한국 밀식사과원의 정지전정에 따른 수체생장과 생산성 및 경영효율 비교

정혜웅,김경훈,송태영,홍성일,한호균,김귀권,신종협,여덕환,김병철,박준권,Jung, H.W.,Kim, K.H.,Song, T.Y.,Hong, S.I.,Han, H.K.,Kim, K.K.,Shin, J.H.,Yeo, D.H.,Kim, B.C.,Park, J.K. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2017 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.19 No.1

The present study conducted a comparison on tree growth and productivity of high-density apple orchards by several orchard management systems: making scaffolds by heading-back and thinning out pruning (T-1), maintaining scaffolds upward and bearing shoots downward (T-2), managing branches slightly upward without heading-back (T-3), keeping leaders downward and shoots pending (T-4), maintaining leaders high and branches horizontal with severe pinching (T-5), making leaders with lower branches vigorous and upper shoots pending (T-6), and controlling very high planting density with bending branches (T-7). In conclusion, the orchards of (T-5) and (T-6) management systems showed a superior performance in controlling tree growth, productivity, and quality of fruits. Also, superior management efficiency was obtained in the orchards of (T-5) and (T-6).

Control of phonon transport by the formation of the Al2O3 interlayer in Al2O3-ZnO superlattice thin films and their in-plane thermoelectric energy generator performance

Park, N. W.,Ahn, J. Y.,Park, T. H.,Lee, J. H.,Lee, W. Y.,Cho, K.,Yoon, Y. G.,Choi, C. J.,Park, J. S.,Lee, S. K. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Nanoscale Vol.9 No.21

<P>Recently, significant progress has been made in increasing the figure-of-merit (ZT) of various nanostructured materials, including thin-film and quantum dot superlattice structures. Studies have focused on the size reduction and control of the surface or interface of nanostructured materials since these approaches enhance the thermopower and phonon scattering in quantum and superlattice structures. Currently, bismuth-tellurium-based semiconductor materials are widely employed for thermoelectric (TE) devices such as TE energy generators and coolers, in addition to other sensors, for use at temperatures under 400 K. However, new and promising TE materials with enhanced TE performance, including doped zinc oxide (ZnO) multilayer or superlattice thin films, are also required for designing solid-state TE power generating devices with the maximum output power density and for investigating the physics of in-plane TE generators. Herein, we report the growth of Al2O3/ZnO (AO/ZnO) superlattice thin films, which were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and the evaluation of their electrical and TE properties. All the in-plane TE properties, including the Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical conductivity (sigma), and thermal conductivity (kappa), of the AO/ZnO superlattice (with a 0.82 nm-thick AO layer) and AO/ZnO films (with a 0.13 nm-thick AO layer) were evaluated in the temperature range 40-300 K, and the measured S, s, and. were -62.4 and -17.5 mu V K-1, 113 and 847 (Omega cm)(-1), and 0.96 and 1.04 W m(-1) K-1, respectively, at 300 K. Consequently, the in-plane TE ZT factor of AO/ZnO superlattice films was found to be similar to 0.014, which is approximately two times more than that of AO/ZnO films (ZT of similar to 0.007) at 300 K. Furthermore, the electrical power generation efficiency of the TE energy generator consisting of four couples of n-AO/ZnO superlattice films and p-Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (p-BST) thin-film legs on the substrate was demonstrated. Surprisingly, the output power of the 100 nm-thick n-AO/ZnO superlattice film/p-BST TE energy generator was determined to be similar to 1.0 nW at a temperature difference of 80 K, corresponding to a significant improvement of similar to 130% and similar to 220% compared to the 100 nm-thick AO/ZnO film/p-BST and n-BT/p-BST film generators, respectively, owing to the enhancement of the TE properties, including the power factor of the superlattice film.</P>

Novel signaling axis for ROS generation during K-Ras-induced cellular transformation

Park, M-T,Kim, M-J,Suh, Y,Kim, R-K,Kim, H,Lim, E-J,Yoo, K-C,Lee, G-H,Kim, Y-H,Hwang, S-G,Yi, J-M,Lee, S-J Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014 CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION Vol.21 No.8

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known to be involved in oncogene-mediated cellular transformation. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying ROS generation in oncogene-transformed cells are unclear. In the present study, we found that oncogenic K-Ras induces ROS generation through activation of NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1), which is a critical regulator for the K-Ras-induced cellular transformation. NOX1 was activated by K-Ras-dependent translocation of p47<SUP>phox</SUP>, a subunit of NOX1 to plasma membrane. Of note, PKCδ, when it was activated by PDPK1, directly bound to the SH3-N domain of p47<SUP>phox</SUP> and catalyzed the phosphorylation on Ser348 and Ser473 residues of p47<SUP>phox</SUP> C-terminal in a K-Ras-dependent manner, finally leading to its membrane translocation. Notably, oncogenic K-Ras activated all MAPKs (JNK, ERK and p38); however, only p38 was involved in p47<SUP>phox</SUP>-NOX1-dependent ROS generation and consequent transformation. Importantly, K-Ras-induced activation of p38 led to an activation of PDPK1, which then signals through PKCδ, p47<SUP>phox</SUP> and NOX1. In agreement with the mechanism, inhibition of p38, PDPK1, PKCδ, p47<SUP>phox</SUP> or NOX1 effectively blocked K-Ras-induced ROS generation, anchorage-independent colony formation and tumor formation. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that oncogenic K-Ras activates the signaling cascade p38/PDPK1/PKCδ/p47<SUP>phox</SUP>/NOX1 for ROS generation and consequent malignant cellular transformation.

성장호르몬 분비 종양을 지닌 흰쥐에서 사료 급여의 제한에 따른 소마토메딘의 활력

임태진(T . J . Rhim),박경식(K . S . Park) 한국영양사료학회 1996 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.20 No.3

Common promoter polymorphism in monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 is associated with serum triglyceride levels and body mass index in non-diabetic individuals

Shin, H. D.,Park, K. S.,Park, B. L.,Cheong, H. S.,Cho, Y. M.,Lee, H. K.,Lee, J.-Y.,Lee, J.-K.,Kim, H. T.,Han, B. G.,Kim, J. W.,Koh, I.,Kim, Y. J.,Oh, B.,Kimm, K.,Park, C. Blackwell Science Ltd 2006 Diabetic medicine Vol.23 No.1

<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims </P><P>Growing evidence supports the hypothesis that chronic low-grade inflammation related to innate immunity may play an important role in the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 gene (<I>CD14</I>) acts as the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and augments monocyte/macrophage inflammatory responses.</P><P>Methods </P><P>We have sequenced the gene, including all exons, exon/intron boundaries, and the −1.5 kb of the 5′ flanking region. Two common loci (minor allele frequency > 0.05) were genotyped in 775 T2DM patients and 316 control subjects recruited in the Korean T2DM Study.</P><P>Results </P><P>Eight polymorphisms, including four non-synonymous forms, were identified in <I>CD14</I>. No polymorphisms were found in association with T2DM. However, one common promoter SNP (<I>−260T>C</I>) was significantly associated with both the serum triglyceride level (TG) and body mass index (BMI) in non-diabetic control subjects. Individuals who carried the minor allele (C) had higher TG levels (1.65 ± 0.81 vs. 1.46 ± 0.80 mmol/l; <I>P</I> = 0.0007) and BMI (23.96 ± 3.00 vs. 23.28 ± 3.22 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>; <I>P</I> = 0.04) as compared with subjects carrying T/T genotypes.</P><P>Conclusion </P><P>Our data suggest that lipid metabolism and obesity, important pathophysiological elements of T2DM and the metabolic syndrome, are regulated by complex mechanisms that include the CD14 gene polymorphism-mediated genetic propensity to non-specific inflammatory responses.</P>

The Effects of Stress Related Genes on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality in Pigs

H. J. Jin,B. Y. Park,J. C. Park,I. H. Hwang,S. S. Lee,S. H. Yeon,C. D. Kim,C. Y. Cho,Y. K. Kim,K. S. Min,S. T. Feng,Z. D. Li,C. K. Park,C. I. Kim 아세아·태평양축산학회 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.2

The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between stress related gene and meat quality in pigs. A total number of 212 three-way cross bred (Landrace-Yorkshire횞Duroc) and 38 Duroc were sampled from the Korean pig industry to determine genotype requency of porcine stress syndrome (PSS) and heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) genes and their relationship with carcass traits and longissimus meat quality. Screen of HSP70 was performed by the single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique. Based on the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene, genetic disorder of PSS was related to a mutation at 18,168th (C to T) of exon 17. There was no significant difference in ultimate meat pH and backfat thickness between HSP70 K1-AA type and -BB type in pure Duroc breed. In Landrace-Yorkshire횞Duroc (L-YxD) cross bred pig, our results indicated that HSP70 derivate type in Duroc had a limited effect on backfat thickness, but L-YxD type had a noticeable linkage with HSP70 K1-AA and K3-AB. This tendency was also observed in hot carcass weight where HSP70 K1-AA and K3-AB resulted in heavier weight with 86.3 kg compared to HSP70 K1-AB and K3-BB of 74.3 kg. Results imply that stress related HSP70 genotype has a potential association with backfat thickness and carcass weight.

Frustrated minority spins in GeNi₂O₄

Matsuda, M.,Chung, J.-H.,Park, S.,Sato, T. J.,Matsuno, K.,Aruga Katori, H.,Takagi, H.,Kakurai, K.,Kamazawa, K.,Tsunoda, Y.,Kagomiya, I.,Henley, C. L.,Lee, S.-H. Editions de Physique 2008 Europhysics letters Vol.82 No.3

<P>Recently, two consecutive phase transitions were observed, upon cooling, in an antiferromagnetic spinel GeNi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> at <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>1</SUB>=12.1 K and <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>2</SUB>=11.4 K, respectively (Crawford M. K. <I>et al</I>., <I>Phys. Rev. B</I>, <B>68</B> (2003) 220408(R)). Using unpolarized and polarized elastic neutron scattering we show that the two transitions are due to the existence of frustrated minority spins in this compound. Upon cooling, at <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>1</SUB> the spins on the ⟨111⟩ kagome planes order ferromagnetically in the plane and antiferromagnetically between the planes (phase I), leaving the spins on the ⟨111⟩ triangular planes that separate the kagome planes frustrated and disordered. At the lower <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>2</SUB>, the triangular spins also order in the ⟨111⟩ plane (phase II). We also present a scenario involving exchange interactions that qualitatively explains the origin of the two purely magnetic phase transitions.</P>

톱밥 발효사료 급여 및 분말어유의 첨가사료가 돈육의 이화학적 성질에 미치는 영향

이정일,문점동,박구부,박범영,박태선,황보종,이한기,진상근,김영직 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of pork quality pigs which were fed with diets supplemented with fermented sawdust and sardin powder oil. The pigs were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments: a), control (commercial feed); b), T1 (30% fermented sawdust); c), T2 (10% sardin powder oil) d), T3 (30% fermented sawdust, l0% sardin powder oil and 30% limited amino acid) from 30 kg to 110 kg B. Wt. and slaughtered. The samples were stored at 0±1 C. The physico-chemical properties were determined at the dust of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 15. For the loin the pH's of all the treatments on the 15th day were higher than those of the 2nd day, and that of TI was higher than those of the others. The total moisture contents of all treatments decreased with the storage (P$lt;0.05), and there were no significant differences among treatments on the 15th day. The water soluble proteins of all treatments increased with time and were highest on the 8th day and decreased gianibicanth thereater. T1 had significantly higher water soluble protein than others(P$lt;0.05). The salt soluble proteins of all treatments increased with lure the days(P$lt;0.05). T1 had higher salt soluble protein than others during the storage period(P$lt;0.05). The brittleness, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of all the treatments were not significantly different among during the period, but elasticity of them increased after from the 2nd day. The brittleness of control was higher than that of the others on the 15th day, and the hardness and chewiness of control were higher than those of the others on the 6th day(P$lt;0.05). Forthebelly the pH's of all the treatments on the 15th day were higher than those of the at 2nd day(P$lt;0.05). T1 showed higher pH than the others during the period(P$lt;0.05). The total moisture contents of control and T1 were significantly decreased with time and there were no significant differences between T2 and T3. T1 showed the highest value. The water soluble proteins of all the treatments decreased with time and was lower on the 15th day(P$lt;0.05). That of control and T1 was significantly higher than that of others on the 2nd day, but there were no significant differences among the treatments on the 15th day. The salt soluble proteins of all treatments increased with time (P$lt;0.05), and they were highest on the 15th day. T1 had significantly higher salt soluble protein than the others on the 8th and 15th days.

PET 영상의 잡음개선을 위한 적응적 공간 필터 개발

우상근,최용,임기천,송태용,정진호,이경한,김상은,최연성,박장춘,김병태,Woo, S. K.,Choi, Y.,Im, K. C.,Song, T. Y.,Jung, J. H.,Lee, K. H.,Kim, S. E.,Choe, Y. S.,Park, C. C.,Kim, B. T. 대한의용생체공학회 2002 의공학회지 Vol.23 No.3

양전자방출단층촬영기(Positron emission tomography, PET) 영상 개선을 위하여 적응적 공간 필터를 개발하였으며. 개발한 필터의 성능을 시뮬레이션데이터. 모형 PET 영상과 환자 PET 영상을 이용하여 평가하였다. 경계화소로 검출된 화소와 윈도우내의 모든 화소값이 동일한 화소는 보존하고. 그 외 화소에 대하여 2:7:2 비율로 가중치를 주어 정열한 후 중앙의 9개 화소에 대한 평균값으로 대치하였다. 경계화소를 검출하기 위하여 두 개의 임계값(TH7, TH2)을 이용하였으며. 다음의 조건을 만족하면 경계화소로 판단하였다 . THl ($pix_max{\times}0.1/log_2(NPM)$, NPM :주변값중 최상위 값과 최하위 값을 제외한 주변값들의 평균) 보다 작은 ADs (중앙값과 주변값의 차에 대한 절대값) 개수는 8-k이고. TH2 ($NPM{\times}0.1$) 보다 큰 ADs 개수는 k. 여기서 k는 2, 3 ‥‥ 6의 값을 가진다 성능평가 결과 이 연구에서 제안한 필터가 가우시안 필터, 가중메디안 필터, 부분집합평균메디안 필터 등과 비교하여 우수한 성능을 제공하는 것을 관찰하였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 간단한 적응적 공간 필터는 공간 분해능 저하는 최소화하면서 균일도와 대조도를 향상시키는데 효과적 이여서 정확한 PET 영상 해석에 기여할 것으로 기대된다 A spatially adaptive falter was formulated to imrove PET image qualify and the Performance of the filter was evaluated using simulation and phantom and human PET studies. In the proposed filter. if a pixel was identified as the edge Pixel, the Pixel value was Preserved. Otherwise a Pixel was replaced by the mean of the pixel values weighted by 2:7: 2. A Pixel was identified as the edge Pixel. if it satisfies the following conditions : the number of ADs (absolute difference between center and neighborhood pixels) which is smaller than THl (($pix_max{\times}0.1/log_2(NPM)$, NPM : mean of 6 neighborhood pixels excluding minimum and maximum) is 8-k and the number of ADs which is lager than TH2 ($NPM{\times}0.1$) is k. where k : 2, 3, …, 6. The results of this study demonstrate the superior performance of the Proposed titter compared to Gaussian fitter, weight median filter and subset averaged median filter. The proposed tittering method is simple but effective in increasing uniformity and contrast with minimal degradation of spatial resolution of PET images and thus. is expected to Provide improved diagnositc quality PET images .

한국인 Long Term Non Progressors로부터 분리된 HIV-1 env 및 nef 유전자와 이들의 면역 유전학적 특성 분석에 의한 질병진전 요인 규명

이주실,강춘,김성순,박근용,고운영,기미경,최병선,남정구,서순덕,이성래,구본기,박혜경,도경미,김태규,최희백,조현일,김요숙,김지영,이해정,안수진 국립보건연구원 1999 국립보건원보 Vol.36 No.-