ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 FERROELECTRIC CAPACITOR ON TiN/W PLUG STRUCTURE

Hwang, Sung-Yeon,Son, Young-Jin,Cho, Sung-Sil,Park, Sanghyun,Lee, Ae-Kyoung,Lee, Baek-Hee,Kim, Yoon-Jung,Park, Nam-Kyun,Park, Hae-Chan,Chang, HEON-YONG,Hong, Suk-Kyoung,Hong, Sung Joo,Choi, Ji-Hye,Kwe Taylor Francis 2007 Integrated ferroelectrics Vol.89 No.1

<P> We investigated the electrical properties of ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT) capacitor on TiN/W storage node contact plug that is capacitor over bitline(COB) cell structure for a high density ferroelectric memory. In order to protecting TiN/W contact plug from oxidation failure during furnace annealing of PZT capacitor, the oxidation barrier of Ti1 - xAlxN (x∼ 0.25) film was interposed at between Pt/IrO2/Ir bottom electrode and TiN/W plug of the COB cell, resulting in the robust contact resistance property of 27 ohm per contact plug after furnace annealing performed at 600°C in O2 ambient for 90 min. The remanent polarization value and leakage current density of the fully integrated PZT capacitor with a top electrode area of 1.8 × 1.8 um2 on TiN/W contact plug showed 32 μ C/cm2 and 2.5 × 10- 6A/cm2, respectively.</P>

[P-6] Optimum dietary protein level for growth of juvenile far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus

Kyoung-Duck Kim,Sang Gu Lim,Yong Jin Kang,Eung-Oh Kim,Boo Kyung Hwang,Jae Hun Jung,Kang-Woong Kim,Maeng Hyun Son 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2011 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.6

Cisplatin의 신독성에 관한 연구

황영희,이경아,신손문,박용훈,하정옥,김춘동,이영환 영남대학교 의과대학 1992 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.9 No.2

To evaluate the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin, serum levels of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, BUN, creatinine and creatinine clearance were measured before and after administration of cisplatin in 18 cases of patients with malignant neoplasm. The results were as follows : 1) Serum calcium, magnesium, potassium and BUN levels were changed after cisplatin administration, but those changes were not statistically significant. 2) The mean value of creatinine clearance was not decreased significantly after treatment with cisplatin. 3) Acute renal failure was developed in one case, and four cases of hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia were also detected after administration of cisplatin.

Synthesis and properties of phenothiazylene vinylene-based polymers: New organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors and solar cells

Son, Seon-Kyoung,Choi, Yoon-Suk,Lee, Woo-Hyung,Hong, Yongtaek,Kim, Jae-Ryoung,Shin, Won-Suk,Moon, Sang-Jin,Hwang, Do-Hoon,Kang, In-Nam Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.48 No.3

<P>A series of new phenothiazylene vinylene-based semiconducting polymers, poly[3,7-(4′-dodecyloxyphenyl)phenothiazylene vinylene] (P1), poly[3,7-(4′-dodecyloxyphenyl)phenothiazylene vinylene-alt-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (P2), and poly[3,7-(4′-dodecyloxyphenyl)phenothiazylene vinylene-alt-2,5-thienylene vinylene] (P3), have been synthesized via a Horner-Emmons reaction. FTIR and <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopies confirmed that the configurations of the vinylene groups in the polymers were all-trans (E). The weight-averaged molecular weights (M<SUB>w</SUB>) of P1, P2, and P3 were found to be 27,000, 22,000, and 29,000, with polydispersity indices of 1.91, 2.05, and 2.25, respectively. The thermograms for P1, P2, and P3 each contained only a broad glass transition, at 129, 167, and 155 °C, respectively, without the observation of melting features. UV–visible absorption spectra of the polymers showed two strong absorption bands in the ranges 315–370 nm and 450–500 nm, which arose from absorptions of the phenothiazine segments and the conjugated main chains. Solution-processed field-effect transistors fabricated from these polymers showed p-type organic thin-film transistor characteristics. The field-effect mobilities of P1, P2, and P3 were measured to be 1.0 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>, 3.6 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>, and 1.0 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, and the on/off ratios were in the order of 10<SUP>2</SUP> for P1 and P2, and 10<SUP>3</SUP> for P3. Atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of thin films of the polymers show that they have amorphous structures. A photovoltaic device in which a P3/PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM (1/5) blend film was used as the active layer exhibited an open-circuit voltage (V<SUB>OC</SUB>) of 0.42 V, a short circuit current (J<SUB>SC</SUB>) of 5.17 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, a fill factor of 0.35, and a power conversion efficiency of 0.76% under AM 1.5 G (100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) illumination. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 635–646, 2010</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>A series of new phenothiazylene vinylene-based semiconducting polymers (P1, P2, and P3) have been synthesized via a Horner-Emmons reaction with weight-averaged molecular weight (M<SUB>w</SUB>) around 22,000–29,000. Solution–processed field-effect transistors fabricated from these polymers showed p-type organic thin-film transistor characteristics. The field-effect mobilities of P1, P2, and P3 were measured to be 1.0 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>, 3.6 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>, and 1.0 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, and the on/off ratios were on the order of 10<SUP>2</SUP> for P1 and P2, and 10<SUP>3</SUP> for P3. The atomic force microscopy images of the polymer thin films revealed that all polymers were characterized by an amorphous structure. A photovoltaic device in which a P3/PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM (1/5) blend film was used as the active layer exhibited an open-circuit voltage (V<SUB>OC</SUB>) of 0.42 V, a short circuit current (J<SUB>SC</SUB>) of 5.17 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, a fill factor of 0.35, and a power conversion efficiency of 0.76% under AM 1.5 G (100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) illumination. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2010-48-3-POLA23814-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2010-48-3-POLA23814-gra001'> </P>

시판 오수유로부터 evodiamine의 분리 및 함량분석

황석연,황방연,주혜경,박정일,손건호,이승호,장승엽,강신정,노재섭,이경순 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.11 No.-

Evodiae Fructus has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastro-intestinal disorders, headache and migraine, and as a cardiotonic and analgesic. For the quality control of this crude drug, evodiamine was isolated from the methylene chloride extract of Evodia afficinalis (Rutaceae) and identified by the spectroscopic evidences. A quantitative analysis of evodiamine using HPLC method exhibited that the average contents of evodiamine were 0.84±0.60% in 53 samples collected throughout the various regions of Korea.

2002년 상반기 부산, 경남지역에서 유행한 무균성 뇌막염에 대한 임상적 고찰

이경화(Kyoung Hwa Lee),손영호(Young Ho Son),정영희(Young Hee Jung),김철호(Chul Ho Kim),황태규(Tae Gyu Hwang) 대한소아신경학회 2002 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.10 No.2

목 적 : 2001년 4월 중순부터 유행하기 시작하여 7월 하순까지 부산, 경남지역에서 집중 발생한 무균성 뇌막염의 임상 양상을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 4월 중순부터 7월 하순까지 부산 백병원 및 동래백병원 소아과에 입원하여 뇌막염의 임상 증상을 보이면서 뇌척수액 검사상 염증의 소견이 확인된 환자 184명을 대상으로 하였다. 뇌척수액 세균 배양 검사에서 균이 자라는 경우는 제외되었다. 대부분의 환자에서 뇌척수액 바이러스 배양 검사를 시행하였다. 결 과: 1) 환자의 발생 시기는 2002년 4월 1일부터 2002년 7월 31일까지였으며, 가장 많은 환자 분포를 보인 달은 5월이었다. 2) 성별 분포는 남아 123례(66.8%), 여아 61례(33.2%)로 남녀비는 2:1이었다. 3) 연령별 분포는 2세에서 16세까지였으며 평균 연령은 8.7±7.1세였고, 5-9세군에서 96례(52.2%)로 호발하였다. 4) 임상증상은 발열 175례(95.1%), 두통 169례(91.8%), 구토 165례(89.7%), 복통 59례(32.1%)였으며, 복통, 설사 등의 위장관계 증상이 77례(41.7%)로 비교적 많았다. 1례에서 횡단성 척수염, 1레에서 안면 신경 마비 증상이 동반되었다. 5) 발열의 기간은 평균 2.6일이었다. 6) 말초 혈액 검사상 백혈구 수는 9,829/mm³이었으며 다핵구가 평균 78.3%로 나타났다. 7) 뇌척수액 검사상 백혈구 수는 평균 301/mm³이었으며, 평균 당은 58.3 mg/dL, 단백은 36.7 mg/dL이었다. 8) 뇌척수액 바이러스 배양 검사상 echovirus 6가 6례, echovirus 9이 3례, echovirus 13이 1례, echovirus 25가 2례, echovirus 30이 1레에서 검출되었다. 결 론 : 2002년도 4월 1일부터 7월 31까지 부산, 경남지역에서 무균성 뇌막염의 대유행이 있었으며 원인 바이러스는 echovirus 6, 9, 13, 25, 30으로 추정된다. Purpose : There was an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Busan and Kyoungsang-namdo area from April to July, 2002. In this study, we reported the clinical manifesta-tions, laboratory data and causative viruses. Methods : 184 children with aseptic meningitis who had been admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Inje Paik Hospital in Kaegum and Dongrae between April and July 2002 were assessed. Virus isolation and serotype identification were performed by cell culture and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid. Results : The peak incidence was noted in May. Male-to-female ratio was 2:1. The age ranged from 2 years to 16 years. Mean age was 8.7±7.1 years. Clinical manifesta-tions were fever(95.1%), headache(91.8%) and vomiting(89.7%). Mean duration of fever was 2.6 days. The numbers of peripheral blood leukocytes were 1,400-20,000/mm³ and mean value was 9,829/mm³. On cerebrospinal fluid examinations, leukocyte count was in range of 10-2,000(mean 301)/mm³, protein level in range of 10-196(mean 36.7)mg/dL and glucose level from 17 to 155(mean 58.3)mg/dL. Viruses were isolated 12(8.4%) out of 154 patients and serotypes were 6 cases of echovirus 6, 3 cases of echovirus 9, 1 cases of echovirus 13, 2 cases of echovirus 25 and 1 case of echovirus 30. Conclusion : Aseptic meningitis was prevalent in Busan and Kyoungsangnamdo area from April to July, 2002. We thought that causative viruses were echovirus 6, 9, 12, 25, 30.

유치원 수준별 교육과정 평가척도 개발 방향 모색

황해익(Hwang Hae-Ik),김석우(Kim Suk Woo),송연숙(Song Yeon Sook),이경화(Lee Kyeong-Hwa),정혜영(Jung-Hye Yong),손원경(Son Won Kyoung),명선우(Myung Sun Woo) 한국열린유아교육학회 2001 열린유아교육연구 Vol.6 No.3

본 연구는 「유치원 교육활동 지도자료」에 나타난 수준별 교육활동을 분석하고 수준별 교육과정의 운영실태 및 교사의 인식에 대하여 조사하여, 이를 바탕으로 유치원에서의 수준별 교육과정 평가척도를 개발하기 위한 방향을 모색하고자 하였다. 지도자료에 제시되어 있는 수준별 활동의 경향을 분석한 결과, 수준별 활동의 생활영역별 교육내용에 따른 분포와 교육과정의 내용영역이니 생활주제 그리고 활동의 유형별로 활동 수준이 편중되어 제시된 경향이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 175명의 유아교사를 대상으로 유치원 수준별 교육과정의 운영실태 분석 결과 소속기관(공립과 사립 유치원)에 따라 일부 문항에서 유의한 차이기 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또 지도자료 분석과 운영실태분석 결과를 토대로 평가척도 개발을 위한 방안이 모색되었다. The purpose of this study was to explores the preliminary study on the development of assessment scale for the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten. Research questions are as followings. First, what is the trend of differentiated activities in 〈the guide for educational activities and materials for kindergarten〉. Second, what are the opinions and suggestions of early childhood professionals about management and perception of the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten. Third, what and how co develop the assessment scale for the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten. For this first purpose, the meaning and practical problems of differentiated curriculum in kindergarten were explored, and the differentiated activities in terms of content area, life subject, and activity type in 〈the guide for educational activities and materials for kindergarten〉 were statistically analyzed. For second and third purpose, the questionnaire of the management and perceptions of the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten was collected and statistically analyzed. Findings of the study are as follows: First, in terms of the content area of differentiated activities in 〈the guide for educational activities and materials for kindergarten〉, Ⅰ level activities were shown 44.2%, and Ⅱ level activities were shown 55.8%. The frequency of Ⅱ level activities were higher than Ⅰ level activities in four content area except health and physical area. Second, In terms of the questionnaire of the management and perceptions of the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten, it was shown that early childhood professionals recognized strong necessity of the differentiated curriculum. This differentiated curriculum of kindergarten were tended co be useful co their instruction. Several educational implications and suggestions were discussed.

Long-term oncologic impact of postoperative chemotherapy in resected distal bile duct cancer

Woosung SON,Munseok CHOI,Sung Hyun KIM,Ho Kyoung HWANG,Woo Jung Lee,Chang Moo KANG 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.-

ESI-P의 타당화를 위한 기초연구

황해익(Hwang Hae-Ik),손원경(Son Won Kyoung) 한국열린유아교육학회 2002 열린유아교육연구 Vol.7 No.3

본 연구는 3세부터 4세 5개월까지의 유아를 대상으로 발달상의 문제를 조기에 발견할 수 있는 발달선별검사인 ESI-P(Early Screening Inventory-Preschool)를 번안하여 국내 적용가능성을 모색하는데 목적이 있다. 3세에서 4세 5개월까지의 유아 99명을 대상으로 ESI-P를 실시한 결과 문항통과율은 11 1-98%였으며, 대부분의 문항에서 상집단과 하집단을 잘 변별해 주는 것으로 나타났다. Cronbach ?=.87, 검사자간 상관은 .98이었다. 요인분석결과 5개 요인이 추출되었으며, 공인타당도와 변별타당도가 양호하게 산출되었다. The purpose of this study was to examine validation of the Early Screening Inventory-Preschool(ESI-P). The subjects of this study were 99children ranged from 3 years old to 4½ years old and selected from 4 kindergartens and 3 day care centers in Pusan. Tests used for this study were the ESI-P and DDST. The ESI-P is developmental screening instrument which is consisted of 24 items covering three sub-areas such as visual-motor/adaptive, language & cognition, and gross motor. The score can be classified as "OK", "Rescreen" and "Refer". Children who get "OK" is presumed to be developing normally. Children who get "Rescreen" should have ESI-P readministered in 6 to 8 weeks. Children who get "Refer" should be refered immediately for more thorough assessment. The results of this study are as follows: First, the range of the ESI-P item difficulty was from 11.1 to 98% and older children tended to perform better on the items than younger children. The ESI-P items discriminated between upper group and the lower group. Second, the Cronbach ? for the total and subarea was .87, .78, .72, & .53. Inter-scorer reliability was .98. Five factors emerged from the scale thgough factor analyses: involvement 'memory' 'visual-motor/adaptive' 'verbal reasoning' 'verbal understanding' 'gross motor'. Discriminant validity and concurrent validity are acceptable. It is concluded that the ESI-P, with minor modifications, can be used as a valid and reliable developmental screening instrument.

제로에너지형 건물 및 타운 신재생복합에너지저장의 지능형 운영을 위한 예측적 물리모델과 동적계획 최적화기법 적용

이경호(Kyoung-ho Lee),공민석(Min-suk Kong),임흥빈(Heung-bin Lim),손정은(Jung-eun Son),황혜미(Hye-mi Hwang),신영기(Young-ki Shin),김의종(Eui-jong Kim) 대한설비공학회 2018 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

본 연구는 소형 건물이나 주택, 건물군으로 구성된 타운의 복합신재생에너지시스템을 대상으로 지능형 운영기술에 대한 개발과 시뮬레이션 적용 성능에 대한 내용으로서, 건물과 에너지 시스템을 단순화한 물리적 예측모델을 이용하고 대상 건물로부터의 단기간 측정데이터를 이용한 학습을 통하여 부하예측과 에너지공급을 예측하며, 에너지저장의 운영 최적화를 위하여 동적계획법을 적용하여 하루 중 시간대별 실내설정온도, 열저장조 설정온도, 전력저장장치 충방전 설정전력을 계산하여 적용대상의 전체에너지를 최적화하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 제로에너지형 주택과 계간축열식 제로에너지형 타운에 대한 TRNSYS 기반의 상세시뮬레이션 모델을 적용대상으로 하였으며, 단순화 물리 모델을 학습하고, 주택에 대하여 운영을 최적화한 결과와 함께 실적용을 위한 개념적 방안을 소개한다.