초등학교 5학년 자연과 실험 수업에 대한 문화기술적 연구

최옥자,김효남,백성혜 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1999 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.9 No.1

The most of elementary school science textbook contents are composed of observation and experiment activities. When students study natural phenomena, observation and experiment are strongly emphasized to improve understanding of scientific concepts and inquiry abilities. The purpose of this study is deep understanding about experimental science classes. This ethnographic study is conducted by observations of experimental science classes in natural setting and interviews of teachers, students of the 5th grade. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, the general process of the elementary science experimental classes is 'identifying learning purposes→planning experiments→predicting the results→experimenting→summarizing the results.' The experiments are conducted by group activities and the teachers conceived that the most difficult step considered by students is 'planning experiments'. Second, students like hands-on activities, but they feel difficulty on less guided experiments. Students perform results oriented-activities. Third, in group activities, students prefer to work with the same gender or collaborative peers.

김천대학생들의 구취인지 실태에 관한 조사연구

이은숙 ; 김혜진 ; 김희천 ; 최옥선 김천대학교 2003 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.24 No.-

To help the guidance of treatment method, prevention of halitosis, and oral hygiene management for halitosis patient or non-halitosis group for investigating the status in accordance with awareness of halitosis to improve the oral health for college students, the survey including ques- tionnaire was performed for 331 persons of students who is studying in the Gimcheon college located in the northern province of Kyeongsang-Do. As a conclusion, the following data are obtained. 1. For the question of "I am acknowledging the halitosis", the replying person were 123 persons (37.2%), including men-69 persons(20.8%), women-54 persons(16.3%), So, in case of the ratio of acknowledging the halitosis, men was higher than women. On the contrary, for the question of "I do not acknowledging the halitosis", men-68 persons (20.5%), women-140 persons(42.3%), So, in case of the ratio of non-ackowledging the halitosis, men was much higher than women. 2. For the question of "When did you acknowledge the halitosis at most in the whole day?", total of 127 persons(38.4%) said "as soon as get up" out of the 183 persons (55%) who acknowledging the halitosis. The remaining replies were followed in the order of "before breakfast", "after breakfast", and "before sleeping". 3. In the status of oral hygiene, it showed that the persons who acknowledge the halitosis acts positively the frequency of toothbrushing (more than twice a day), method of toothbrushing, and brushing the tongue than the persons who do not acknowledge the halitosis. 4. In the status of smoking habits, there was no increment according to the duration of smoking, but in the status of amount of smoking, the persons who smokes less than half carton a day were 20 (6.0%), half through one carton a day were 31 (9.4%). So, it showed that the amount of smoking is affected to the cause of halitosis. 5. The ordinary prevention methods for oral hygiene according to the awareness of halitosis were investigated in the order of toothbrushing/brushing the tongue (37.3%), chewing the gum (33%), and using the rinsing liquids (12.4%).

발효홍삼이 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 혈당 및 인슐린저항성에 미치는 영향

김혜옥(Hey-Ok Kim),박민정(Min-Jung Park),한지숙(Ji-Sook Han) 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.40 No.5

본 연구는 홍삼추출물을 Bifidobacterium longum H-1으로 발효시켜 인삼사포닌을 체내에서 흡수가 잘 되는 형태로 변화시킨 발효홍삼을 제2형 당뇨병환자에게 아침과 저녁 식전에 한 캡슐씩 하루 780 ㎎을 섭취하였다. 위약군은 동량의 cellulose를 실험군과 동일하게 제조한 후 같은 방법으로 섭취하도록 하였다. 연구대상자는 약물이나 식사로만 치료하는 총 38명의 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 발효홍삼군 20명(남자 12, 여자 8), 위약군 18명(남자 11, 여자 7)으로 구성되었으며, 두 군의 일반적 특성 및 생활습관은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 연구결과 발효홍삼을 섭취한 군에서의 공복혈당은 136.29±16.45 ㎎/dL에서 127.71±17.74 ㎎/dL로 유의하게(p<0.05) 감소하였으며, 당화혈색소 역시 7.36±1.02%에서 6.96±0.93%로 감소하였다. 특히 당화혈색소가 8% 이상인 고당화혈색소군에서 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 인슐린 저항성은 대조군에서는 유의적 변화가 없는 반면, 발효홍삼군에서는 섭취 전 3.11±1.13 m㏖/L에서 섭취후 2.23±0.71 m㏖/L로 유의한(p<0.01) 감소를 나타내었다. 혈청지질 변화는 없었으며, LDL-콜레스테롤도 발효홍삼군에서 유의한 변화가 없었다. 간 기능 지표인 AST, ALT, γ-GTP와 신장기능 지표인 BUN, creatinine에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 정상범위에 속하여 발효홍삼의 안전성을 확인하였다. 이상의 연구 결과 한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자에 있어 발효홍삼은 혈당 및 당화혈색소 감소와 인슐린 저항성 개선에 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 인체 안전성지표인 간 및 신장 기능도 정상으로 확인되었으므로 당뇨병 환자의 혈당 개선을 통해 합병증지연 또는 예방에 있어 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. We performed a randomized placebo-controlled trial to determine whether or not fermented red ginseng supplementation modulates blood glucose and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 38 patients were randomized to either a fermented red ginseng group or placebo group. The patients in the experimental or placebo group consumed 780 mg of fermented red ginseng or cellulose supplement per day for 12 weeks, respectively. Lifestyle factors and dietary intakes of the patients were not altered during the 12-weeks period. In the fermented red ginseng group after 12 weeks, the fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased (136.29±16.45 ㎎/dL to 127.71±17.74 ㎎/dL) and HbA₁c was also decreased. Especially, high HbA1c (HbA1c≥8%, 8.45±0.56% to 7.82±0.53%) was significantly decreased compared to low HbA1c (HbA1c <8%, 6.71±0.85% to 6.44±0.49%) in the fermented red ginseng group. Serum low-density lipoprotein was slightly decreased in the fermented red ginseng group compared to the placebo group. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance was significantly reduced in the fermented red ginseng group compared to the placebo group. These results suggest that fermented red ginseng supplementation could be helpful to reduce blood glucose by improving insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.

Multi-residue method for the determination of 315 pesticides in agricultural products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Mi Ok Kim,Hyung Il Kim,Eun Ju Kim,Hye Soon Kang,Moo-Song Lim,Ki Mi No,Yong Woo Shin,Min Seok Kim,Ji-Yong Yang,Eun Jung Jang,Ji Hey Min,Jun-Ho Jeon,Chul-Joo Lim,Sun-Ok Choi 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

체외수정으로 임신된 쌍태아에서 수정방법에 따른 임신 중기 triple test의 의의

김혜옥 ( Hey Ok Kim ),송인옥 ( In Ok Song ),차선화 ( Sun Wha Cha ),한정렬 ( Jung Yeol Han ),신중식 ( Joong Sik Shin ),강인수 ( Inn Soo Kang ),궁미경 ( Mi Kyoung Koong ) 대한산부인과학회 2006 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.49 No.11

목적: 다운증후군의 선별검사인 임신 중기의 모체 혈청을 통한 트리플 검사에서 자연 임신된 쌍태아와 보조 생식술로 임신된 쌍태아에서 차이가 있는지 알아보고, 수정방법과 이식된 배아수에 따라 triple marker의 차이가 있는지 연구하였다. 연구 방법: 2001년부터 2004까지 제일병원 아이소망센타를 방문하여 시험관 아기로 쌍태아 임신된 246예 (conventional IVF=106, ICSI=142)와 같은 시기에 제일병원을 방문한 자연임신된 쌍태아 436예를 대상으로 하였다. 연구대상 쌍태아는 본원에서 분만이 확인되었고, 모두 정상이었다. 임신 중기 모체 혈청은 임신 14-18주에 얻었고, hCG, AFP, uE3의 혈청농도는 본원의 주 수에 따른 중앙값에 기준하여 중앙값의 배수 (MoM, multiples of the median)로 나타내었다. 결과: 엄마의 평균연령 (yrs)은 IVF 쌍태아는 31.6±2.8, ICSI 쌍태아는 31.6±3.0, 자연 임신된 쌍태아는 32.1±2.1였고, 임신 중기 혈청 검사 시기는 각각 16.0±0.5주, 16.0±0.7주, 16.1±0.2주로 차이가 없었다. 모체 혈청 total hCG 농도는 세 그룹간의 차이가 없었다 (2.04 vs. 2.06 vs. 2.02; p>0.05). 모체 혈청 AFP은 IVF 쌍태아와 ICSI 쌍태아에서 통계적으로 의미 있게 자연 임신된 쌍태아 보다 증가되었다 (2.40 vs. 2.22 vs. 1.98; p<0.05). 모체 혈청 uE3는 세 그룹간의 차이 없었다 (1.78 vs. 1.72 vs. 1.83; p>0.05). 그리고, 이식된 배아의 수에 따른 total hCG, AFP, uE3의 혈청농도는 차이가 없었다. 결론: IVF 쌍태아에서 다운 증후군의 선별검사를 위한 임신 중기 모체 혈청 내 트리플 marker는 자연 임신된 쌍태아와 차이가 없고, 수정 방법이나 이식된 배아의 수와 관련이 없다. Objective: To compare the midtrimester triple marker levels for down syndrome screening between natural and IVF twin pregnancies and to evaluate the difference triple marker in IVF twin pregnancies according to the fertilization method and number of transferred embryos. Methods: The study population consisted of conventional IVF twin (n=106), ICSI twin (n=142), and natural (n=436) twin pregnancies as controls between 2001 and 2004. All pregnancies in this study were known to have normal outcome. Maternal serum samples were collected between 14-18 gestational weeks. Levels of AFP, total hCG, and uE3 were measured and were expressed as multiples of the median (MoM) based on reference medians established at Cheil Hospital. Results: The mean maternal age (31.6±2.8 vs. 31.6±3.0 vs. 32.1±2.1: conventional IVF group vs. ICSI group vs. control, respectively) and gestational weeks (16.0±0.5 vs. 16.0±0.7 vs. 16.1±0.2) for triple test were similar. There was no difference in levels of all serum markers between conventional IVF and ICSI group. The median AFP MoM for conventional IVF and ICSI group were significantly higher than that of the control group (2.40 vs. 2.22 vs. 1.98; p<0.05). However, the median uE3 MoM for conventional IVF or ICSI group were not different from that of the control group (1.78 vs. 1.72 vs. 1.83; p>0.05). Also, the median hCG MoM was not different from that of the control group (2.04 vs. 2.06 vs. 2.02; p>0.05). There was no correlation in triple marker levels according to the number of transferred embryos in conventional IVF and ICSI groups. Conclusion: Midtrimester triple marker levels of IVF twin pregnancy for down syndrome screening are similar with those of natural twin pregnancy regardless of fertilization method and number of transferred embryos.

증례 : 다발성근염과 만성 B형 간염에 병발한 혼합 간세포-담관상피암종 1예

정혜진 ( Hey Jin Jeong ),김성훈 ( Seong Hun Kim ),김세인 ( Se In Kim ),김인희 ( In Hee Kim ),문우성 ( Woo Sung Moon ),이승옥 ( Seung Ok Lee ),김대곤 ( Dae Ghon Kim ) 대한내과학회 2007 대한내과학회지 Vol.72 No.1

다발성근염은 림프구가 골격근에 침윤하여 비화농성 염증반응을 일으켜 골격근의 손상을 초래하는 원인불명의 자가면역 질환으로, 근위부근육의 대칭적인 근무력이 서서히 진행되는 임상적인 특징을 갖는다. 아직까지 뚜렷한 발병 원인이 규명되지 않은 질환으로 최근 자가면역설과 바이러스 감염설이 가장 유력한 가설로 생각되어지고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 만성간질환과 동반된 경우는 발병률이 매우 낮으며 국내에서 원발성 간암이 함께 병발한 사례는 보고된 바가 없었다. 저자는 최근 만성 B형 간염과 다발성근염으로 치료중인 환자에서 혼합 간세포-담도상피암종이 동시에 병발한 환자 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Polymyositis is characterized by symmetrical proximal muscle weakness, nonsuppurative inflammation of striated skeletal muscle, an elevation of muscle enzymes, and abnormality of electromyographical changes, but its pathogenesis is not clear. In recent years, there has been an increased awareness of the association of malignant tumors with this disorder. Still, the relationship between polymyositis and a malignant tumor remain obscure. Some researchers have suggested that the cause of polymyositis may be due to an autoimmune response induced by aviral infection. However, a chronic hepatitis B virus infection associated with polymyositis is very rare. We present in this report a rare case of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma associated with polymyositis and chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (Korean J Med 72:79-84, 2007)

생체신호를 이용한 중증 장애인용 환경제어장치 시스템 개발

김다혜(Da-Hey Kim),안광옥(Kwang-Ok An),김종배(Jong-Bea Kim) 대한전기학회 2011 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.7

성인에서 발생한 대장의 분절형 저신경절증

김상균 ( Sang Kyoon Kim ),유창우 ( Chang Woo You ),권혁진 ( Hyeok Jin Kwon ),정혜진 ( Hey Jin Jeong ),김성훈 ( Seong Hun Kim ),김인희 ( In Hee Kim ),이승옥 ( Seung Ok Lee ),이민로 ( Min Ro Lee ),장규윤 ( Kyu Yun Jang ),김상욱 ( Sa 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2006 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.12 No.2

Colonic hypoganglionosis is one variant of the colonic ganglion cell disorders. It is characterized histologically by a small number of ganglion cells in the intestinal myenteric plexuses and it`s characterized functionally by severely impaired gut motility. Most cases reported in the literature have occurred relatively late in childhood, and they usually involve mild constipation. In our case, the patient had a megacolon with severe constipation. He had had repeated admissions due to chronic constipation and abdominal distention. Conservative management failed to relieve those symptoms, and so subtotal colectomy was undergone. The patient recovered normal bowel habits in five months after his operation. (Kor J Neuro-gastroenterol Motil 2006;12:161-165)

Disorders of Small and Large Intestine : A Rare Case Of Undifferentiated Carcinoma Of The Rectum

( Yu Jeong Hwang ),( Seung Ok Lee ),( Su Jin Oh ),( Seung Ryong Lee ),( Hey Jin Jeong ),( Seong Hun Kim ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sang Wook Kim ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Dae Ghon Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Introduction: Carcinoma of the colon and rectum are rare in children and under the age of 40 years. Most carcinoma of the colon and rectum are mucinous adenocarcinoma. However we experience a case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the rectum. So, we report such a rare case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the rectum in a 13-year-old girl. Case: An 13-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal pain for 1 month. She visited primary care 1 month ago because of abdominal pain and was diagnosed acute appendicitis. So, she was performed appendectomy. But she has persistent abdominal pain and fever after appendectomy. Palpation revealed direct tenderness on left upper quadrant at admission. The laboratory tests showed leukocytosis (11.2×10(3)/ μL) and elevation of CA125 (52.4 U/mL). Abdominal CT scan revealed mind rectal wall thickening and small enlargements of several perirectal lymph nodes. Pelvic cavity MRI showed same findings. Sigmoidoscopy revealed large ulcerative mass in mid rectum (10 cm from anal verge). We could not passed upper rectum due to mass. We performed biopsy at the ulcerative mass and it revealed undifferentiated tumor, most likely sarcoma, but not confirmed. We performed an ultra lower anterior resection under impression of rectal malignancy. The tumor was 13×8.6 cm and gross finding showed a central necrosis and inflammatory exudates. Pathological findings showed the tumor consisted of large abnormal cells without gland formation and mucin production. The tumor invaded the subserosa. Immunohistochemical study showed positive in cytokeratin, CEA, vimentin and focal positive in CD99, EMA, however, desmin, S-100, C-kit, actin, CD34, CD56, CD30 and LCA were negative. Therefore, we diagnosed this case to be an undifferentiated carcinoma. Conclusion: We report such a rare case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the rectum in a child.

Infective Endocarditis in Active Crohn`s disease

( Chul Min An ),( Seong Hun Kim ),( Se In Kim ),( Hey Jin Jeong ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sang Wook Kim ),( Seung Ok Lee ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Dae Ghon Kim ) 대한내과학회 2005 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.69 No.10