4E-BP is a target of the GCN2–ATF4 pathway during <i>Drosophila</i> development and aging

Kang, Min-Ji,Vasudevan, Deepika,Kang, Kwonyoon,Kim, Kyunggon,Park, Jung-Eun,Zhang, Nan,Zeng, Xiaomei,Neubert, Thomas A.,Marr II, Michael T.,Ryoo, Hyung Don The Rockefeller University Press 2017 The Journal of cell biology Vol.216 No.1

<P>Reduced amino acid availability attenuates mRNA translation in cells and helps to extend lifespan in model organisms. The amino acid deprivation activated kinase GCN2 mediates this response in part by phosphorylating elF2 alpha. In addition, the cap-dependent translational inhibitor 4E-BP is transcriptionally induced to extend lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster, but through an unclear mechanism. Here, we show that GCN2 and its downstream transcription factor, ATF4, mediate 4E-BP induction, and GCN2 is required for lifespan extension in response to dietary restriction of amino acids. The 4E-BP intron contains ATF4-binding sites that not only respond to stress but also show inherent ATF4 activity during normal development. Analysis of the newly synthesized proteome through metabolic labeling combined with click chemistry shows that certain stress-responsive proteins are resistant to inhibition by 4E-BP, and gcn2 mutant flies have reduced levels of stress-responsive protein synthesis. These results indicate that GCN2 and ATF4 are important regulators of 4E-BP transcription during normal development and aging.</P>

다단 습식 스크러버에서 SO₂와 NO 동시저감에 대한 시뮬레이션

쩡이제(Yi-Jie Zeng),김강민(Kang-Min Kim),김민우(Min-Woo Kim),이병화(Byoung-Hwa Lee),전충환(Chung-Hwan Jeon),이영주(Young-Joo Lee),최영찬(Young-Chan Choi),이강산(Kang-San Lee),윤형철(Hyung-Chul Yoon),박준수(Jun-Su Park),최종원(Jong-Wo 한국에너지기후변화학회 2022 한국에너지기후변화학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.5

Pattern of urine iodine excretion with low iodine diet during preparation for radioactive iodine ablation in patients with thyroid cancer

Kang, Sang‐,Wook,Yap, Zeng Z.,Lee, Cho Rok,Lee, Jandee,Jeong, Jong Ju,Nam, Kee‐,Hyun,Yun, Mi Jin,Lee, Eun Jig,Chung, Woong Youn,Park, Cheong Soo J. Wiley 2019 Head & neck Vol.41 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>The optimal period of low iodine diet during preparation for radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation in an area with iodine‐rich diet was investigated.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Ninety‐four patients with thyroid cancer who underwent low iodine diet and RAI were prospectively allocated into 2 groups—thyroxine withdrawal or using recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) for TSH stimulation. Their urinary iodine excretion (UIE) patterns were analyzed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>There was no clinicopathological difference between the 2 groups except for tumor size and lymph node status. The UIE (median iodine to creatinine ratio, I/Cr) in the withdrawal group on the 7th and 14th day were 18.3 and 17.9 μg/gCr, respectively, with adequate preparation rate of 93.3% on both days (cutoff value 100 μg/gCr). In the rhTSH group, the median I/Cr on the 7th and 14th day were 48.0 and 45.7 μg/gCr (adequate preparation rates 91.8% and 93.8%), respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>One week of low iodine diet is sufficient preparation for RAI regardless of method of TSH stimulation.</P>

Comprehensive analysis of acid gases on mercury removal by CuCl2 modified char exposure to oxy-fuel environment: Experiment and XPS perception

Zeng Qingshan,Wang Hui,Wu Jingmao,Ran Hengyuan,Yang Kang,Wu Jianfei 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.12

In this work, 0.15 mol/L CuCl2 solution was used to impregnate rice husk char. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor to investigate the oxidation mechanism of Hg0 by acidic gases. The effects of acid gases (SO2, HCl and NO) atmospheres on the mercury removal efficiency of the adsorbent were studied by FTIR, XPS and experiments. The FTIR results showed that the surface of the prepared rice husk char adsorbent contained a large amount of Cu2+ and chlorine-containing functional groups. The XPS results showed that the Cu+ on the surface of the adsorbent increased after mercury adsorption. This work shows that the inhibitory effect of SO2 on Hg removal is reflected in the blockage of the pore structure on the adsorbent surface; the competitive adsorption of O2 needed for the generation of C-O*, the formation of an acid mist by SO2 hinders the contact of Hg0 with the active site. The promotion of HCl is due to the production of active chlorine substances (Cl*) to promote the oxidation of Hg0 to HgCl, HgCl2 and HgO. And introduction of NO will react with O2, while generation of NO2 is beneficial to the oxidation of Hg0 to HgO and Hg(NO3)2. The optimum mercury removal efficiency of the adsorbent is nearly 100% under certain conditions.

Effects of Momordica charantia Saponins on In vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Microbial Population

Kang, Jinhe,Zeng, Bo,Tang, Shaoxun,Wang, Min,Han, Xuefeng,Zhou, Chuanshe,Yan, Qiongxian,He, Zhixiong,Liu, Jinfu,Tan, Zhiliang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Momordica charantia saponin (MCS) on ruminal fermentation of maize stover and abundance of selected microbial populations in vitro. Five levels of MCS supplements (0, 0.01, 0.06, 0.30, 0.60 mg/mL) were tested. The pH, $NH_3-N$, and volatile fatty acid were measured at 6, 24, 48 h of in vitro mixed incubation fluids, whilst the selected microbial populations were determined at 6 and 24 h. The high dose of MCS increased the initial fractional rate of degradation at t-value = 0 ($FRD_0$) and the fractional rate of gas production (k), but decreased the theoretical maximum of gas production ($V_F$) and the half-life ($t_{0.5}$) compared with the control. The $NH_3-N$ concentration reached the lowest concentration with 0.01 mg MCS/mL at 6 h. The MSC inclusion increased (p<0.001) the molar proportion of butyrate, isovalerate at 24 h and 48 h, and the molar proportion of acetate at 24 h, but then decreased (p<0.05) them at 48 h. The molar proportion of valerate was increased (p<0.05) at 24 h. The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P; linear, p<0.01) was increased at 24 h, but reached the least value at the level of 0.30 mg/mL MCS. The MCS inclusion decreased (p<0.05) the molar proportion of propionate at 24 h and then increased it at 48 h. The concentration of total volatile fatty acid was decreased (p<0.001) at 24 h, but reached the greatest concentration at the level of 0.01 mg/mL and the least concentration at the level of 0.60 mg/mL. The relative abundance of Ruminococcus albus was increased at 6 h and 24 h, and the relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes was the lowest (p<0.05) at 0.60 mg/mL at 6 h and 24 h. The relative abundance of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and fungus reached the greatest value (p<0.05) at low doses of MCS inclusion and the least value (p<0.05) at 0.60 mg/mL at 24 h. The present results demonstrates that a high level of MCS quickly inhibits in vitro fermentation of maize stover, while MCS at low doses has the ability to modulate the ruminal fermentation pattern by regulating the number of functional rumen microbes including cellulolytic bacteria and fungi populations, and may have potential as a feed additive applied in the diets of ruminants.

An experimental study of a spring-loaded needle-free injector: Influence of the ejection volume and injector orifice diameter

Dongping Zeng,Ni Wu,Lu Xie,Xiaoxiao Xia,Yong Kang 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.11

Needle-free injection is an alternative strategy to conventional needle injection in the field of drug delivery. This approach offers a number of advantages, especially in reducing complaints of needle phobia and avoiding the occurrence of accidental needle stick injuries. The ejection volume and orifice diameter are inherently important in determining the injection depth and percent delivery. In this study, we investigate the dispersion pattern of liquid penetration into gels and porcine tissues using a needle-free injector with ejection volumes of 0.05 to 0.35 mL and orifice diameters of 0.17 to 0.50 mm. In addition, the influence of the two parameters is analyzed quantitatively on the dispersion pattern through impact experiments and injection experiments. Furthermore, an equation of the jet power calculated by the ejection volume and orifice diameter is proposed to describe the delivery fraction of the injection experiments. Controls of the ejection volume and orifice diameter are demonstrated to help achieve a more effective injection process and a better injection experience.

Molecular and cytological evidences for the natural wheatgrass hybrids occurrence and origin in west China

Jian Zeng,Xing Fan,Hai-Qin Zhang,Li-Na Sha,Hou-Yang Kang,Li Zhang,Rui-Wu Yang,Chun-Bang Ding,Yong-Hong Zhou 한국유전학회 2012 Genes & Genomics Vol.34 No.5

Interspecies hybridization has been frequently observed in the tribe Triticeae. Natural hybridization between Kengyilia and Roegneria or Elymus species has not been reported as yet. Several sterile wheatgrass individuals exhibiting intermediately morphological traits between Kengyilia and Roegneria or Elymus species were identified in the meadow of Sichuan and Gansu provinces in China, suggesting their natural hybrid origin. The putative hybrids were analyzed by using the sequences of ITS and trnH-psbA together with cytological observation in order to assess the origin of hybrids. Both ITS and cytological data revealed the evidence of allopolyploid origin and confirmed the presence of StStYYP and StStYYHP genomes in the putative natural hybrids. The data suggest that the StStYYP hybrid originated from hybridization between Kengyilia and Roegneria and the hybrid with StStYYHP originated from hybridization between Kengyilia and Elymus. Chloroplast sequence data demonstrated that K. rigidula and K. melanthera were the likely maternal donors in the hybridization events.

Inferring Sequential Order of Somatic Mutations during Tumorgenesis based on Markov Chain Model

Hao Kang,Kwang-Hyun Cho,Zhang, Xiaohua Douglas,Tao Zeng,Luonan Chen IEEE 2015 IEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and Vol.12 No.5

<P>Tumors are developed and worsen with the accumulated mutations on DNA sequences during tumorigenesis. Identifying the temporal order of gene mutations in cancer initiation and development is a challenging topic. It not only provides a new insight into the study of tumorigenesis at the level of genome sequences but also is an effective tool for early diagnosis of tumors and preventive medicine. In this paper, we develop a novel method to accurately estimate the sequential order of gene mutations during tumorigenesis from genome sequencing data based on Markov chain model as TOMC (Temporal Order based on Markov Chain), and also provide a new criterion to further infer the order of samples or patients, which can characterize the severity or stage of the disease. We applied our method to the analysis of tumors based on several high-throughput datasets. Specifically, first, we revealed that tumor suppressor genes (TSG) tend to be mutated ahead of oncogenes, which are considered as important events for key functional loss and gain during tumorigenesis. Second, the comparisons of various methods demonstrated that our approach has clear advantages over the existing methods due to the consideration on the effect of mutation dependence among genes, such as co-mutation. Third and most important, our method is able to deduce the ordinal sequence of patients or samples to quantitatively characterize their severity of tumors. Therefore, our work provides a new way to quantitatively understand the development and progression of tumorigenesis based on high throughput sequencing data.</P>

Experimental investigation on penetration performance of larger volume needle-free injection device

Dongping Zeng,Ni Wu,Lei Qian,Hanqing Shi,Yong Kang 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.9

The injection performance of a small volume of needle-free injection (up to 0.3 mL) has proven to be controllable and satisfactory in transdermal drug delivery. However, no comprehensive research on the behavior of larger volume injections with different requirements for clinical applications exists. This study aims to present the penetration characteristics of larger volume injections, including dynamic properties, dispersion pattern, and percent delivery. The researchers conduct impact and injection experiments with injection volumes from 0.1-1.0 mL, driving pressures of 0.5-1.75 MPa, and orifice diameters of 0.17-0.5 mm. This study uses high-speed photography and impact experiments to capture the dynamic properties of the liquid jet. The researchers observe the dispersion patterns of liquid penetration into the gels in the gel injection experiments and investigate the percentages of liquid delivered to the skin tissues in porcine tissues injection experiments. Moreover, this study uses the response surface methodology (RSM) to analyze the interactive effect between various injection parameters on the injection performance. Results describe the differences in penetration performance between larger volume injections and small volume injections, and the critical volume of the mentioned injections is approximately 0.6 mL.

신 에너지 자동차 체험관 제3의 공간 특징이 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 중국 상하이 웨이라이 신에너지 자동차 체험관의 관람객을 중심으로

증리가(Zeng, Li Jia),강재철(Kang, Jae cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2021 한국디자인리서치 Vol.6 No.3

체험 소비가 생기면서 체험 상업공간도 대세로 자리잡게 되었다. 많은 기업에서 상업공간을 소비자가 쉽게 방문할 수 있는 다양한 공간으로 만들었다. 카페·도서실·어린이 놀이방 등 제3의 공간 을 상업 체험공간에 융합하여 제3의 공간 의 특징을 살려 판촉과 홍보에 활용하고 있다. 중국 신에너지 자동차의 급성장에 따라 많은 브랜드에서 신에너지 자동차 체험관을 만들었지만, 체험관에 제3의 공간 을 설치하는 경우는 많지 않다. 본 연구에서 신에너지 자동차 체험관 제3의 공간 의 특징이 소비자의 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 한다. 즉 신에너지 자동차 체험관에서 제3의 공간 을 설치하는 것은 관람객의 체험의 쾌적한 정서에 영향을 미치고 나아가 구매의도를 향상시킬 수 있는지를 검증하고자 한다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 현장 조사를 통해 중국 상하이에서의 신에너지 자동차 체험관의 제3의 공간 의 현황을 고찰하고 정리하였다. 또한, 중국 웨이라이 자동차 체험관을 설문 조사 장소로 선정하여 체험관을 방문한 관람객을 설문 조사대상으로 하여 설문 조사를 진행하였다. 총 262부의 유효 설문지가 회수되었고 SPSS 21.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 자동차 체험관 제3의 공간 특징이 쾌적한 정서에 유의한 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 쾌적한 정서는 구매의도에 유의한 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 신에너지 자동차 체험관의 공간 디자인에 데이터와 이론적 지원을 제공할 수 있고 관람객 체험의 쾌적한 정서를 높이고, 나아가 소비자의 구매의도를 높여 궁극적으로 신에너지 자동차 판매와 보급률을 높이게 될 수 있다. With the emergence of experience consumption, experience commercial spaces are gradually becoming mainstream. Many companies are turning commercial spaces into diverse spaces that can be easily accessed by consumers. For example, the third space such as cafes, libraries and children s playrooms are integrated into the commercial experience spaces, making the commercial space equipped with the third space character to achieve promotional and publicity purposes. With the rapid development of new energy vehicles in China, various brands of New Energy Vehicles Experience Halls have been set up, but not many of them have the third space .The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the characteristics of “the third space” in a NEV Experience Hall on consumers purchase intentions. Setting up the third space in a NEV Experience Hall can increase the pleasure of the visitor s experience and can increase their purchase intention. Taking the purpose of this study as a starting point, this paper examines the current situation of the third space of the NEV Experience Hall in Shanghai, China, and presents a statistical summary. At the same time, this paper selects China Weilai(蔚来)NEV Experience Hall as the research object, and conducts a questionnaire survey on 262 visitors who have visited the Experience Hall, and makes an empirical analysis with SPSS21.0. The results of this study show that the characteristics of the third space in the Vehicles Experience Hall will have a positive impact on visitors pleasure mood, and pleasure mood will have a positive impact on vehicle purchase intention. The research conclusion of this paper can provide data and theoretical support for the space design of NEV Experience Hall in China, so as to enhance visitors experience pleasure, improve consumers purchase intention, and finally improve the sales volume and penetration rate of new energy vehicles.