수온과 광주기에 의한 볼락 ( Sebastes inermis ) 의 번식주기 조절

고창순(Chang Soon Ko),장영진(Young Jin Chang),임한규(Han Kyu Lim),김종현(Jong Hyun Kim),조기채(Kee Chae Cho) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

Experiments on the control of rockfish, Sebastes inermis reproduction were performed by artificially changed water temperature (WT) and photoperiod (PP). The experiments were divided into three conditions; artificial changes of both WT and PP delayed two months against their natural variations (Exp.I), natural WT and PP replaced with artificial light (Exp.II) and natural WT and PP (Exp.III) from September to April (220 days). Initial gonadosomatic index (GSI) in female groups of experiments was 0.2. Female GSI of responded group in Exp.I began to increase from December and reached the highest value in February with 15.0, while the unresponded group kept the lower value during the experimental period. Female GSI of Exp.II and Exp.III reached the highest values in January with 13.0 and 14.7, respectively. Male GSI of Exp.I reached the maximum in October, and that of Exp.II and III reached the maximum in November and then rapidly decreased. Among the experimental groups, male GSI did not show the different tendency. Monthly changes of hepatosomatic index in both sexes showed the reciprocal tendency with those of GSI. The control of WT and PP did not affect on the changes of HSI and condition factor of rockfish. From the histological observations, maturation of ovary was delayed by the changes of WT and PP, but that of testis was not influenced. Judging from the above results, the maturation and parturition of female rockfish could be delayed one or two months by artificial changes of WT and PP.

급성기 뇌경색 환자의 화열증상 변화와 기능회복도간의 상관관계에 대한 연구

현상호,민경동,예영철,강아름,이은찬,문상관,조기호,정우상,박성욱,고창남,Hyun, Sang-Ho,Min, Kyung-Dong,Yei, Young-Chul,Kang, Ah-Reum,Lee, Eun-Chan,Moon, Sang-Kwan,Cho, Ki-Ho,Jung, Woo-Sang,Park, Sung-Wook,Ko, Chang-Nam 대한한방내과학회 2013 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine if there is a significant correlation between the changes of Fire- and Heat- related symptoms and motor function recovery in acute cerebral infarction patients. Methods : We studied inpatients within a month after the onset of cerebral infarction who were admitted at Kyunghee University Medical Center from May 2011 to January 2013. We executed correlation analysis between Fire-heat pattern score and motricity index score at visit 1 and visit 2, and checked if there was a significant correlation between the changes of Fire-heat pattern score and changes of motricity index score. Also, we compared the changes of both scores in patients taking Fire-heat and non Fire-heat pattern prescriptions. Results : There was a significant correlation between the Fire-heat pattern score and Motricity index score at visit 1 and visit 2, and changes of Fire-heat pattern score showed significant correlation with changes of motricity index score. Patients taking Fire-heat pattern prescriptions showed significant change in Fire-heat pattern score after herb-medication treatment while patients taking non-Fire-heat prescriptions showed insignificant change in Fire-heat pattern score. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that taking a Fire-heat pattern prescription could be considered as a first line herb-medication treatment in acute cerebral infarction patients.

Comparative Analysis and Usefulness by Quantitative Evaluation of Deep Learning Image Reconstruction and Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction-V in Aortic Vessels CT

고창수(Chang-Su Ko),조인완(In-Wan Cho),강지원(Ji-Won Kang),정우준(Woo-Jun Jeong),송훈(Hoon Song) 대한CT영상기술학회 2021 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.23 No.2

기존의 ASIR-V 기법과 DLIR 기법을 이용하여 영상을 재구성한 후, 정량적 비교평가를 통한 DLIR 기법의 유용성에 대하여 확인해 보고자 한다. Phantom을 이용하여 구조적 유사지수(SSIM), 신호 대 잡음비(SNR)와 대조도 대 잡음비(CNR)을 비교분석하였다. 또한 대동맥 혈관 CT(AVCT) 검사를 진행한 환자들의 영상을 바탕으로 Phantom과 동일한 방법으로 SNR과 CNR을 비교분석 하였다. 측정된 SSIM 값은 두 기법간의 영상을 서로 비교한 평균 값에서 TF와 SSIM 값이 높게 측정 되었다. Phantom을 이용한 SNR 측정값을 토대로 한 두 기법 간의 통계적 유의성 검증 결과 모든 플러그에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다.(p<0.05) CNR 측정값을 토대로 한 통계적 유의성 검증 결과에서는 TF-H와 ASIR-90%의 Brain 플러그에서는 통계적으로 유의한 수준을 나타내지 않았으며,(p>0.05) 그 외 다른 플러그에서는 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다.(p<0.05) AVCT를 검사를 진행한 환자들의 조영 전과 조영 후 영상에서의 SNR값은 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다.(p<0.05) CNR값의 통계적 유의성은 조영 전 영상에서는 하행 대동맥 측정영역에서만 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보이지 않았으며,(p>0.05) 나머지 부위에서는 통계적으로 유의한 수준을 나타냈다.(p<0.05) 조영 후 영상에서는 모든 관심 부위에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다.(p<0.05) DLIR 기법은 영상의학과 판독의와 임상의에게 정확한 진단을 결정하는데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있으며 AVCT검사에서 기존의 영상 재구성 기법에 비해 보다 나은 최적의 영상을 획득할 수 있는 재구성 기법으로 충분한 가치가 있다고 사료된다. We studied that how the Deep Learning Image Reconstruction(DLIR) technique was useful through comparative evaluation after reconstructing the images by conventional ASIR-V technique and DLIR technique. We measured SSIM with PBU-60 Phantom and compared SNR and CNR by the each tissue equivalent material, using Tomotherapy Cheese Phantom. Also SNR and CNR were compared in the same way with phantoms, using the patients’ aortic vessels CT images. As a result of comparing average of SSIM from the images reconstructed by ASIR-V technique and True-Fidelity(TF) images which were reconstructed by DLIR, the average of SSIM from TF was higher than the average of SSIM from ASIR-V. In the using Phantom the result that based on SNR between two techniques had statistical significance.(p<0.05) The result that based on CNR was significant statistically in all the plugs except for the case of CNR from TF-H and ASIR 90% at the plug of brain. SNR result, there was statistical significance between the two techniques(p<0.05) in both cases of pre and post enhanced AVCT images from the patients. At the pre-enhanced images, CNR from every part had significant result statistically except for the part of descending aorta from TF-H and ASIR-90%. However, there was statistical significance in the post-enhanced images of every ROI.(p<0.05) DLIR technique help the radiologist and the clinicians diagnose the diseases accurately. Compared to the conventional technique reconstructing the images in AVCT, it would be good enough to get much more high-quality images.

남북한 통일 어문규정 시안 마련을 위한 모색 -총칙, 자모와 소리, 형태의 표기 차이를 중심으로-

고창운 ( Chang Un Ko ) 한말연구학회 2000 한말연구 Vol.- No.6

원(元)명교체기(明交替期)의 제주도(濟州島) -목호란(牧胡亂)을 중심으로-

고창석 ( Chang Sok Ko ) 제주대학교 탐라문화연구소 1985 탐라문화 Vol.0 No.4

Goethe의 시(詩)의 내용(內容)과 형식(形式) -수마(水魔)의 시적(詩的) 재현(再現)에 대한 고찰(考察)-

고창범 ( Chang Bohm Ko ) 서울대학교 인문학연구원 1984 人文論叢 Vol.13 No.-

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, den engen Zusammenhang zwischen Vorgang und Strophenform der zwei jeweils eine Flut darstellenden Balladen von Goethe, "Der Zauberlehrling (1798)" und "Johanna Sebus (1809)" nachzuspuren und den Leser einerseits auf die geheimnisvoll offenbare Einheit seiner lyrischen Welt, andererseits aber auch auf die weise, uberlegene Einsicht dieses allumfassenden Geistes hinzuweisen. Die Ballade "Der Zauberlelirling" besteht aus 7 gleich gebauten vierzehnzeiligen trochai-schen Strophen, wie sie das metrisehe Schema beschreibt. Diese sind deutlich in 4 Teile abgesetzt: die ersten 4 Zeilen sind viertaktig, vier weitere haben 3 Takte, die nachsten vier nur 2. Die beiden letzten Verse erreichen wieder 4 Hebungen. Dabei sind die letzten SchiuBverse zu einer Nachstrophe zusammengefaBt. Gelegentlich aber wird der strenge Trochaus aufgelost,. nimmt hupfenden anapastischen Takt an und wirkt heiter und gelockert, wie in den SchluBversen von Strophe 1 und 2 (Vers 13 und vor allem 14, entsprechend in den Versen 27 und 28), wo die beschwingte Vorfreude auf das munter platschernde Bad spurbar wird: Auch die trochaische Strophenform gibt das Hastige und Drangende in der Situation des Lehrlings, das zur Bedrangnis wird, mieisterlich wieder. Sprechsituation und Strophenform dieser Ballade sind komisch, wirken nicht etwa nur komisch, sondern es erwachst auch eine uberlegene Ironie und Weisheit aus dieser vollkommenen Einheit von Inhalt und Form. Das GrundmaB der Ballade "Johanna Sebus" ist ein jambisch-anapastischer Viertakter. Bei der Betrachtung dieses Gedichtes fallt einem als erstes die ungleiche Gestalt ihrer jeweiligen Strophen ins Auge: die erste Strophe umfaBt 12 Zeilen, die zweite 8, die dritte nur 6, die vierte erstaunlich 14, die letzte nochmals 8. Die im Vergleich zu den Kreuz-reimen im "Fischer" viel hartere Abtrennung der durchweg mannlich ausgehenden Reim-paare kommt auch dem immer sich verscharfenden Gegensatz zwischen Naturgewalt der Wasserfiut und Moralgesinnung der Menschheit entgegen. Die Rolle des Rhythmus aber entspricht dem bedeutsamen Flut-und HandlungsaufriB, indem ein Metrum gewahit ist, das durch den freien Wechsel von Jamben und Anapasten jene spannende Unruhe erzeugt, die uber dem Ganzen liegt und insbesondere die Hast der bedrohenden Flut aufzufangen vermag: (3. Str.) Der Damm verschwindet, die Welle braust, Eine Meereswoge, sie schwankt und saust. Schon Suschen schreitet gewohnten Steg, Umstromt auch gleitet sie nicht vom Weg, Die zwei vorangehenden Verse in jeder Strophe widmet der Dichter dem Beschreiben des zusammensturzenden Dammes und auch der morderisch brausenden Flut, und dabei bildet er eine Vorstrophe. Andere nachfolgende Verse, alle Hauptstrophen, geben den Gegensatz zwischen dem klaglichen Ausruf der Bedrangten und der ruhrenden Tat des Bauernmadchens dramatisch wieder. Von der 4. Strophe an tritt der Dichter selbst als Anklager dieser Katastrophe in den Vordergrund, ganz anders als in der Ballade "Der Zauberlehrling", wo er nirgends spurbar ist. Die siebzehnjahrige Johanna Sebus, dem Befehl ihrer innersten Natur naiv und schuidlos folgend, ertrinkt von der Harte der wuhlenden Flut getroffen, -wie eine Heilige, eine hilfeleistende Person. Gelassen sinkt sie dem Tod entgegen- ein schuldloses Opfer der ungeheuren, zudringenden Machte. Klarheit und Tiefe der mitleidenden Seele verbinden sich in dieser beispiellos gestalteten Ballade, die asthetisch-ethisch und hymnisch ist, Aus-sage und Verhullung. Das Alterswissen urn das Gesetzliche gibt der Sprache ihr eignes Geprage. Goethe nahm die Ballade als Kunstform wichtig. Es ist kein Zufall, daB in seiner spat-eren Gedichtsammlung die Balladen einen betrachtllchen Raum einnehmen. Sein Streben zur Harmonisierung der Polaritaten drangte ihn gerade bei dieser Kunstform, fur das Phantastische und Unbestimmbare eine kiare Gestaltung zu leisten. Darin vereinigen sich immer mehr Welterkenntnis und Lebensweisheit.

재일교포 교육 실태보고

고창식 ( Chang Shik Ko ) 한국어교육학회 1964 국어교육 Vol.- No.8

청산별곡 해석에 대한 관견

고창식 ( Chang Sik Ko ) 한국어교육학회 1962 국어교육 Vol.- No.3

변이의미의 생성과 한국인

고창운(Ko Chang-un) 우리말글학회 2006 우리말 글 Vol.36 No.-

This study aims at systematic analysing and describing the generation of the transferred meaning of Korean adjective ‘kuda(big)’. Here I raise two questions. First question; What is the basic meaning of ‘kuda’? Second question; How the transferred meanings of ‘kuda(big)’ are generated by the basic meaning of ‘kuda’? The answer to the first question is that ‘kuda’ refers to the concept of physical size. The answer to the second question is that many transferred meanings are generated by the basic meaning of ‘kuda’ in relation to the meaning of co-occurring noun. And I confirm that the generation structure of transferred meaning is a radial shape.

전신진동이 난소절제술을 시행한 흰쥐 해면뼈에 미치는 영향

고창용(Chang-Yong Ko),이태우(Tae-Woo Lee),우대곤(Dae-Gon Woo),김효선(Hyo-Seon Kim),임도형(Dohyung Lim),김한성(Han-Sung Kim),이법이(Beob Yi Lee) 대한체질인류학회 2007 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.20 No.4

골다공증모델과 전신진동(whole body vibration)에 대한 많은 연구에 따르면, 전신진동이 뼈의 재흡수를 억제하거나 뼈의 생성에 도움을 준다고 보고되고 있다. 하지만 동일 개체에 대하여 전신진동의 골다공증 예방 및 치료 효과에 대해 추적한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 주파수의 전신진동을 난소적출술을 시행한 쥐에게 가한 후 시기별로 해면뼈의 형태학적 특성 변화에 대해 추적 관찰하여 전신진동의 골다공증 치료 효과에 대하여 연구하였다. 12마리의 암컷 SD (Sprague-Dawley) 흰쥐를 대조군(CON), 샴수술군(SHAM), 전신진동군(WBV 17, WBV 30, WBV 45)으로 나누었다. 골다공증을 유발하기 위하여 sham수술군을 제외한 모든 쥐에게 난소적출을 시행하였다. WBV군의 흰쥐에게 1㎜peak-peak의진폭과각각17 ㎐ (WBV 17), 30 ㎐ (WBV 30), 45 ㎐ (WBV 45)의주파수를갖는 전신진동을 1주일에 5일, 매일 30분씩 가하였다. 진동을 가하기 전과 가한지 8주 후에 쥐의 4번째 허리뼈를 Invivo Micro-CT를 이용하여 35 μm의 해상도로 촬영하였다. 이때 획득한 영상을 이용하여 구조적인 파라미터들을 구하고 해면뼈의 형태학적인 특징 변화에 대해 관찰하였다. 그 결과 WBV 45군의 뼈의 양적인 손실이 가장 적었으며 뼈잔기둥의 형태학적인 변화 역시 가장 적었고, WBV 17군은 대조군에 비하여 뼈잔기둥의 형태학적인 큰 변화는 없지만 뼈의 양적인 손실이 대조군에 비해서도 큰 편임을 알 수 있었다. 위의 결과로부터 적절한 진동은 뼈의 양적인 손실 및 구조적 변화를 방지할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었지만, 잘못된 전신진동은 뼈의 손실을 더 가속화시키는 것으로 사료된다. 그러므로 전신진동이 골다공증 치료의 새로운 방법으로 제시되어질 수 있다고 사료된다. Previous studies showed that whole body vibration could prevent bone resorption and stimulate new bone formation. The aim of this study is to detect and track effect of whole body vibration for osteoporotic bone of OVX rats. 12 Female rats were used and allocated into 5 group, CON, SHAM, WBV 17, WBV 30 and WBV 45. Rats except SHAM group were ovariectomised to induce osteoporosis. Rats in WBV groups were stimulated whole body vibration at magnitude of 1 ㎜peak-peak and frequency 17 ㎐, 30 ㎐ and 45 ㎐, repectively, for 8 weeks (20 min, 5 days/week). The 4th lumbar in rats were scanned at a resolution of 35 μm at baseline, before stimulation, and 8 weeks by In-vivo Micro-CT. To detect and track changes of morphological characteristics in lumbar trabecuar bone of rats, structural parameters were measured and calculated from acquiring images. In the results, changes of structural characteristics of WBV group were smaller than those of CON group. Loss of quantity of trabecular bone in WBV 45 was the least. In contrast, that in WBV 17 was the biggest. These results showed that reasonable whole body vibration beneficially affected osteoporotic bones. In addition to, whole body vibration was likely to be substituted partly for drug treatment.