Metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis predict tumor progression and survival after salvage surgery for recurrent oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

Choi, Woo Ri,Oh, Jungsu S.,Roh, Jong‐,Lyel,Kim, Jae Seung,Oh, Inhye,Choi, Seung‐,Ho,Nam, Soon Yuhl,Kim, Sang Yoon J. Wiley 2019 Head & neck Vol.41 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>This study evaluated the prognostic role of Fluorine 18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (<SUP>18</SUP>F‐FDG PET/CT) parameters quantitatively measured in patients with recurrent oral cavity cancer.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to assess the associations between quantitative <SUP>18</SUP>F‐FDG PET/CT parameters and other clinicopathological factors and progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>All of the <SUP>18</SUP>F‐FDG PET parameters (SUV<SUB>max</SUB>, SUV<SUB>mean</SUB>, SUV<SUB>peak</SUB>, metabolic tumor volume [MTV], and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were significantly associated with poor PFS and OS outcomes after salvage treatment (<I>P</I> < .01). In multivariate analyses, Karnofsky performance score, recurrence site, MTV, and TLG were independent variables predictive of both PFS and OS (<I>P</I> < .05). High MTV (>8.8 mL) or TLG (>29.4 g) values at recurrent lesions were associated with >5‐fold increased risk for tumor progression and mortality after salvage surgery.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The PET parameters of MTV and TLG measured at recurrent lesions may predict tumor progression and survival after salvage treatment.</P><P><B>Condensed Abstract</B></P><P>This study examined the role of <SUP>18</SUP>F‐FDG PET/CT at recurrent staging for predicting tumor progression and survival in 71 consecutive patients with recurrent oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. Of <SUP>18</SUP>F‐FDG parameters, metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis were independent factors predictive of tumor progression and survival after salvage treatment.</P>

Pattern of urine iodine excretion with low iodine diet during preparation for radioactive iodine ablation in patients with thyroid cancer

Kang, Sang‐,Wook,Yap, Zeng Z.,Lee, Cho Rok,Lee, Jandee,Jeong, Jong Ju,Nam, Kee‐,Hyun,Yun, Mi Jin,Lee, Eun Jig,Chung, Woong Youn,Park, Cheong Soo J. Wiley 2019 Head & neck Vol.41 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>The optimal period of low iodine diet during preparation for radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation in an area with iodine‐rich diet was investigated.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Ninety‐four patients with thyroid cancer who underwent low iodine diet and RAI were prospectively allocated into 2 groups—thyroxine withdrawal or using recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) for TSH stimulation. Their urinary iodine excretion (UIE) patterns were analyzed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>There was no clinicopathological difference between the 2 groups except for tumor size and lymph node status. The UIE (median iodine to creatinine ratio, I/Cr) in the withdrawal group on the 7th and 14th day were 18.3 and 17.9 μg/gCr, respectively, with adequate preparation rate of 93.3% on both days (cutoff value 100 μg/gCr). In the rhTSH group, the median I/Cr on the 7th and 14th day were 48.0 and 45.7 μg/gCr (adequate preparation rates 91.8% and 93.8%), respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>One week of low iodine diet is sufficient preparation for RAI regardless of method of TSH stimulation.</P>

Augmenting Reed–Solomon coding with retransmission for error recovery in 3G video broadcasts

Kang, Kyungtae,Cho, Yongwoo,Shin, Heonshik J. Wiley 2007 Concurrency and Computation: Practice & Experience Vol.19 No.8

<P>The error-prone nature of the radio channel is the major challenge in servicing video streams over cdma2000 broadcast networks. The MAC protocol for broadcast and multicast services (BCMCS) in cdma2000 specifies forward error correction using Reed–Solomon coding, which is effective in recovering from bursts of errors. However, its performance degrades significantly when channel conditions are bad, a frequent occurrence at the edge of the coverage area, reducing the availability of high-speed broadcasts. We propose an error recovery scheme and a scheduling algorithm based on the use of slots saved by changing to a Reed–Solomon code with a lower parity overhead. Within the fixed transmission budget thus created, corrupted packets are retransmitted in a priority order determined by a utility function that is derived from the map of the error control block at each mobile, and which also considers the number of mobiles that did not receive each lost packet. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in improving the quality of high-data-rate MPEG-4 video streams over a range of channel conditions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

What is the role of unripe Rubus coreanus extract on penile erection?

Zhao, Chen,Kim, Hye Kyung,Kim, Sung Zoo,Chae, Han Jung,Cui, Wan Shou,Lee, Sung Won,Jeon, Ju Hong,Park, Jong Kwan Heyden Son ; J. Wiley 2011 Phytotherapy research Vol.25 No.7

<P>The effect of unripe Rubus coreanus extract on rabbit penile corpus cavernosum (PCC) was evaluated. Penises were obtained from healthy male New Zealand white rabbits (2.5-3.0 kg). The pre-contracted penis with phenylephrine (Phe, 10?μM) was treated with various concentrations of an extract of unripe R. coreanus (0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4?mg/mL). The change in penile tension was recorded, cyclic nucleotides in the perfusate and the PCC were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the perfused PCC were measured by western blotting. The interaction between unripe R. coreanus and sildenafil was also evaluated. The PCC relaxation induced by the extracts of R. coreanus was in a concentration-dependent manner and enhanced sildenafil-induced PCC relaxation. The perfusion of penile cavernous tissue with the unripe R. coreanus extract increased cGMP and cAMP in the tissue and in the perfusate and the expression of eNOS and nNOS in the tissue. The unripe R. coreanus extract exerts a relaxing effect on penile cavernous tissue in part by activating the NO-cGMP system and it may improve erectile dysfunction (ED), which does not completely respond to sildenafil citrate.</P>

Isolation of diacyl glycerol acyl transferase (DGAT) inhibitors from Pachydictyon coriaceum.

Choi, Byoung Wook,Lee, Hyun Sun,Lee, Kyung Bok,Lee, Bong Ho Heyden Son ; J. Wiley 2011 Phytotherapy research Vol.25 No.7

<P>The pharmacological inhibition of acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20) has emerged as a target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Chromatographic analysis of the brown alga, Pachydictyon coriaceum, led to the isolation of diterpene dictyol E and hydroxyisocrenulatin. Pharmacological assay of these compounds demonstrated DGAT inhibitory activity with IC?? values of 46.0?μM and 23.3?μM, respectively.</P>

In vitro and in vivo inhibition of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by the hexane extract of Poncirus trifoliata.

Kim, Bo-Young,Yoon, Hyung-Young,Yun, Sun-Il,Woo, Eun-Rhan,Song, Nan-Kyu,Kim, Hyun-Gyu,Jeong, Seon-Yong,Chung, Yoon-Sok Heyden Son ; J. Wiley 2011 Phytotherapy research Vol.25 No.7

<P>This study was performed to discover a novel herbal therapeutic for effective glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) treatment and further to clarify its molecular mechanism of action. Ethanol or methanol extracts of 68 edible Korean native plants were screened to find effective natural plant sources for the treatment of GIO, and Poncirus trifoliata (L.) (Rutaceae, PT) was selected as a final candidate because of its high inhibitory activity plus its novelty. The hexane extract of PT (PT-H) inhibited apoptotic cell death in dexamethasone-induced osteoblastic cell lines, C3H10T1/2 and MC3T3-E1. In vivo mouse results indicated that PT-H not only had an inhibitory effect on the bone loss caused by glucocorticoid, but also promoted bone formation. The molecular mechanisms behind the effect of PT-H on GIO were further clarified by screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoblastic cells with or without PT-H treatment. Finally, it was found that the expression level of AnxA6 in Dex-induced osteoblastic cells and prednisolone (PD)-treated GIO-model mice was significantly decreased by PT-H treatment. These findings suggest that PT-H has a strong in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect on GIO, and decreased expression of AnxA6 may play a key role in this inhibition.</P>

Hepatoprotective effect of flavonoid glycosides from Lespedeza cuneata against oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hyperoxide.

Kim, Sang Min,Kang, Kyungsu,Jho, Eun Hye,Jung, Yu-Jin,Nho, Chu Won,Um, Byung-Hun,Pan, Cheol-Ho Heyden Son ; J. Wiley 2011 Phytotherapy research Vol.25 No.7

<P>The aerial parts of Lespedeza cuneata G. Don, perennial legume native to Eastern Asia, have been used therapeutically in traditional Asian medicine to protect the function of liver, kidneys and lungs. However, little is known about the pharmaceutical effect of extracts from this plant. In the present study, the aerial parts of L. cuneata were used to prepare an ethanol extract, which was then tested for hepatoprotective effects against injury by tert-butyl hyperoxide (t-BHP). At a dose of 20 μg/mL, the ethanol extract significantly protected HepG2 cells against the cytotoxicity of t-BHP. Further fractionation of the extract with ethyl acetate allowed the isolation of five flavonoid compounds that were structurally identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as isovitexin, hirsutrin, trifolin, avicularin and quercetin. Hirsutrin, avicularin and quercetin (10 μM) showed clear hepatoprotective activity against injury by t-BHP in HepG2 cells, whereas isovitexin and trifolin showed no protective effects. The observed hepatoprotective effect of the investigated compounds showed a high correlation with radical scavenging activity, which followed the structure-activity relationships of the flavonoid aglycones.</P>