2p, and 530.7 eV, the binding energy of O 1s, indicating that the binding structure was Al-O.