港灣 시스템의 生産性 堤高를 위한 戰略的 計劃에 관한 硏究

許南秀,梁漢洙,金俊式,崔德哲 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1990 産業經營 Vol.13 No.-

Er:YAG 레이저를 이용한 치아삭제 효과

최남기,양규호,박상원,김옥준 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

Er:YAG 레이저는 파장이 물의 주흡수 정점과 일치하는 2.94㎛의 방출파장을 가지기 때문에, 물분사를 하면서 사용했을 때, 다른 레이저보다 열손상은 더 작으면서 치아경조직을 보다 효과적으로 삭제한다고 알려져 있다. Er:YAG 레이저의 상아질 삭제 효과를 평가하고자 발거된 소구치와 대구치를 대상으로 상아질 시편을 제작하고 2.94㎛의 pulsed Er:YAG 레이저 (SDL-300EN, 삼성전자, 한국)를 handpiece형의 전달계를 이용한 비접촉식 방법으로, 물에 담궈진 시간과 레이저 조사시간에 따른 삭제량과 형태를 조사, 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 건전 상아질에 대한 조사 결과 물에 담군 시간이 증가할수록 삭제율이 증가 하였다. 2. 건전 상아질과 우식 상아질에 150mJ, 10Hz의 조건으로, 30초간 레이저를 조사했을 때, 우식상아질에 비해 건전 상아질에서 surface irregularity가 증가하고 상아세관이 열리는 경향이 있었으며 crack이 관찰되었다. 또한 우식 상아질에 비해 많은 탄조각(ash flecks), crack이 관찰되었고 상아세관의 불연속성(inconsistency)이 관찰 되었다. 3. 우식 상아질에서 30초로 조사한 경우에서는 dark zone이 와동에 국한되어 나타났으며 작은 fleck들이 관찰되었고, 1분간 조사한 경우에서는 30초의 경우보다도 와동이 더 넓었으며, crack이 상아세관 주행방향과 직각으로 형성된 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 2분간 조사한 경우는 와동이 가장 넓었으며 crack이 더 많이 형성된 것을 볼 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Er:YAG laser on cutting efficacy and its histologic findings. Dentin specimens of human premolars and molars were used and irradiated by Er:YAG laser with noncontact handpiece type delivery system under different treatment condition of irradiation tiem. Cavity pattern and volume were evaluated to determine the cutting efficacy and following results were obtained. 1. Cutting volume of sound dentin was getting larger with time immersed in water increase 2. With the condition of irradiation (150mJ, 10Hz, 30sec), surface irregularity was more increased in sound dentin comparing to carious dentin. For the light microscopic examination, dentinal tubules were opened and ash flecks and cracks were noted with inconsistence of dentinal tubules. 3. In case of 30 sec, irradiation in carious dentin, dark zone was limited to small focus whereas 1 min, irradiation, more wider, and cracks were noted in the perpendicular to direction of dentinal tubules. For the 2 min, irradiation, cavity was the widest and more cracks were found.

Java 병행프로그래밍 도구의 개발

박양수,김현규,문남두,이명준 울산대학교 1999 공학연구논문집 Vol.30 No.2

분산응용시스템은 서비스의 효율향상을 위해 일반적으로 병행성을 지원하는 것이 바람직하다. 그러나 병행성을 지원하기 위한 프로그래밍 기법은 난이도가 높은 구현 기법이며, 대부분의 프로그래밍 언어에서 이를 직접적으로 지원하지 않으므로, 분산응용시스템을 위한 개발자의 부담을 가중시키고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 분산응용시스템의 작성에 널리 쓰이고 있는 Java에서 병행성을 체계적으로 지원하기 위한 기반으로서, 세미포어나 조건변수와 같은 고수준 동기화 도구의 개발에 대해 소개하였다. 이러한 Java고수준 동기화 도구는 순수한 Java로 개발되어 이식성을 지니고 있으며, 개발자가 쉽게 기술할 수 있는 인터페이스를 제공하고 있다. 또한 Java가 지닌 대중성으로 인해 대부분의 분산응용시스템의 구축에 널리 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In a development of distributed applications, it is desirable for a server to support concurrency in order to provide effective services. However, the programming mechanism for concurrency is difficult to implement correctly, so most programming languages do not support this facility directly. Therefore, the fact imposes extra burdens to the developers for distributed applications. The high-level synchronization tools such as Semaphores and Condition Variables in Java are suggested as a basis for systematically supporting concurrency control. The suggested high-level synchronization tools also have a good portability since it has developed in pure Java. In addition, due to the popularity of Java, these tools will ho a long way with developers in building distributed systems.

이기종간의 상호운용성을 지원하는 이동 에이전트 시스템

이명준,박양수,유양우,문남두,김진홍,안건태 울산대학교 2000 공학연구논문집 Vol.31 No.1

현재 대부분의 이동 에이전트 시스템들은 그들 자신의 구조를 가지며 서로 다른 방법으로 구현되어 있다. 이러한 에이전트 시스템들은 서로 다른 인터페이스를 제공하고 있어서 이기종의 에이전트 시스템에서 새성된 에이전트들은 상호 이동하여 작업을 수행할 수 없다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 이동 에이전트 시스템간의 상호운용성 지원이 중요한 과제로 다루어지고 있다. OMG(Object Management Group)는 이질적인 에이전트 시스템간의 상호운용성을 증진시킬 목적으로 MAF(Mobile Agent Facilities)명세를 제안하였다. MAF명세는 MADAgentsystem과 MAFFinder 두개의 인터페이스로 구성되어 있으며 에니전트 관리, 코드의 이동성, 명명 규칙에 관한 기능을 제공한다. 본 논문에선는 OMG의 MAF 명세를 만족하는 SMART 이동 에이전트 시스템의 설계와 이의 구현에 대하여 설명한다 SMART 이동 에이전트 시스템의 구성은 에이전트를 실행시키는 환경을 제공하는 플레이스(place), 에이전트의 라이프사이클과 플레이스를 감시하는 모니터(monitor) 그리고 에니전트에게 시스템의 자원을 할당하는 자원관리자(resource manager)로 이루어져 있다. Most current mobile agent systems adopted their own architectures, being implemented in various ways. Since those agent systems provide different interfaces, agents created in one mobile agent system could not move to other agent systems to perform their tasks. To solve this problem, interoperability becomes one of the important issues on mobile agent systems. The OMG(Object Management Group) proposed the MAF(MAF(Mobile Agent Facilities) specification for the interoperability among heterogeneous mobile agent systems. the MAF specification contains MAF Agent System and MAFFinder interfaces, and defines agent management, code mobility and naming rules. In this paper, we describe the design and implementaion of the SMART mobile agent system which satisfies the OMG MAF specification. The SMART system consists of Places that provide execution environments for agents, Monitor that monitors life-cycle of agents and places, and Resource Manager that allocates resources of system for agent.

웹 기반 공동작업 지원시스템의 개발

문남두,안건태,김진홍,박양수,이명준 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1

최근 웹의 확산과 더불어 제품개발을 위하여 공동작업 구성원들 사이의 정보 공유와 재사용을 지원하는 웹 기반의 공동작업 지원 시스템 개발에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 기업 및 공공기관의 공동작업은 광범위하게 분산되어 있는 경우가 많으며, 여러 작업그룹 내의 구성원은 이러한 환경에서 효과적으로 서로의 정보를 교환하고 공유할 수 있는 작업공간을 필요로 한다 또한 공동작업의 결과로서 생성된 기술문서의 체계적인 관리 기능과 실시간 의사전달의 기능 등이 함께 제공되는 것이 바람직하다. 본 논문에서는 웹 기반의 공동작업 지원 시스템인 CoWare의 설계와 구현에 대하여 설명한다. CoWare는 통합시스템으로서 CoSpace, CoDocs, CoMail로 명명된 세 개의 관련된 시스템으로 구성된다. CoSpace는 자료의 저장과 공유를 위하여 개인 및 작업그룹을 위한 작업공간을 제공하고, CoDocs는 전자문서의 체계적인 관리를 지원하며, CoMail은 실시간 의사전달의 기능을 제공한다. CoSpace, CoDocs, 그리고 CoMail은 기본적으로 사용자 정보, 사용자 그룹정보, 작업그룹정보의 공유를 통하여 상호 연계되어, 보다 자연스럽고 효율적으로 공동작업을 지원할 수 있다. With rapid growth of World-Wide Web(WWW or Web), much interest has shifted to develop a Web-based collaborative work system which supports information sharing and reusing. Most of collaborative works in a company or a public corporation are widely distributed. In such an environment, members of work groups require workspaces for exchanging and sharing information. In addition to those workspaces, it is desirable to support real-time messaging facility and systematic management of technical documents produced during collaborative works. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a Web-based groupware, named CoWare, which supports effective collaboration. The CoWare system is an integrated system including three related systems : CoSpace, CoDocs and CoMail. The CoSpace system provides personal workspace and shared workspace for storing and sharing informations. The CoDocs system manages electronic documents systematically, while the CoMail system supports real-time messaging facility. Basically, the user information, the user group information, and the work group information are shared among CoSpace, CoDocs, and CoMail. Thereby, the CoWare system supports more natural and effective collaboration.

유치와 영구치에서 치과용 접착제의 전단결합강도

최진영,최남기,박영준,최충호,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

The objective of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths of five adhesive systems to the enamel and dentin of primary and permanent teeth. Fifty noncarious primary and fifty permanent teeth were collected and stored in an 0.1% thymol solution at room temperature after extraction. The tested adhesives were: Adper Scotchbond Multi-purpose Plus Adhesive (SM) Adper Single bond 2 (SB), Clearfil SE Bond (SE), Adper Prompt L-Pop (PL), G-Bond (GB). For the shear bonding test, the labial and lingual surfaces of primary and permanent teeth were used. To obtain a flat surface, the labial and lingual surfaces of the teeth were sanded on SiO₂with number 600 grit and then divided into 20 groups of 10 surfaces each. All samples were theromocycled in water 5℃ and 55℃ for 1000 cycles. The results were as follows: 1. For primary enamel, shear bond strengths of SM and SB were significantly higher than that of SE and also SM, SB, and PL were higher than GB(p<0.05). 2. For primary dentin, there were no significant differences among the shear bond strengths of any other bonding systems except differnece between SE and GB. 3. For permanent enamel, SB showed significantly higher mean shear bond strength than those of any other bonding systems(p<0.05). 4. For permanent dentin, SM showed significantly higher mean shear bond strength than that of PL and GB(p<0.05). 5. Between the primary enamel and dentin, there were significant differences in SM, SB, and GB, whereas there was statistically significant difference in PL between the permanent enamel and dentin(p<0.05). 6. Between the primary and permanent teeth on enamel, there were no significant differences among all bonding systems, whereas there were statistically significant differences in SM and SB between the primary and permanent teeth on dentin(p<0.05). 본 연구에서는 최근에 개발된 치과용 접착제를 대상으로 유치와 영구치의 법랑질과 상아질에 대한 결합력을 비교 평가하여 입상에서 상아질 접착제를 적절하게 선택하는데 도움을 주고자 시행하였다. 실험재료로 Adper Scotchbond Multi-purpose Plus Adhesive (SM; 3M ESPE,USA),Adper Single bond 2 (SB; 3M ESPE,USA),Clearfil SE Bond (SE; Kuraray Medical Inc.,Japan),Adper Prompt L-Pop (PL; 3M ESPE,USA),G-Bond (GB:GC Cooperation Toyko,Japan)를 이용하여 전단결합강도를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 유치 법랑질에서 전단결합강도는 SM이 28.47±7.93 MPa로 가장 높았고 SB (28.18±6.84),PL (24.02± 6.14),SE (21.70±6.56),GB (17.70±6.68) 순이었다. SM과 SB는 SE보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 결합 강도를 보였으며,SM,SB,PL은 GB보다 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 유치 상아질에서 전단결합강도는 SE가 28.72±14.44MPa로 가장 높았고,PL (20.10±6.13),SM 07.72± 10.65),SB (15.48±2.66),GB (10.10±5.45) 순이었으며 SE와 GB간 에는 유의한 차이가 있었으나,다른 군 들 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 영구치 법랑질에서의 전단결합강도는 SB가 28.36±5.68 MPa로 가장 높았고 SM (22.77±4.63), PL(22.05 士6.57),SE (21.74±4.62),GB (15.60±6.75)순이었다. SB는 다른 접착제보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 결합력을 나타냈으며,GB는 가장 낮은 결합력을 보였다(p(0.05). 4. 영구치 상아질에서의 전단결합강도는 SM이 28.22±5.56 MPa로 가장 높았고,SB (21.68±7.44),SE (20.13 ±9.88),GB (14.30±6.81),PL (14.18±5.88)순이었으며,SM은 PL,GB와 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 5. 유치의 법랑질과 상아질 간에는 SM,SB,GB에서 유의한 차이가 있었고,영구치 법랑질과 상아질 간에는 PL에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 6. 유치 법랑질과 영구치 법랑질 간에는 모든 접착제에서 유의한 차이가 없었으나,유치 상아질과 영구치 상아질 간에는 SM과 SB에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05).

水稻의 登熟向上에 關한 硏究

諸商律,李寅杰,김랑춘,李準琸,張南日,洪鍾旭 慶北大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

This study was made to get the cultural information for increasing yield with recently improved variety, investigating the effects of different transplanting date and seed size, the number of plant per hill on the growth, and the yield and yield components in rice. The results obtained were summaried as follows: 1. In larger seed, the percentage of germination was higher and the early growth was more vigorous. However, there appeared no effects of seed size in the later growing period. 2. When the young plants sown on April 26 were transplanted on 5th, 15th, 25th of June and 5th of July with 10-days interval, the heading date was promoted in earlier transplanted plots. The days to heading, however, was shortend. 3. In the case of the earlier transplanting in Tongil variety, the maximum number of tillers was increased, the percentage of effective tillers was decreased, and the rate of ripened grains was slightly higher. The yield was the highest in the transplanted plot of June 25. The next came the transplanted plots of 25th, 5th of June and 5th of July. In the early transplanted plot of Palkweong variety, heading was also promoted. The days required for heading were also proportionly shortend, the number of the effective tillers was smaller and the percentage of ripened grains also decreased. The productivity was the highest in transplanted plot of June 25. 4. When the number of plants per hill was increased, the heading date was promoted, the number of panicles was high and the number of grains per panicles was decreased. In the early transplanting of Tongil variety, the yields was the highest in 4-plants plot. When transplanted late, it was the highest in 6-plant plot. In Palkweong variety, there was general tendency of increasing of yield as the number of plants per hill increased. 5. The dwarf disease of Tongil variety and the stripe disease of Palkweong variety occurred much in case of the lesser number of plants per hill and the earlier transplanting.

응급실을 내원한 65세 이상 노인 환자의 분석

김진년,김태훈,강양욱,오명,김상철,김성훈,권계형,남홍우,이홍순,유형준 대한노인병학회 2001 대한노인병학회지 Vol.5 No.3

안면마비 환자의 표면근전도와 신경전도검사에서 안면근육활동성의 상관관계

( Nam Joon Yang ),( Jin Ah Yeo ),( Jinmann Chon ) 대한임상병리사협회 2013 임상생리검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.2013 No.-

배경(Background): For the diagnosis of facial palsy, the needle Electromyography(nEMG), blink reflex, and motor nerve conduction study(NCS) have been gold standard. But, they are invasive and uncomfortable techniques. For these reasons, we investigated the possible role of surface electromyography(sEMG) in the study of facial palsy. sEMG is a noninvasive technique whereby surface electrodes are placed on the skin to measure the activity of the underlying muscle. The aim of this study is to assess correlation between the root mean square(RMS) values of sEMG and electrodiagnostic severity according to the amplitude of compound muscle action potential(CMAP) in patients with facial nerve palsy. 방법(Methods): Forty-three patients with unilateral facial palsy confirmed by conventional electrodiagnostic studies were enrolled. sEMG signals were recorded from bilaterally facial muscle (including Frontalis, Obicularis oris, Nasalis, Orbicularis oris muscle) using small surface electrode(silver, 10mm diameter) while performing each facial muscle contraction. During maximal voluntary contractions, to characterize the sEMG amplitude, peak RMS values were obtained from the non-smoothed sEMG periodograms. Then we calculated the ratio of decreased RMS values of sEMG compared to unuffected side (RsEMG) and ratio of decreased CMAP amplitude compared to unuffected side(RCMAP). 결과(Results): Total 43 patients consisting of House-Brackmann Grade Ⅱ:22, Ⅲ:12, Ⅳ:8 ⅴ:1 were enrolled with a mean age of 48.7±14.5 years. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the RsEMG and the RCMAP was 0.773 at Frontalis, 0.771 at Orbicularis oculi, 0.772 at Nasalis, and 0.724 at Orbicularis oris. RsEMG showed increasing trend across increasing RCMAP. 고찰(Discussion): This study demonstrated significant correlation between facial muscle activities on sEMG and conventional EMG in patients with facial palsy. Therefore, the functional deficitis in facial muscle activation in patients suffering from facial palsy may also be characterized by means of sEMG as comfortable diagnostic tool. We supposed that sEMG could be used to additional , less painful and less time consuming diagnostic tool of the facial palsy.

HBV : PE-035 ; Comparison between lamivudine and entecavir for the prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in HBsAg-Positive non-hepatic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

( Yang Won Min ),( Nam Jun Kim ),( Geum Youn Gwak ),( Yong Han Paik ),( Moon Seok Cho ),( Kwang Cheol Koh ),( Seung Woon Paik ),( Byung Chul Yoo ),( Joon Hyeok Lee ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1

Background/Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of lamivudine (LAM) and entecavir (ETV) in prevention of HBV reactivation in patients receiving systemic chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 554 non-hepatic cancer patients with HBsAg who underwent chemotherapy and received prophylactic antiviral therapy (454 with LAM and 100 with ETV) at the Samsung Medical Center between January 2008 and December 2010 were identified. Exclusion criteria were as following: late prophylaxis (not started within the first cycle of chemotherapy), any prior chemotherapy or/and antiviral therapy, follow-up less than 3 months, irregular medication, and chronic hepatitis B. Finally, clinical outcomes of 146 patients in LAM group and 40 in ETV group were compared. Hepatitis was defined as a 3 times increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) that exceeds 40 IU/L or an absolute increase of ALT to >100IU/L when compared with the baseline pre-chemotherapy value. Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences between two groups with regard to gender, aspartate aminotransferase, ALT, bilirubin, albumin, cancer type, purpose of chemotherapy, steroid use, and adjuvant radiotherapy. However, patients were younger (48.2 ± 9.4 vs. 51.5 ± 9.4, p=0.046), HBeAg seropositivity rate was higher (28.9% vs. 11.7%, p=0.010), and baseline HBV DNA level were higher [2401.0 IU/mL (<9->1.7x108) vs. 291.5 IU/mL (<9->1.7x108), p=0.006] in ETV group compared to LAM group. Five patients (2.7%) developed hepatitis: 4/146 (2.7%) and 1/40 (2.5%) in LAM and ETV group, respectively (p=1.000). Among them, 3 patients were accompanied by HBV DNA elevation (≥10-fold) only in LAM group (2.1% vs. 0.0%, p=1.000). During preemptive preemptive treatment, two in LAM group and one in ETV group developed hepatitis (1.4% vs. 2.5%, p=1.000). Severity of hepatitis was not different between two groups. Conclusions: LAM and ETV are comparable in efficacy in terms of prevention of hepatitis in HBsAg-positive patients receiving cancer chemotherapy.