Caspase-8 controls the secretion of inflammatory lysyl-tRNA synthetase in exosomes from cancer cells

Kim, Sang Bum,Kim, Hye Rim,Park, Min Chul,Cho, Seongmin,Goughnour, Peter C.,Han, Daeyoung,Yoon, Ina,Kim, YounHa,Kang, Taehee,Song, Eunjoo,Kim, Pilhan,Choi, Hyosun,Mun, Ji Young,Song, Chihong,Lee, Sang Rockefeller University Press 2017 The Journal of cell biology Vol.216 No.7

<P>Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs), enzymes that normally control protein synthesis, can be secreted and have different activities in the extracellular space, but the mechanism of their secretion is not understood. This study describes the secretion route of the ARS lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) and how this process is regulated by caspase activity, which has been implicated in the unconventional secretion of other proteins. We show that KRS is secreted from colorectal carcinoma cells within the lumen of exosomes that can trigger an inflammatory response. Caspase-8 cleaved the N-terminal of KRS, thus exposing a PDZ-binding motif located in the C terminus of KRS. Syntenin bound to the exposed PDZ-binding motif of KRS and facilitated the exosomic secretion of KRS dissociated from the multi-tRNA synthetase complex. KRS-containing exosomes released by cancer cells induced macrophage migration, and their secretion of TNF-α and cleaved KRS made a significant contribution to these activities, which suggests a novel mechanism by which caspase-8 may promote inflammation.</P>

도메인 특화 사전학습 언어모델 개발 전략: 자동차 분야 언어모델 V-BERT 개발 사례

김윤하(Younha Kim),전윤수(Yunsu Jeon),김준우(Junwoo Kim),김남규(Namgyu Kim) 한국정보과학회 2023 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.29 No.5

최근 방대한 텍스트 데이터에 대해 사전학습을 수행한 모델인 사전학습 언어모델이 다양한 텍스트 분석에 활용되며 성과를 거두고 있다. 하지만 BERT와 같은 범용 사전학습 언어모델은 전문 도메인의 말뭉치에 대해서는 비교적 낮은 성능을 보인다는 한계를 가지며, 이에 따라 전문 도메인에 맞게 도메인 특화 사전학습 언어모델을 새롭게 개발하고자 하는 수요가 증가하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 수요에 비해 도메인 특화 사전학습 언어모델을 개발하기 위한 체계적인 전략 및 접근법에 대한 논의는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 도메인 특화 언어모델 개발 시 고려해야할 사항을 정리하여 제안하였으며, 이러한 개발 전략에 따라 자동차 분야 언어모델인 V-BERT를 개발한 사례를 소개하였다. 또한 자동차 분야의 전문 문서에 대한 실험을 통해 V-BERT 기반 CPC 분류 모델이 일반 BERT 기반 모델에 비해 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인하였다. Recently, pre-trained language models created through pre-training on vast text data have been used for various text analyses. However, general-purpose pre-trained language models, such as BERT, have a limitation as they show relatively low performance for a corpus of specialized domains. Therefore, the demand for newly developing domain-specific pre-trained language models suitable for specialized domains is increasing. However, compared to this demand, more discussion is needed on systematic strategies and approaches to develop domain-specific pre-trained language models. Therefore, in this study, we summarized the critical factors to be considered when developing a domain-specific language model, and introduced an example of developing V-BERT, a language model for the automotive sector, according to this development strategy. In addition, through experiments using patents and papers in the automotive field, we confirmed that the V-BERT-based CPC classification model performed better than the general BERT-based model.

Guideline Adherence to Chemotherapy Administration Safety Standards: A Survey on Nurses in Single Institute (초)

김기동 ( Kidong Kim ),( Younha Kim ),( Hee Sook Lee ),( Yu Suk Yu ),( Do Young Kwon ),( Sang Il Park ),( Beob Jong Kim ),( Moon Hong Kim ),( Seok Cheol Choi ),( Sang Young Ryu ),( Eui Don Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.96 No.-

토픽 모델링을 이용한 마약 관련 기사의 연도별 동향 분석

Younha Kim,Jun Kwon Hwangbo 한국정보통신학회 2024 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.28 No.3

Improving Speciation of VOC in IAMs and Potential Implications on Air Quality

Younha Kim,Minwoo Park,Jung-Hun Woo,Zbigniew Klimont 한국대기환경학회 2022 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.10

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

생활 속 미세먼지 영향평가를 위한 소형센서의 신뢰성 및 활용성 평가

김진수 ( Jinsu Kim ),장유정 ( Youjung Jang ),김진석 ( Jinseok Kim ),박민우 ( Minwoo Park ),부찬종 ( Chanjong Bu ),이윤구 ( Yungu Lee ),김윤하 ( Younha Kim ),우정헌 ( Jung-hun Woo ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2018 환경영향평가 Vol.27 No.4

국내의 미세먼지 문제가 심각해짐에 따라 개인이 활동하는 주변공간의 미세먼지 농도를 알고자 하는 욕구 또한 증가하여 직접 미세먼지의 실시간 농도를 측정할 수 있는 휴대용 미세먼지측정센서에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 시중에 판매되는 미세먼지 간이측정기는 정해진 인증기준 없이 제작·판매되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근 판매가 급증하고 있는 휴대용 미세먼지 측정센서의 농도값을 어느 정도 신뢰할 수 있는지와 이러한 센서들이 어떠한 경우에 활용될 수 있는 지에 대해 일반적인 시민의 입장에서 고찰할 필요가 있다고 판단하였다. 이를 위해, 1) 기기 간 상호비교 및 보다 정확한 장비와의 비교를 수행하고, 2) 휴대용 기기를 활용하여 미세먼지의 영향을 저감할 수 있는 방안들에 대한 검증실험을 수행해 보았다. 그 결과 휴대용센서들의 농도 절대값을 그대로 신뢰하기엔 문제가 있었지만, 그 재현성과 선형성은 실생활에서 활용되기에 유용하다고 판단되었다. 또한 휴대용 미세먼지 측정센서를 사용함으로써 사용자들은 자기 주변의 변화하는 미세먼지 농도에 대해 빠르게 인지하고 대처 할 수 있을 것으로 판단되어, 미세 먼지 오염의 피해를 줄이는 데 활용할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다. As atmospheric fine dust problems in Korea become more serious, there are growing needs to find the concentration of fine particles in indoor and outdoor areas and there are increasing demands for sensor-based portable monitoring devices capable of measuring fine dust concentrations instantly. The low-cost portable monitoring devices have been widely manufactured and used without the prescribed certification standards which would cause unnecessary confusion to the concerned public. To evaluate the reliability those devices and to improve their usability, following studies were conducted in this work; 1) The comparisons between sensor-based devices and comparison with more accurate devices were performed. 2) Several experiments were conducted to understand usefulness of the portable monitoring devices. As results, the absolute concentration levels need to be adjusted due to insensitivity of the tiny light scattering sensors in the portable devices, but their linearity and reproducibility seem to be acceptable. By using those monitoring devices, users are expected to have benefits of recognizing the changes of concentration more quickly and could help preventing themselves from the adverse health impacts.

일본뇌염백신 CJ-50003의 일반약리작용

김영훈(Young Hoon Kim),최재묵(Jae Mook Choi),홍선표(Sun Pyo Hong),문상범(Sang Bum Moon),김수옥(Soo Ok Kim),이윤하(Younha Lee),이영수(Young Soo Lee) 한국독성학회 1999 Toxicological Research Vol.15 No.2

To develop the second generation Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine, an attenuated JE vaccine virus strain SA14-14-2 (PDK) was adapted to Vero cell. The resulting virus SA14-14-2 (Vero) was purified using sucrose density gradient, inactivated with formalin and mixed with alum hydroxide to prepare the test vaccine named CJ-50003. The general pharmacological properties of CJ-50003 were evaluated in mice, rats, dogs and isolated guinea pig ileum. The doses were 0.16~ 16 ㎍/kg i.m. for mice and rats and 0.48-1.6 ㎍/kg i.v. for dogs. The concentration of 0.0016-0.16 mg/ml were used for the assay with guinea pig ileum. lntramuscular administration of CJ-50003 at the doses did not alter general behavior and the responses for central nervous system, smooth muscles, gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular and respiratory system and water and electrolytes excretion. In summary, CJ-50003 had no pharmacological effect in these studies even up to the 100-fold of the expected clinical dose, 5 ㎍/man/30 kg.

Relation between the emoticons and emotions

Minseop Kim,Juyong Chun,Seonyeong Jeon,Younha Chang,Pf. Youngshin Kwak 한국HCI학회 2017 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.2

This study aims to investigate relations between the emoticons and emotions using the ‘kakaotalk’ default emoticons. The emoticon distribution map would be made with new axes from PCA and some ‘Kakaotalk’ default emoticons. Facial expression and gesture cannot be expressed on mobile messenger. This leads to the global use of emoticon which complements the limitation of mobile messenger communication. Therefore, this study will see what emotions are delivered by each emoticons. 8 adjectives are generated and reduced through focus group interview, categorizing, and literature studies to evaluate stimuli, which is emoticons consisted of facial expression and motion. 37 emoticons are selected as the stimuli based on our own criteria such as emoticons that express emotions with a various degree rather than situations. The semantic differential experiment is performed with 12 subjects and monopolar scales of 8 adjectives. After PCA, the 1<SUP>st</SUP> principal component is defined as positiveness and 2<SUP>nd</SUP> one is unpredictability, which explains the results up to about 80%. Some emotions were orthogonal to one another and there are more various emotions in negative emoticons rather than positive space. We concluded that the threshold for using positive emoticons is much higher in comparison with that of negative emoticon. There were somewhat empty space at the positive area in the emoticon distribution map, which means less expressed emotion space through emoticons at the positive area. The emoticon designer could focus on that empty space on the map to fascinate messenger’s users.

NMVOC 배출 저감 정책에 따른 배출 조성 변화 및 대기질 영향 분석

박민우,Younha Kim,Yisheng Sun,한경만,송철한,허혜정,Satoru Chatani,Shuxiao Wang,Zbigniew Klimont,우정헌 한국대기환경학회 2023 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10