고등학교 물리 교과서에 기술된 힘의 표시 방법 분석 및 힘의 표시 방법에 따른 학생들의 이해도 조사

곽성욱,김영민 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2008 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.35 No.-

This study is aimed to find effective method for force representation which is more understandable by students in learning of force concept in physics. At first, in this study, force representation methods in high-school physics textbooks were analyzed. And then, students' correct answer rates by force representation methods were analyzed also. For the study, test tools were developed by the authors for investigating student understanding about force concept in physics, and six high school science teachers and 191 high-school students were sampled for applying test tools. Some findings are as follows. Firstly, according to results of science textbook analysis, force representation methods are various, and none of them explains force representation method. Secondly, most effective method for force representation method for students to understand force concept in physics is the one which action point and force arrow is located inside of an object.

태권도 수련이 초등학생의 자아개념에 미치는 영향

곽성욱(Sung Uk Kyak),임종은(Jong Eun Lin) 한국체육교육학회 2008 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.13 No.1

암 수술 후 발생한 림프부종 환자의 바늘 흡인술 효과

양규환,곽성욱,김선현,신영태,황희진,박노혁,염창환,Yang, Gu-Hwan,Kwak, Sung-Wook,Kim, Sun-Hyn,Shin, Young-Tae,Hwang, Hee-Jin,Park, No-Hyeok,Yeom, Chang-Hwan 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2009 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: Lymphedemas are tissue fluid swellings, usually on the arms or legs, and occur as a result of impaired lymphatic drainage. Presently, the most effective treatment available is complete decongestive physiotherapy (CDP). However, this therapy is ineffective in some patients and surgery may be indicated. Herein, we examined the efficacy of minimally invasive needle aspiration of the most enlarged areas in hypodermic adipose tissues, of patients who had failed CDP. Methods: We included 21 patients who were diagnosed with lymphedema stage II-III in the upper or lower extremities and visited the lymphedema clinic at a university hospital from September 1, 2003 to February 28, 2004. All patients had been treated with CDP at least once, but had failed to respond to the therapy for more than one year. Nine patients had breast cancer and 12 had cervical cancer. We identified the area with the most severe edema by using MRI and performed a 16-gauge angio-needle aspiration on the area. The patients were followed up for 3 months. Effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by comparing the volume of edema before and after the treatment using Wilcoxon signed rank-test. Results: The mean reduction ratio of the volume of edema comparison normal volume was 41.1${\pm}$35.3% (P=0.001). There were no major or minor operative complications except localized hemorrhage. Conclusion: We conclude that a needle aspiration prior to other surgical treatments is relatively safe and effective for those patients who are unresponsive to CDP. 목적: 림프부종은 림프계 이상으로 림프액 이동이 원활하지 못하여 생기는 팔다리 조직의 팽창을 의미한다. 현재 가장 효과적인 치료법은 복합적인 림프부종 치료법이지만 이 치료는 수술적 치료가 요구되는 환자에게는 효과가 없다. 이번 연구에서는 물리 치료법에 실패한 환자의 피하 지방조직에 비침습적 바늘 흡인술을 실시하여 그 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2003년 8월 1일부터 2004년 2월 28일까지 일개대학 병원 림프부종 클리닉에 방문하여 상하지 림프부종 2${\sim}$3기를 진단받은 환자를 대상으로 실시하였다. 모든 환자는 1년 이상 복합적인 림프부종 치료법을 실시하였으나 치료에 반응이 없었으며 9명의 환자는 유방암, 12명의 환자는 자궁경부암 환자였다. 치료 전 자기공명영상(MRI)을 실시하여 부종이 가장 심한 부위를 찾아 바늘 흡인술을 실시한 후 3개월 동안 추적 관찰하였다. 치료의 효과는 치료 전과 치료 3개월 후 부종 부피를 계산하여 Wilcoxon signed rank-test를 통해 비교하였다. 결과: 치료 전과 치료 3개월 후의 평균 부종 감소율은 29.1%였다(P=0.001). 국소적 출혈 이외 다른 특별한 부작용은 없었다. 결론: 바늘 흡인술은 복합적인 림프부종 치료법에 반응이 없는 림프부종 2, 3기 환자에게 수술에 앞서 고려해볼 수 있는 안전하고 효과적인 방법이다.

Myogenic Differentiation of p53- and Rb-deficient Immortalized and Transformed Bovine Fibroblasts in Response to MyoD

김훈,이중섭,곽성욱,정지은,김태경,Chenxiong Xu,홍종산,Zhehu Li,김선명,황광연,홍기창,유승권,최윤재,김형기 한국분자세포생물학회 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.2

We have established in culture a spontaneously immortalized bovine embryonic fibroblast (BEF) cell line that has lost p53 and p16INK4a functions. MyoD is a musclespecific regulator capable of inducing myogenesis in a number of cell types. When the BEF cells were transduced with MyoD they differentiated efficiently to desmin- positive myofibers in the presence of 2% horse serum and 1.7 nM insulin. The myogenic differentiation of this cell line was more rapid and obvious than that of C2C12 cells, as judged by morphological changes and expression of various muscle regulatory factors. To confirm that lack of the p53 and p16INK4a pathway does not prevent MyoD-mediated myogenesis, we established a cell line transformed with SV40LT (BEFV) and introduced MyoD into it. In the presence of 2% horse serum and 1.7 nM insulin, the MyoD-transduced BEFV cells differentiated like the MyoD-transduced BEFS cells, and displayed a similar pattern of expression of muscle regulatory proteins. Taken together, our results indicate that MyoD overexpression overcomes the defect in muscle differentiation associated with immortalization and cell transformation caused by the loss of p53 and Rb functions.

Establishment and Characterization of Three Immortal Bovine Muscular Epithelial Cell Lines

진선,이중섭,곽성욱,이수연,정지은,김태경,Chenxiong Xu,홍종산,Zhehu Li,김선명,Xumin Pian,이동희,윤종택,유승권,최윤재,김형기 한국분자세포생물학회 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.1

We have established three immortal bovine muscularepithelial (BME) cell lines, one spontaneously immortalized(BMES), the second SV40LT-mediated (BMEV)and the third hTERT-mediated (BMET). The morphologyof the three immortal cell lines was similar tothat of early passage primary BME cells. Each of theimmortal cell lines made cytokeratin, a typical epithelialmarker. BMET grew faster than the other immortallines and the BME cells, in 10% FBS-DMEM medium,whereas neither the primary cells nor the threeimmortal cell lines grew in 0.5% FBS-DMEM. Theprimary BME cells and the immortal cell lines, withthe exception of BMES, made increasing amounts ofp53 protein when treated with doxorubicin, a DNAdamaging agent. On the other hand, almost half of thecells in populations of the three immortal cell linesmay lack p16INK4a regulatory function, compared toprimary BME cells that were growth arrested by enforcedexpression of p16INK4a. In soft-agar assays, theprimary cells and immortal cell lines proved to be lesstransformed in phenotype than HeLa cells. The threeimmortal epithelial-type cell lines reported here arethe first cell lines established from muscle tissue ofbovine or other species.

The Effects of Nano-porous Titania on Immortalized Mouse Embryonic Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

김시은,이상배,곽성욱,김종관,김경남 대한치과재료학회 2011 대한치과기재학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.11

Establishment of Life-Span Extended Bovine Fibroblast Cells Carrying the Characterization of Primary Cells

유승권,허민희,문재희,김성찬,곽성욱,윤두학,진동일,홍기창,Douglas N. Foster,최윤재,김형기 한국분자세포생물학회 2004 Molecules and cells Vol.18 No.2

Although primary bovine embryonic fibroblast (BEF)cells have previously been used as nucleus-donors fornuclear transfer (NT), it has now been proposed to useBEF cells to generate cloned cows that were geneticallymodified by transgenic or a knock-out system. A majorlimitation to gene targeting somatic cells, however, is theoverall life-span of the cell. In this study, we first examinedin vitro life-span of primary BEF cells. Primary BEFcells were found to be replicative senescent at passage10th−12th, similar to primary murine embryonic fibroblastcells. To overcome this short in vitro life-span, wehave optimized culture conditions to extend the life-spanand determined growth characteristics of BEF cell lines. Two life-span extended BEF cell lines (designated CGFR-BO-1 and CGFR-BO-2) were shown to grow muchfaster than their parental primary counterparts. Bothcell lines did not display any potential for abnormalgrowth such as foci formations in either soft-agar or confluentculture condition. In cloning experiments usingthese cell lines as a nuclear donor, the reconstructedkaryoblasts underwent apoptosis, reprogramming anddevelopment in the blastocyst stage, at a similar frequencyto those observed with parental as well as adultprimary fibroblasts. Furthermore, these cell lines targetedwith green fluorescence protein (GFP) were successfullytransduced, selected and reprogrammed by NTto develop into a blastocyst stage with GFP expression. Our results suggested methods to extend life-span of donorcells with tremendous implications for the geneticengineering of bovine fibroblast cells.

Pichia pastoris(Methylotrophic Yeast)를 이용한 항균성 양이온 펩타이드의 발현

조광근,최윤재,복진덕,이강우,곽성욱,우정희,성창근 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Antimicrobial cationic peptides have been received increasing attention as natural antibiotics for their broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities and remarkably low cytotoxicity against normal mammalian cells. Pichia pastoris, a methylotrophic yeast, is an outstanding host for high degree of heterologous gene expression. Four candidates of antimicrobial cation peptides (CPs; Lactofemicin, Magainin, Protegrin-1 and Indolicidin) were expressed using pPIC9K-MPM vector containing AOXI promoter and MPM (modified Promagainin) as an acidic fusion partner. The MPM-CPs were expressed and induced by methanol induction method. The cell extracts, solubilized, were subjected to cyanogen bromide cleavage. SDS-PAGE (16.5% tricine) analysis showed the size of Protegrin-1 at 2.1kDa and of Indolicidin at 1.4kDa. The antimicrobial activity of Protegrin-1 or Indolicidin gene integrated transformant was observed by measuring clearing zones on 1% bacto-peptone agar plate against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli XL-1 blue (10^5 CFU/㎖) or Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (10^5 CFU/㎖).

Cellular characteristics of primary and immortal canine embryonic fibroblast cells

유승권,문재희,김태경,김성찬,김재우,윤두학,곽성욱,홍기창,최윤재,김형기 생화학분자생물학회 2004 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.36 No.4

Using normal canine embryonic fibroblasts (CaEF) that were shown to be senescent at passages 7th-9th, we established two spontaneously immortalized CaEF cell lines (designated CGFR-Ca-1 and -2) from normal senescent CaEF cells, and an immortal CaEF cell line by exogenous introduction of a catalytic telomerase subunit (designated CGFR-Ca-3). Immortal CGFRCa- 1, -2 and -3 cell lines grew faster than primary CaEF counterpart in the presence of either 0.1% or 10% FBS. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that all three immortal CaEF cell lines contained a significantly high proportion of S-phase cells compared to primary CaEF cells. CGFR-Ca-1 and -3 cell lines showed a loss of p53 mRNA and protein expression leading to inactivation of p53 regulatory function, while the CGFR-Ca-2 cell line was found to have the inactive mutant p53. Unlike the CGFR-Ca-3 cell line that down-regulated p16INK4a mRNA due to its promoter methylation but had an intact p16INK4a regulatory function, CGFR-C a-1 and -2 cell lines expressed p16INK4a mRNA but had a functionally inactive p16INK4a regulatory pathway as judged by the lack of obvious differences in cell growth and phenotype when reconstituted with wild-type p16INK4a. All CGFR-C a-1, -2 and -3 cell lines were shown to be untransformed but immortal as determined by anchorage-dependent assay, w hile these cell lines were fully transformed when overexpressed oncogenic H-rasG12V. Taken together, similar to the nature of murine embryo fibroblasts, the present study suggests that normal primary CaEF cells have relatively short in vitro lifespans and should be spontaneously immortalized at high frequency.

유치의 치수와 치주인대에서 분리한 줄기세포의 특성

송제선 ( Je Seon Song ),김승혜 ( Seung Hye Kim ),김성오 ( Seong Oh Kim ),최병재 ( Byung Jai Choi ),김정희 ( Jeong Hee Kim ),곽성욱 ( Sung Wook Kwak ),정한성 ( Han Sung Jung ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2010 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.7 No.5

Many studies have found adult stem cells in human teeth or correlated tissues. However, most of these stem cells were found in the permanent teeth or pulp from exfoliated deciduous teeth. The aim of the present study was to characterize stem cells isolated from the functional dental pulp and periodontal ligament of deciduous teeth. Dental pulp tissue was obtained from deciduous teeth by extirpation during treatment for dental caries, and periodontal tissue was obtained from deciduous teeth that were extracted for orthodontic reasons or space management. We observed cell outgrowth from these tissues in ``explants culture``, and named these cells as deciduous dental pulp stem cells (DDPSCs) and deciduous periodontal ligament stem cells (DPDLSCs), respectively. These stem cells presented embryonic stem cell markers (Oct-4 and Nanog), an ectomesenchymal stem cell marker (Nestin), and mesenchymal stem cell markers (Stro-1 and CD146). In differentiation media, DDPSCs and DPDLSCs were able to change into cells that produce lipid vacuoles or cells that induce extracellular mineral aggregation, expressing genes correlated with adipogenesis (PPARγ2 and LPL) or osteogenesis (ALP and BSP), respectively. This is the first report of the presence of multipotent stem cells in the functional dental pulp and periodontal ligament tissue of deciduous teeth, which can be isolated using an explants culture method. These tissues can be obtained easily during routine dental procedures, and could therefore represent a good source of adult stem cells for use in regenerative medicine.