북한의 新 평화공세와 개혁·개방의 딜레마

김석우(金錫友)(KIM, Suk-woo) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2018 신아세아 Vol.25 No.3

North Korea is facing an economic crisis because of strengthening United Nations sanctions following its tests of nuclear bombs and ICBMs. To escape this crisis, North Korea has launched a new peace offensive, similar to that which followed the collapse of the Soviet bloc in 1989. At that time, the South Korean government was fooled by Pyongyang’s diplomacy, and failed to induce the North toward reform and opening. Moon Jae-in seems to be sympathetic to the Kim Jung-un regime; as a result, the new peace-offensive may save the regime, with help from Chinese President Xi Jinping and electoral gimmicks by US President Donald Trump. Kim Jung-un faces a critical dilemma, nonetheless. He will not follow the precedents in China and Vietnam and adopt reform and opening policies because it will threaten his power. The new peace offensive may extend the survival of the Kim regime, but it will not solve the essential problems of the command economy, which imposes economic and social hardship. Paradoxically, Moon’s sympathy for the Northern peace offensive will only prolong the road to the peaceful unification of the Korean Peninsula.

2011년 집중호우로 인한 산사태 발생특성 분석

김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ),전근우 ( Kun Woo Chun ),김진학 ( Jin Hak Kim ),김민식 ( Min Sik Kim ),김민석 ( Min Seok Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2012 한국산림과학회지 Vol.101 No.1

Rainfall is widely recognized as a major landslide-triggering factor. Most of the latest landslides that occurred in South Korea were caused by short-duration heavy rainfall. However, the relationship between rainfall characteristics and landslide occurrence is poorly understood. To examine the effect of rainfall on landslide occurrence, cumulative rainfall (mm) and rainfall intensity (mm/hr) of serial rain and antecedent rainfall (mm) were analyzed for 18 landslide events that occurred in the southern and central regions of South Korea in June and July 2011. It was found that all of these landslides occurred by heavy rainfall for one or three days, with the rainfall intensity exceeding 30 mm/hr or with a cumulative rainfall of 200 mm. These plotted data are beyond the landslide warning criteria of Korea Forest Service and the critical line of landslide occurrence for Gyeongnam Province. It was also found that the time to landslide occurrence after rainfall start(T) was shortened with the increasing average rainfall intensity(ARI), showing an exponential-decay curve, and this relation can be expressed as「T = 94.569·exp (-0.068·ARI)(R2= 0.64, p<0.001)」. The findings in this study may provide important evidences for the landslide forecasting guidance service of Korea Forest Service as well as essential data for the establishment of non-structural measures such as a warning and evacuation system in the face of sediment disasters.

성취평가제에 대한 중학교 교사의 관심수준 분석

김석우(Suk-Woo KIM) 한국수산해양교육학회 2014 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.1

보건교사들의 교수효능감 실태 분석

김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2011 교사교육연구 Vol.50 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 보건교육과 학생지도 둥의 교육자로서의 그 역할을 충실히 수행하고 있는 부산광역시에 근무하는 보건교사 251명을 대상으로 보건교사들이 현재 가지고 있는 교수효능감에 대한 실태를 파악하고 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 기술통계, ANOVA. 사후검정으로 Scheffe를 사용하였다. 본 연구 결과, 첫째 전반적으로 보건교사의 교수효능감 수준의 평균은 ``보통이상`` 이었다. 둘째, 보건교사의 개인배경 변인별 교수 효능감의 차이는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 학력과 경력에 따라서는 보건교사들의 교수효능감에는 유의미한 차이 가 있었다. 둘째, 학교 급별에 따른 보건교사들의 교수효능감에는 초등과 중등학교 보다 고둥학교에 근무하는 보건교사들의 교수효능감이 높았다. 마지막으로 학급 수에 따라서는 보건교사들의 교수효능감에는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. The purpose of this study was to analyze actual conditions for health care teachers` teaching efficacy. The subjects of this study were sampled from 251 health care teachers through out Pusan Metropolitan City. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. The results of this study were as follows: First, The average of the level of health care teachers in teaching efficacy was over normal. Second. it was found that there were significant differences in the individual background variables, Teaching efficacy of health care teachers were high when they had higher level of education and more careers. Health care teachers worked at high school level were more efficacy than elementary and middle school level health care teachers. But the efficacy of health care teachers made no significant differences in terms of the number of class.

사학부(史學部) : 서진(西晉)시기 두예(杜預)의 춘추학(春秋學)과 사서(史書)에 기초한 경전(經典) 해석의 실례(實例)

김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ) 한국중국학회 2015 중국학보 Vol.74 No.-

From the Tang dynasty, Du Yu’s footnote was estimated as an official interpretation of Spring and Autumn. And it was regarded as an important step to independent of historiography from the Scripture study. Du Yu thought that he first discovered the ‘examples of meaning’ (義例) from the Zuo-Zhun (左傳), and believed that such examples were made by Zhou-gong (周公) and Confucius. And many Spring and Autumn scholars regarded those ‘examples’ as core part of Du Yu’s study, they thought that it could expressed Du Yu’s main viewpoint of Spring and Autumn. However, Han scholars also stressed on the ‘examples of meaning’, based on the Gong-Yang-Zhuan (公羊傳), it was a important way of scripture study. And we may say that understanding Spring and Autumn in accordance with such ‘examples’ is not a way of historiography. In his famous ‘preface of Spring and Autumn’ (春秋左氏傳序), Du Yu stressed understanding the relations of historical facts, which was critical to comprehend the sage’s scripture. In this point, he highlighted the ‘historical understanding’ of Spring and Autumn. He annotated by three writing patterns, one of them was 224 cases for description of historical relations. <(A) 爲 B 傳> type have 141 cases, and <(A) 爲 B 張本 / 起本> have 83 cases. These footnotes clearly shows that the feature of Du Yu’s historical approach. Moreover such explanation of historical relations expose the commentator’s ideal of Spring and Autumn. If the emperor was a tyrant, he could be assassinated or expelled from power. When he misused his power, Du Yu’s footnotes tried to show that misfortune should happen without exception. And also showed that the infringements of li, literally ‘ritual’, caused lots of troubles. Such description of cause-and-effect relations of historical facts is likely correspond to the method of historiography. So the types of <(A) 爲 B 傳> and <(A) 爲 B 張本 / 起本> footnotes is the concrete examples of scripture study based on the history. In these explanations, Du Yu indirectly displayed his political idea which fostered from his days.

재중 탈북자문제와 중국의 책임

김석우(金錫友)(KIM Suk-woo) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2012 신아세아 Vol.19 No.1

중국 동북부에는 5만 내지 10만 명의 탈북자가 숨어 지내고 있고, 탈북여성이 출산한 무국적고아 약 5만 명이 인권의 사각지대에서 아동으로서 보호받지 못하고 있다. 중국정부는 탈북자를 국제법, 국내법과 인도주의 원칙에 따라서 처리한다고 해명하지만, 실제로는 탈북자의 난민지위를 인정하지 않고 북 ․중 국경협정 위반을 근거로 체포하여 강제 송환하고 있다. 연간 약 5천명이 강제 송환되어 고문, 강제수용소 감금, 처형과 같은 가혹한 인권침해를 당하고 있다. 이러한 중국의 행태는 중국이 가입한 난민협약 제33조 제1항이나 고문방지협약 제3조의 강제송환금지원칙에 명백하게 위반하는 것이다. 중국은 그 이외에도 유엔 사회권규약, 인종 차별철폐협약, 여성차별철폐조약, 아동권리협약 등 주요 인권조약에도 가입하였다. 이러한 주요 조약의 이행위원회에서는 모두 중국의 탈북자 강제송환의 문제점을 지적하고 있다. 중국이 탈북자를 난민으로 인정하는 것은 은혜를 베푸는 것이 아니라 국제법상의 의무를 이행하는 것이다. 중국이 조약상 의무, 특히 탈북자강제송환 금지의무를 이행하게 하기 위해, 국제사회는 유엔헌장체제상의 인권보호 메커니즘을 계속 활용해야 한다. 또한 20여국 정부의 중국과의 인권대화를 통해서도 재중탈북자문제를 제기해야 한다. 국제사회는 중국이 체면손상(naming and shaming)을 느끼고 부담을 느껴서 해결책을 찾도록 노력해야 한다. 이 문제 해결의 전략적 의미는 매우 크다. 이것은 북한인권문제를 해결하는 지름길이고, 통일에 대한 준비이며, 한국이 아시아인권보호의 센터로 자리매김하고, 또한 한국의 중국에 대한“핀란드화”를 방지하는 시금석이 될 것이다. Hundreds of thousand North Korean refugees are desperate in seeking safe shelters in the Northeastern parts of China. A more terrible tragedy is that scores of thousand orphans born between North Korean escapee mother and Chinese father roam the streets without proper care or basic education. Chinese authorities tell us that they treat those North Koreans in accordance with the international law, domestic law and humanitarian principles. However, they don’t allow refugee status to those North Koreans and arrest them as illegal border crossers and forcibly send back to North Korea. Around five thousands North Korean refugees are forcibly repatriated annually and suffer inhumane treatment such as torture, imprisonment in a Gulag and open execution to death. These Chinese measures constitute an obvious violation of the‘Non-Refoulement Principle’ stipulated in Article 33, Para 1 of the Refugees Convention and Article 3 of the Convention against Torture (CAT). China is a State Party to those treaties. China ratified other major human rights treaties such as International Covenant on the Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESR), International Convention on Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Every monitoring committee of those treaties has urged China to protect those North Korean refugees. International community should urge China not to repatriate North Koreans through the UN mechanisms for human rights protection and through bilateral human rights dialogues with China. By naming, China will feel shaming and cannot but find solutions. International community is not begging China for a mercy to those North Koreans, but asking her to duly abide by international law and obligations as a responsible big power. Solution of this tragic case of North Korean refugees in China has strategic importance. It’s a short cut for improving North Korean human rights situation, a preparation for a peaceful unification of the Korean peninsula, a positioning Korea as a center for human rights in the region and a test case to prevent so-called Finlandization of Korean peninsula to mainland China.

魏晉時期 水軍 활동과 자연재해 : 造船과 環境의 관계를 중심으로

金錫佑(Kim Suk-woo) 중국고중세사학회 2010 중국고중세사연구 Vol.24 No.-

[중국중세] 2018~2019년 魏晉隋唐史 연구의 동향

김석우(Kim, Suk-woo) 역사학회 2020 역사학보 Vol.0 No.247

During the 2018-2019 period, Korean researchers of Wei-Jin-Sui-Tang history produced approximately 110 papers and several books. Interest in newly unearthed materials, such as the epitaph and carved stones, is a catalyst for the study of medieval china in recent times. Using the written records and such new sources, important research papers are being produced in various fields, including document administration and urban history, daily life history, gender issues, and religious history. This shows that Korean chinese history academia is keeping pace with the world’s academic trends and standards. This trend is likely to continue in the future. On the other hand, the history of international relations and the study of Sino-Korean relations are still the most frequent. The history of international relations has studied micro-problems such as the movement of envoys and entry procedures, and using cemetery data, the paper on how the Goguryeo people lived in the Tang Dynasty deepened the understanding of medieval Sino-Korean relations. One thing to remember in particular is that Professor Park Han-je published four books on the theory of the ‘Sino-Barbarian Synthesis’, which he has long studied. This is an important achievement in this period.

西晉 시기 杜預 『左傳』주석의 몇 가지 형식과 그의 정치적 이상

김석우(Kim Suk Woo) 동양사학회 2015 東洋史學硏究 Vol.130 No.-

계단상 하상구조를 이용한 계류복원 방안

김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ),전근우 ( Kun Woo Chun ),김경남 ( Kyoung Nam Kim ),박종민 ( Chong Min Park ),마루타니토모미 ( Marutani Tomomi ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Mountain streams, which are major components of an entire river network, play an important role as the source of water, sediment, coarse and fine organic matter, and nutrients for lowland rivers. Therefore, dynamics and downstream linkages of each compartment of the mountain stream can be essential for watershed management in catchment scale. The dynamics and downstream linkages are understood as a development of step-pool sequences along a river course. Recently, stream restoration after flooding event often employ the development of step-pool sequences in the world. In this paper, we 1) examined the geomorphic characteristics and the role of step-pool sequences in steep mountain streams by reviewing the results of past studies, and 2) introduced the case studies of stream restoration using step-pool sequences, and finally 3) addressed design methods considering geometry and stability of artificial step-pool sequences for stream restoration. Step-pool sequences play an important role not only as roughness with energy dissipation but also as heterogeneity of stream feature for aquatic habitat. Step-pool sequences, even if they are constructed artificially along a stream, may be effective for small stream restoration considering eco-friendly torrent controls. So far the artificial step-pool sequences were employed for mountainous streams, but those would be applied to urban stream.