심리적 계약의 유형에 따른 주민생활지원 전담공무원의 직무만족과 조직몰입

장남서(張南誓),김경호(金慶鎬) 한국지방자치학회 2010 韓國地方自治學會報 Vol.22 No.3

The local government welfare organizations are constantly being challenged by the high quality service and have advanced restru cturing process. This reform involves the changing extent of psychological contract. This purpose of the study is to demonstrate the impact of psychological contract on the job satisfaction and the organizational commitment within a local government social welfare public servants. It is meaningful to strengthen the specialty of delivery system in social welfare public servants and try to find the direction of human resources management policy. The structural equation model was applied to prove the hypothesis of this research. The summary of the study is as follows. Firstly the fair transactional contract and the relational contract have a positive impact on the job satisfaction of social welfare public servants. Secondly, the fair transactional contract has positive impact on the development of the organizational commitment of social welfare public servants but the transactional contract of the compensation doesn't affect the organizational commitment. Thirdly, the relational contract has positive impact on the organizational commitment of social welfare public servants. Fourthly, the job satisfaction level of social welfare public servants has positive impact on the organizational commitment.

고려청자에 대한 사회적 기억의 형성과정으로 본 조선 후기의 정황

장남원(張南原) 한국미술연구소 2009 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.29

This study started from questions that Goryeo celadon, flourishing in Goryeo period and trending in Asia at the same time, had been suddenly attracting academic attention to both Korea and Japan scholars in modern times, and revived as a collection of artifacts and reproduction with exhibitions. It has important influence of the concern and collection of Goryeo celadon, and reading of the text in the late Joseon dynasty on the process of knowing the reason why people are reminded the relationship of the equation, ‘Goryeo’=‘Feisek(翡色)’. There are various historical documents and literary records reveal recognition on Goryeo celadon. Among them, manuscripts of Gaolitujing(高麗圖經), recorded a itinerary of country messenger of Northern Sung who had come to Goryeo in 1123, written by Xu Jing(徐兢), is thought to have contributed to give information of Feisek-celadon. There are not many information of Goryeo ceramics in Gaolitujing. It is no more than about 10 documents including earthenware and celadon. However, This is very important historical document to quate that writing year is sure and also the purpose and circumstance are clear. Because currently known historical record of Goryeo period is not many, actually it is very rare. And the types and materials of various vessels described in Gaolitujing have provided crucial evidence to study of the craft history occasionally. But in the meantime celadon-related documents of Gaolitujing have been quoted fragmentarily, so far there are no examples that consider the entire article collectively. Furthermore, it has never been studied how Gaolitujing has been understood along with its historicity. Already there can not be found the evidence that the Goryeo themselves called celadon ‘Feisek(翡色)’ in early Goryeo period in other internal and external records except Gaolitujing. However, It is very interesting that commenting Gaolitujing in histories and anthologies of Joseon period, through this document, the memories of Goryeo celadon had been continued constantly. In the existing opinion that perception of ‘Goryeo Feisek’ was derived from modern Japanese interest in Goryeo culture and domestic academic interest in history of Goryeo, futhermore it can be ascertained that Gaolitujing was read through the repeatedly reading, copying, garnering of various histories and anthologies of Joseon period. Particularly, three different types of copies in libraries of Ewha womans university and Korea University, Seoul national university Kyujanggak(奎章閣) were investigated in the process for the first time. Therefore significance of Gaolitujing as a text that helps better understanding Goryeo can be known. It is highly likely that the various information written about Goryeo in Gaolitujing has been provided a rigid point of view on Goryeo consistently and repeatedly. Especially the information of celadon was quoted by scholars as being reconstructed the contents of Goryeo sa(高麗史), Xiuzhonggin(袖中錦), and Gaolitujing. As a result, the interests and ideas of Feisek-celadon was not formed in Modern times, rather the memories through the text and the actual object were linked together throughout the Joseon Dynasty, specially in the late Joseon Dynasty when books and relics were introduced rapidly from China, it had become firmly.

朝鮮後期 李圭景의 陶磁認識

장남원(張南原) 한국미술연구소 1998 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.6

고려 전기 ‘순화(淳化)’명 청자 제기류의 현황과 의의

장남원(張南原) 한국미술연구소 2021 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.53

한중 도자사(陶瓷史) 연구 교류

장남원(張南原) 동북아역사재단 2022 동북아 역사 포커스 Vol.- No.2

『미구회람실기』(1878)의 도자관련 기록 검토

장남원(張南原) 한국미술연구소 2020 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.50

Tokumei Zenken Taishi Bei-Ō Kairan Jikki (A True Account of the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary’s Journey of Observation through the United States of America and Europe), usually abbreviated as Bei-Ō Kairan Jikki, is the official record of the Iwakura Mission’s diplomatic journey to the United States and Europe between 1871 and 1873, published in 1878. Writings related to ceramics in Bei-Ō Kairan Jikki include general introduction and short history of ceramics in each country, accounts of ceramic workshop facilities and manufacturing process, assessments of design, technique and technology, as well as descriptions of ceramic collections and the use of ceramics in Western culture. During the journey, the aim of the mission was to gather a wealth of information on industry, engineering technology, and mineral resources of each country in order to satisfy the nation’s considerable interest in the exploitation of these resources and technologies. In this respect, records on ceramics in Bei-Ō Kairan Jikki can also be understood as significant primary sources that suggest theoretical foundation and orientation of ‘modern crafts’ in Japan and Korea. In Bei-Ō Kairan Jikki, contemporary ceramic productions, collections, and shapes of specific ceramics which the mission witnessed during the tour of renowned ceramic factories and museums in Europe were depicted in detail. A detailed account of Japanese observation on ceramics indicates that the tour had encouraged the mission to reflect on the status of Japanese crafts and, as to new technologies and designs of the West, to trace the source of inspirations. Members of the mission also saw potential and self-confidence in Western collections and exhibitions of ceramics, including the Weltausstellung 1873 Wien, as well as ceramic manufacturing technologies and designs of the industrialized West. They believed that the balanced promotion of both mechanical and manual industries, under the condition of viewing ceramics as arts and crafts, would enable Japan to preserve pottery-making tradition and create commercial profits at the same time. In other words, the Iwakura Mission consequently changed the course of domestic production of ceramics, which became regarded as both works of art and merchandises by embracing new design and technical improvement under the rubric of policies to increase production in industrial enterprise. This event therefore led to the binary perspectives on ceramic production in Japan; viewing as artistic handicraft on the one hand, considering as manufacturing industry on the other hand. Accordingly, based on traditional Japanese potteryproduction system already firmly established with sophisticated technology, Japan promoted policies aimed at industrial modernization and entry to the global markets. Furthermore, reforms in ceramic manufacturing technologies-e.g. the improvement of kilns and kaolin, the adoption of new pigments-became reified in subsequently established modern institutions such as the Laboratories of Ceramic Industry and the Nippon Koshitsu Toki Kaisha (Japan Ironstone Incorporation) found both in Japan and colonial Korea.

고려시대 茶文化와 靑瓷

장남원(張南原) 한국미술연구소 2007 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.24

고려사회에서 차와 술은 국가가 관리하는 주요 식품으로 그 공급과 판매 등이 국가를 통해 주로 이루어지고 있었으며, 왕실은 물론 일반에까지 이들 음료에 대한 보급이 널리 이루어졌다. 또 고려 초부티 제사와 같은 국가 행사에 청자를 사용하였음을 볼 수 있었다. 고려 중기에 이르러 중국의 고급 차가 국내에 전래되었고 각종 행사와 下賜物로 차가 사용되었는데, 이 때 청자라는 소재는 다양한 기형과 크기 등에 따라 차와 술을 마시기에 적합한 재료로서 부각되었을 것이다. 그와 관련된 직접적인 기록이나 또는 그 내용을 반증하는 간접적인 자료들을 확인할 수 있었고 고려 국내는 물론 중국에서도 유사하였음이 확인된다. 이 논문에서는 고려시대의 飮茶, 製茶를 포함한 차문화의 유행을 중심으로 새로운 음식 문화의 발달과 유행이 도자기와 어떠한 상관관계를 지니는지 살펴보았다. 특히 고려에서 보이는 玉璧底系 碗을 비롯한 鉢, 盞 등 가마터에서 발굴된 청자 기종들의 용도와 생산비율 및 그 변화에 주목하였다. 고려시대 청자의 연구는 유색과 기형, 문양 등의 조형성을 통해 고려의 미의식에 접근하는 방법이 주를 이루어왔다. 그러나 빠른 속도로 자료의 양적 축적이 이루어지고 있는 도자사의 연구 현실에서 단순한 외형의 분류와 분석 외에 연구의 기초가 되는 고고학적인 발굴조사와 자료정리, 편년작업 등을 기초로 그 위에 대상 자료의 생산유적 및 소비유적, 계층, 유통 등 다양한 시각에서의 조망에 요구된다. 특히 동아시아에 빠른 속도로 파급된 차문화는 고려에서도 예외가 아니었다. 製茶ㆍ行茶의 다양한 면모는 청자의 기종과 기형, 다양한 계층과 소비자에 따른 다양한 기명의 발달에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 그러므로 현전하는 차의 발달과정을 청자의 형태 및 크기, 質ㆍ문양 등과 연관 짓는 연구는 고려 차문화의 실질적인 부분을 해명해 줄 수 있을 것임은 물론 청자의 변화과정을 본질적으로 설명해 줄 수 있는 중요한 접점이 된다. 이 논문은 도자기는 본래 실용품이고 그 목적도 음식물 등을 담기 위한 것이라는 관점에서 출발하였으며, 그릇의 형식이나 현재적 감상자의 시각에서 떠나 고려시대 당시에 어떻게 사용되었을까를 생각하는 새로운 시도였다. 고려시대 차에 대한 방대한 자료의 분석과 도자기의 형식 및 기술사적 자료에 대한 세밀하고 유기적인 연구가 계속되어야 하겠지만 우선은 음식과 도자기의 관계를 쓰임의 입장에서 연구한 것은 거의 없으므로 試論으로서 의미를 두고자 한다. Tea and liquor were the main foods that were controlled by the state, whereby their supply and sale were mainly done through the state. These drinks were consumed widely among the ordinary people as well the royalty. Moreover, from the beginning of the Goryeo period, it can be noticed that celadon was used in state ceremonies such as ancestrial rituals. By the mid-Goryeo period, high quality tea from China spread through the nation, and tea was used for various events as well as for royal gifts. At this time, celadon attracted attention as appropriate material for drinking tea and liquor, accordingly with its diverse form and size. There are direct records that prove this, as well as indirect documents from which one can deduce such a fact. It has also been confirmed that the case was similar in China as well as within Goryeo. This thesis looks into the relationship between the develop and popularity of new food culture and ceramic ware, focusing on popularity of tea culture including tea-drinking and tea-making of Goryeo period. In particular, it highlights the usage and the production ratio of various celadon ware, such as tea bowls and cups as well as bowls with donut-shaped bottom (hearnurigup-design tea bowls; 玉璧底系 碗) of Goryeo period, which were excavated from kiln sites. Research on Goryeo celadon had mainly focused on approaching Goryero aesthetics by looking at its formal character, such as the color, shape and pattern. However, in light of the reality in ceramic history research whereby documents are being quantitatively accumulated very fast, it is necessary to look beyond categorization and analysis in form. Based on archeological excavation, documentation and chronology that are basis of research, it would be necessary to look also from various angles such as sites of production and consumption, social class and circulation of the object in hand. In particular, tea culture spread very fast throughout East Asia and Goryeo was no exception. The various aspects of tea-making and tea-drinking rituals had direct influence on the development of various tea ware, in accordance with type and form of celadon, various social classes and consumers. Therefore, research into the relationship between development of tea unto today and form, size, quality, pattern etc. of celadon can be an important convergence that can fundamentally explain the developmental process of celadon as well as substantial part of Goryeo tea culture. Ceramics me essentially everyday utilities and started off from the perspective that they should be used to hold food. This is a new attempt to depart from the form of these utensils and also from the perspective as present-day observer, in order to contemplate on how these vessels were used during Goryeo period. While it is necessary to continue analysis on the broad range of material on tea of Goryeo period, and also detailed and organic research into the form and technical history of ceramics, this thesis is meaningful in that there has been almost no research made into the relationship between food and ceramics from the perspective of how they were used.

韓國産 Montmorillonite 施用效果에 關한 硏究 Ⅰ : 豫備水稻栽培試驗 Preparatory experiment for paddy rice

張南日 慶北大學校 生産技術硏究所 1966 生産技術 Vol.1 No.-

In order to improve the land power which has been degenerating and to increase the production of paddy rice which has been decreasing in Korea, I experimented the paddy rice on the pot culture with some kind of soil conditioners and Montmorillonite clay mineral which is produced in Korea. The results of the experiment can be summarize as follows; 1. In the phenomenon of the growth of the paddy shoot wich was transplanted a month earlier, Montmorillonite area tends to show slow growth rate because of the injuring action to the growing progress. But in the budding, Montmorillonite area increased the effective budding by 5% and decreased the rate of liability to disease comparing with others. 2. In comparision of the weight of unpolished rice, Montmorillonite area, though there is no significant difference, has increased about 6% its products, but other areas have decreased the products compared with control area.

沓土壤改良劑로서 韓國産 Zeolite 鑛粉의 利用에 關한 硏究 : 第一報 水稻幼植物 生育에 미치는 效科 1. The effect of zeolite material on growth of paddy shoot

張南日,崔炡 慶北大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

In order to investigate the possible utlization of zeolite material produced from Yangbuk region in the Kyungbuk province as soil conditioner for paddy field, the effect of zeolite application on the growth of young paddy shoot was studied; the total weight of dry matter of plant was tended to increase with the application of zeolite material. The increase of dry matter was significant at one percent level comparing to control plot. The increasing order of day matter follows; Z800>Z1,400, in which the best growth of plant was in the plot of 800kg/10a application of zeolite material. On resulting the zeolite material produced from Yangbuk region might be interpreted to be a good soil conditioner for paddy field.

두뇌의 SEROTONIN, HISTAMINE 대사와 기능

장남수 이화여자대학교 가정과학대학 식품영양학과 아시아 식품영양연구소 1993 食品營養情報 Vol.- No.4

In recent years, there has been an increased awareness of the effect of dietary constituents on the function of the central nervous system. Unlike previous beliefs, brain is found to be much more sensitive to normal daily fluctuations in nutrient supply. This paper will review neuronal roles of dietary precursor amino acids, tryptophan and histidine as they contribute to the formation of the neurotransmitters, serotonin and histamine. It will also discuss the role of vitamin B6 and its interaction with tryptophan or histidine in the neurotransmitter metabolism.