수업년한에 따른 치기공과 교육과정의 비교 분석

배봉진,이화식,장기환 대구보건대학 2005 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The college curricular system started from 2-years in 1971, was changed to 3-years in 1994, and was extended to 4-years in 2000. This study is a comparative analysis of the models of 2 and 3-year curricula (19 colleges plus one 4-year college throughout Korea) for departments of dental technology. As a result of the comparative analysis of the influence of changes in the number of academic years on cultural subjects and major subjects for students. 1. In curricula, the ratio of obligatory credits for cultural subjects compared to total credits required for graduation is in the order of 4-year, 2-year and 3-year system. It is assumed to be for the purpose to reduce the importance of cultural subjects and increase that of major subjects. 2. In curricula, the ratio of major subjects is in the order of 3-year, 2-year and 4-year system. It is analyzed that the 3-year system emphasizes the importance of major subjects most, and seems that the reason why the 4-year system has relatively smaller hours of major subjects is because it has a different goal of education. 3. In curricula, the ratio of classroom lectured major subjects is in the order of 4-year, 2-year and 3-year system, while that of practical training is in the order of 3-year, 2-year and 4-year system. Heightening the importance of practical training in the 3-year system can be seen as coinciding with the goal of fostering technicians of middle standing. 4. The 3-year system provides students with 9 credit points (9.21 credit points) or 270 hours of clinical training. It is analyzed to be for the purpose of making students properly adapt themselves to actual circumstances after graduation.

감귤파괴를 함유하는 유과의 품질특성

배화순,이예경,김순동 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.5

Quality characteristics of Yukwa, Korean traditional rice cookie, added with citrus peel (2, 4 and 6%) were investigated. Yukwa was prepared by adding the water homogenate of the peel and the quality characteristics were evaluated by the expansion rate, texture, color, sensory quality and content of total carotenoid, hesperidine and naringin. 1-he expansion rate (1,517~855%) of Yukwa with higher concentrations of citrus peel powder was lower than that of control product (1,740%) and the brittleness followed the same trend. However, the values were in the range of those of the traditional Korean Yukwa. The color of the control Yukwa (L^(*) value: 63.3~49.9, a^(*) value: 10.6~17.8, b^(*) value: 12.6~56.4) was white, but with citrus peel (2~6%) light yellow-yellow (L^(*) value: 63.3~49.9, a^(*) value: 10.6~17.8, b^(*) values: 12.6~56.4). Carotenoid, hesperidin and naringin contents of Yukwa with the addition of peel powder were 0.18~0.51 ㎎%. 36.55~101.60 ㎎% and 24.65~70.81 ㎎%, respectively. The color and the overall acceptability of Yukwa with 4% of citrus peel powder were the best. This combination had some orange flavor, but no differences in both sweet and sour taste.

65세 이상의 노령층에서 고지혈증의 위험요인

김용배,장원기,황보영,김화성,안규동,이병국,이용진,김세훈,김승수,김승훈,김영록,김웅빈,이성수 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.1

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女子老人의 衣生活實態에 關한 硏究

배정숙,박화순 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1984 産業技術硏究 Vol.3 No.-

This research have been made to know the actual conditions of clothing of old women. This results are as follows. The sample is divided into two groups. One group is the ordinary old women at home in Dae gu area (Ordinary Group). The other group is the old women in the school for the elder (Student Group). 1. They regard facility as serous. more than 90% of them want to clothe the front-opened cloth. 2. They have little interest(20%) in fashion. Because, in the present time, the fashion is generally for the young not to for the old. 3. They want to buy durable and commonplace clothe under the consideration of the utility and the economy. 4. in the plain clothes, they tent to clothe in western clothes and his tendency is more clear in student group (94.4%) than in ordinary group(71.5%). In the street clothes, while student group generally(74.5%) clothe in western cloth, ordinary group generally(76.5%) clothe in korean cloth. 5. Ordinary group clothe in the korean clothes because of practical reason that it is practiced and not fashionable. Student group clothe it because of psychological reason that it is traditional and beautiful. They clothe in the western clothes as it is functional and active. 6. In case of korean clothes, they get the custom clothes generally. In case of western clothes, they get the custom and ready-made clothes almost equally. 7. Most of them(70%) are uneasy in western cloth because it made too tightly for its form. 8. They are food of natural fiver as the cloth for lining because of its feeing and warmth.

정규직과 비정규직 노동자의 기업복지 차이 연구 : 한국노동패널(KLIPS) 6차 자료를 중심으로

배화숙 한국사회복지정책학회 2005 사회복지정책 Vol.21 No.-

본 연구는 급증하고 있는 비정규직 노동자에 대안 기업복지 제공 현황을 정규직노동자와 비교함으로써 비정규직의 상대적 취약성을 검토하고, 분석결과를 통해 기업복지에서 비정규직 노동자의 소외와 차별을 완화시키기 위안 대안을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 2003년 한국노동패널 6차 자료에서 임금 근로자 4053명을 대상으로 분석하였다 분석결과 비정규직 노동자는 정규직 노동자에 비해 소규모 기업에 더 많이 고용되어 있으며, 여성 노동자의 비율이 높고, 연령층도 높은 편이었다. 기업복지 급여 제공의 대부분 항목에서 정규직과 비정규직 노동자 간에는 유의미한 차이를 보이고 있었다. 급여를 실제로 받을 수 있는가에 대해서도 식사비 보조와 같은 가장 기본적 급여를 제외한 나머지 문항에서는 정규직 노동자와 비정규직 노동자간 유의미한 차이를 보여주었다. 그리고 비정규직 노동자 내에서 집단을 구분하여 차이를 비교한 결과 남성 비정규직 노동자와 여성 비정규직 노동자간에는 식사비용 보조항목 외에는 유의미안 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 시간제 비정규 노동자와 그렇지 않은 비정규 노동자간에는 식사비용 보조, 학비보조, 경조사 지원 등에서 유의미안 차이가 나타났다. 반면, 직접 고용과 간접 고용 간에는 전체 항목에서 유의미안 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 분석결과를 바탕으로 비정규직 노동자의 기업복지와 관련한 문제해결을 위해서는 정규직 노동자와 비교하여 불평등한 급여를 최소좌하여 복지의 차이를 줄여가는 정책들이 제시되어야 하고, 다양한 기업복지 프로그램 개발 및 사내근로 복지 기금과 같은 자원이 형평성 있게 분배될 수 있도록 해야 하며, 아울러 공공 산업복지의 확대를 통해 근로기간 동안의 복지에 대안 소외가 퇴직 후 혹은 노후에 연결되지 않도록 정책적 노력이 필요하다. Non-standard workers have sharply increased because of Structural change of Labor market. However, the existing non-obligatory welfare services have limited to protect contingent workers. The purpose of this paper are to examine the distinction of non-obligatory welfare services between standard and non-standard workers. This study used the individual data of KLIPS(6th) collected in 2003. From data analysis, this study found the non-standard workers' employment conditions have serious problems and were discriminated against the standard workers in being supported not only the public welfare program but also the non-obligatory welfare service. Therefore, this study emphasizes to develop the various non-obligatory welfare programs and to compel the redistribution program for prevention of welfare discrimination and including the contingent workers in society.

췌장 선방세포암 1예

이화정,지준호,박승찬,박정철,최은정,서혜진,이원식,이정림,배병조,손경락,이경희 영남대학교 의과대학 2008 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.25 No.2

Acinar cell carcinoma is a rare tumor that represents 1~2% of al1 pancreatic cancers. Clinical and radiologic findings are inconclusive in this disease Acinar cell carcinoma is characterized by rapid progression and early metastasis, which lead to its poor prognosis. A 41-year-o1d man was admitted to our hospital for abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed a splenic mass, which was being invaded by a pancreatic tail mass and which had increased ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake Primary radical distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathologic findings revealed an acinar cell carcinoma of the Pancreas The patient underwent a total gastrectomy three months later because of gastric recurrence Four months later, multiple hepatic metastases were discovered, and the patient underwent a left hepatectomy During treatment with capecitabine, there was no evidence of tumor progression for 14 months. We report a case of metastatic pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, which did not progress for an extended period while the patient was being treated with capecitabme.

연취급 근로자들의 사회 심리적 스트레스가 연노출 수준에 미치는 영향

김용배,황보영,김화성,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Objectives : This study was carried out to assess psychosocial distress of lead workers and to examine the effect of psychosocial distress on lead exposure indices. Methods : The study design was cross-sectional and research subjects were 246 lead workers in primary smelting industry. General characteristics, job characteristics and social support were obtained by self-administered questionnaire and history taking. Psychosocial distress was measured using PWI(Psycosocial Well-being Index), a 45-item self-administered instrument. Blood lead(PbB), zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP), δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine(ALAU) were selected as indicators of lead exposure. Results : The crude odds ratio of group whose PbB was 20-39 ㎍/㎗ was 3.475(95% CI : 1.243-6.404) and that of group whose PbB was above 40 ㎍/㎗ was 7.586(95% CI : 1.487-15.611). The odds ratio of each group adjusted age, wages, job characteristics, social support, smoking and alcohol drinking habit were still significant. Conclusions : Our results supported the association between lead exposure and psychosocial distress. The inclusion of psychosocial distress measurement as a special health examination for lead workers is highly recommended for the effective prevention of stress in lead workers.

연작업자들에서 혈중 및 골중 연량과 조혈기능 지표 사이의 관련성에 ALAD 다형질성이 미치는 영향

김화성,이성수,김용배,황보영,리갑수,안규동,장봉기,이병국 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

목 적 : 혈중 연량 및 골중 연량과 조혈기능의 생화학적 지표사이의 관련성에 f-aminolevinicacid dehydratase 효소의 유전형질의 다형질성이 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 연작업자 450명을 연폭로군으로 연폭로가 없는 85명을 대조군으로 선정하였다. 방 법 : 조혈기능의 생화학적 지표로는 혈중ZPP, 요중 ALA, 혈색소 및 혈구용적치를 택하였고, 이들 상호관계에 영향을 줄 수 있는 교란변수로서 성, 연령, BMI, 흡연습관, 음주습관 및 연작업자들의 경우 연폭로 기간을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 동형유전형질인 ALADI을 가진 연작업자들은 407명으로 전체의 90.4 %이었으며, 대조군에서도 77명으로 전체의 90.6 %로서 양군간에 차이가 없었다.동형 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들보다 이형 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들의 골중 연량과 혈중 ZPP의 평균값이 적었으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았고 나머지 연구변수들의 평균도 유전형질의 구분에 따른차이는 없었다. 성, 직력, BMI, 흡연여부, 음주여부 등의 흔란변수를 통제한 후 혈중 연량 및 골중 연량과 ALAD유전형질이 혈색소에 미치는 영향을 구한 바 혈중 연량과 골중 연량만이 혈색소에 유의한 영향을 주었을뿐 ALAD 유전형질은 유의한 영향이 없었다. 반면에 혈구용적치의 경우에는 혈중 연량과 골중 연량 그리고 유전형질 모두가 유의한 영향을 주지 못했다.요중 ALA를 종속변수로 하고 관련 혼란변수를 통제한 후 혈중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 그리고 양자의 교호작용을 독립변수로 한 회귀분석들에서 혈중 연량 및 골중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 모두가 주효과(main effect) 및 교호작용(effect modifies-tion)이 유의하석 이형 ALAD 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들의 ALAU가 동형의 유전형질을 가진 연작업자들보다 상대적으로 낮은 값을 나타냈다.혈중 ZPP를 종속변수로 하고 관련 혼란변수를 통제한 후 혈중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 그리고 양자의 교호작용을 독립변수로 한 회귀분석들에서 혈중연량 및 골중 연량과 ALAD 유전형질 모두가 음의주효과(maln effect)가 나타나서 이형 유전형질의 연작업자들의 혈중 ZPP가 동형 유전형질의 연작업자보다 상대적으로 적은 값을 나타냈으나 교호작용(effect modification)은 없었다. 결 론 : 상기 결과로 미루어 ALAD 유전형질은 혈색소에는 유의한 영향을 주지 못했으나 ALAU 및 혈중 ZPP에는 유의한 영향을 주어 동형의 유전형질인 연작업자보다 이형의 유전형질 연작업자들이 상대적으로 낮은 ALAU와 혈중 ZPP값을 보여주어이형유전형질이 연에 보호효과가 있다는 가설을 돼받침하였다 Objectives : To evaluate the effect of ALAD polymorphism on the relationship of blood and bone lead with hematologic biomarkers in lead exposed workers, 450 lead exposed workers and 85 non-lead exposed workers were selected. Methods : Blood lead and tibia bone lead were selected as parameters of lead exposure and blood ZPP, urinary ALA (ALAU) , hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) were chosen as parameters of hematologic effect of lead exposure. Genotype of each subject was assayed and expressed as ALADI and ALAD2. Demographic information such as sex, age and personal habit of smoking and drinking were collected. Job duration of lead exposed workers was also obtained. Results : The overall prevalence of the variant allele, ALAD2 in lead exposed workers was 9.6 %(43 out of 450 lead workers) which was not differed from control workers (9.4 % : 8 out of 85) . The means of tibial lead and blond ZPP in lead workers with ALAD2 were lower than those of lead workers with ALAD1, but the differences were not statistically significant. After adjusting for possible confounders (sex, job duration, BMI, drinking and smoking status) only blood lead and bone lead contributed negatively to the level of hemoglobin with statistical significance without any contribution of ALAD genotype. On the other hand, no significant effect of blood lead, bone lead and ALAD genotype were observed on the level of hematocrit after controlling possible confounder. ALAD genotype in the multiple regression analysis of blood lead fed bone lead with log transformed urinary ALA (LogALAU) after adjusting for possible confounders showed significant main and interaction effect on LogALAU simultaneously, which resulted lower LogALAU in lead exposed workers of ALAD2 than ALAD1. It was also observed only main effect of ALAD gene type on blood ZPP after adjusting possible confounder resulting lower ZPP in lead workers of ALAD2 than ALAD1. Conclusions : With above results, it was found that ALAD polymorphism did not affect on the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit, but ALAD polymorphism made significant effect on the association of blood and bone lead with urinary ALA and blood ZPP. The lower urinary ALA and blood ZPP in ALAD2 lead workers suggested that ALAD2 genotype may be supportive for the protective effect of lead.

시금치(Spinacia oleracea L.)엽록체의 광합성 전자전달 활성에 미치는 linolenic acid의 영향

鄭華淑,鄭培善 慶北大學校 師範大學 1990 敎育硏究誌 Vol.32 No.-

The effect of unsaturated fatty acids on photosynthetic electron transport reaction in isolated choroplasts is investigated to clarify the changes of PS Ⅱ and PS Ⅰ electron transport rates, Chl. a fluorescence intensity, and photosynthetic oxygen evolution. In photosystem Ⅰ, an increase in the electron transport rates occurs in the presence of 10 to 80 μM linolenic acid, followed by a decline in rate from 100 to 300 μM linolenic acid. In photosystem Ⅱ, a decrease in the electron transport rates occurs in the presence of 10 to 20 μM linolenic acid. The efficiency of C_18 unsaturated fatty acids/linolenic (C_(18:3)). linoleic(C_(18:2)) oleic(C_(18:1)) on PS Ⅱ and PS Ⅰ electron transport rates is established in order C_(18:3)>C_(18:2)>C_(18:1) At a low concentration(10-80 μM) of linolenic acid a decrease in Chl. a fluorescence yield was due mostly to the inhibition on the donor side of PS Ⅱ. At a high concentration (100-300 μM), an increase in Chl. a fluorescence yield was due additionally to the inhibition on the acceptor side of PS Ⅱ.

점오염원의 대기확산에 관한 민감도 분석과 모델링

이화운,원경미,배성정 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The sensitivity analysis of two short-term models (ISCST3, INPUFF2.5) is performed to improve the model accuracy. It appears that the sensitivities on the changes of wind speed, stack height and stack inner diameter in the near distance from source, stability and mixing height in the remote distance from source, are significant. Also, the gas exit velocity, stack inner diameter, gas temperature and air temperature which affect the plume rise have some effects on the concentration values of each model within the downwind distance where final plume rise is determined. And in modeling for the atmospheric dispersion of point pollutant source INPUFF2.5 can calculate amount, trajectory of puff and concentration versus time at each receptors. So, it is compatible to analyze distribution of point pollutants concentration at modeling area.