최빈국 지역정부의 기후변화적응계획 수립을 위한 기술적 가이드라인 개발 연구

장훈 ( Hoon Chang ),송영일 ( Young-il Song ),심창섭,문지원,이명주 한국환경정책평가연구원 2016 기후환경정책연구 Vol.2016 No.-

전 세계적으로 기후변화가 가속화됨에 따라 이로 인한 영향과 피해가 더욱 심각해지고 있다. 선진국보다는 최빈국이 기후변화에 의한 위험에 더욱 취약함에 따라 유엔기후변화협약에서 는 최빈국을 대상으로 기후변화로 인한 피해 저감을 위하여 기후변화적응계획 수립을 권고하였다. 유엔개발계획, 유엔기후변화협약 등의 국제기구 혹은 몇몇 국가에서는 기후변화적응계획 수립 가이드라인을 마련하여 최빈국의 적응계획 수립을 지원하고 있으나 현재까지 적응계획의 수립은 저조한 상황이다. 2010년 COP16에서부터 기후변화적응계획 수립을 권고하였으나 48개 최빈국 중 현재까지 다섯 국가에서만 적응계획 수립을 완료하였다. 한편 유엔자본 개발기금5)에서는 최빈국 지자체의 기후변화적응 능력 향상을 위해 LoCAL 프로젝트를 추진하고 있으며, KEI는 국내에서의 기후변화적응계획 수립 노하우를 토대로 동 프로젝트에 기술적 측면의 지원을 하고 있다. 이러한 KEI 지원의 일환으로 본 연구에서는 최빈국 지역정부의 기후변화적응계획 수립을 위한 가이드라인을 개발하고 이를 최빈국 중 하나인 부탄에 적용하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 가이드라인의 세부적인 내용은 다음과 같다. 중앙정부뿐만 아니라 지자체에서도 활용 가능하도록 국내외 기후변화적응계획 수립 관련 가이드라인을 검토하여, 절차별 방법이나 특성을 파악하였다. 그리고 부탄 및 캄보디아와 같은 일부 최빈국을 방문하여 현지 조사를 통해 가이드라인의 개발 방향을 정립하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하고 있는 기후변화적응계획 수립의 절차는 국내 기초지자체의 계획 수립 절차를 참고하였고, 절차별 과학적인 평가 방법은 필요한 자료의 유무나 질을 고려하여 정성적 또는 정량적 측면의 방법을 총 8단계로 나누어 제안하였다. 지역의 일반 현황과 기후변화 현황을 분석하고, RCP 시나리오 기반의 기후변화 전망을 분석하여 향후 기온이나 강수량이 기후변화로 인해 어떻게 변화하는지 예측하는 방법을 제안하였다. 그리고 이해당사자를 대상으로 기후변화적응에 대한 니즈를 파악하여 우선적으로 고려해야 할 사항이 무엇인지 판단하고, 과거 구축된 자료를 바탕으로 기후변화로 인한 재해 및 영향이 무엇인지 분석하는 방안을 제안 하였다. 취약성 평가는 수행 여건에 따라 정량적, 정성적 방법으로 평가될 수 있으며, 리스크는 3회에 걸친 전문가 설문을 통해 정성적인 방법으로 분석하도록 하였다. 이와 같이 분석된 종합적인 평가 결과를 기존의 최빈국 개발사업(investment menu)과 비교하여 적응계획 이행을 위하여 우선적으로 추진해야 할 사업을 선정하고, 체계적인 평가 및 모니터링 전략을 구축하는 등 전반적인 적응계획 수립 및 이행에 걸친 방안을 제안하였다. Due to accelerated climate change, its impacts and devastations are increasing day by day. As developing countries are more vulnerable to climate change compared to developed countries, UNFCCC recommended the development of a climate change adaptation plan in order to reduce their exposure to risks derived by climate change. Since COP 16, 2010, developing countries were encouraged to establish National Adaptation Plans(NAPs). Including UNDP and UNFCCC, many organizations proposed guidelines to assist the development of NAPs. yet only 5 out of 49 countries have officially submitted them. Meanwhile, UNCDF has been supporting the developing countries to foster their climate change adaptation capacities through LoCAL projects, while the Korea Environment Institute(KEI) has been providing technical elements for the projects. In alignment to such activities, this research have employed the guideline for the formation of the adaptation plans for local governments in Bhutan as a pilot program. The guideline is comprised by the study of various climate change adaptation planning guidelines and its attributes of each procedures. As case studies, field missions were carried out in Bhutan and Cambodia to enhance the understanding of the research. In regards of the process on composing the National Adaptation Plans, this research referred to the Korean national adaptation plans of the local governments. In consideration of the availability and quality of statistical information, the scientific procedures has been comprised in eight qualitative and qualitative steps. Through the analysis of the region`s general circumstances, climatic factors and RCP based scenario examinations, this research presents how to estimate the shift of temperature and precipitation altered by climate change. Moreover it raises the necessity of the needs of climate change adaptation to be prioritized through stakeholders and added on to the accumulated data and reviewed in the aspects of climate change disasters. For the vulnerability assessment, depending on the circumstances, both qualitative and quantitative methods may be applied and the risk evaluation will be conducted by three stages of expert surveys. The outcome derived by such methodologies will be assessed with prior LDC investment menus and considered when selecting the priority projects for initiating the adaptation plans.

Characterization of cricket song patterns and the behavior observation of Teleogryllus emma (Orthoptera:Grylloidea)

Ji Chang Woo,Kim Nam-Jung,Lee Sang-Guei,Hwang-Yong Kim,Choi Hoon-Sik,Song In-Sun,Ko Jee Sun 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

We analyzed the chirp sound and behavior of Teleogryllus emma with observation system, which was consisted of computer, ccd-camera and microphone. Computational methods of wavelet transformation and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) were utilized to characterized the chirp sound of insect species for automatic counting in this study. Wavelets were initially applied to feature extraction of the chirp sound. Wavelet coefficients were accordingly calculated based on the basis function (e.g., Morlet). The obtained coefficients were subsequently provided to count number of chirps in each song. Sound structure of insect specimens consisted with long chirp and short chirp and the patterns of song were grouped by frequency of long chirp and short chirp. The song patterns of insect specimens were divided by Self-Organizing Map (SOM) that was used number of chirp as input data. Application of computational methods to automatic detection of chirp sound was further discussed for obtaining objective assessment in behavior science.

Which Environmental Factors Caused Lammas Shoot Growth of Korean Red Pine?

Lee, Chang-Seok,Song, Hye-Gyung,Kim, Hye-Soo,Lee, Bit-Na-Ra,Pi, Jeong-Hoon,Cho, Yong-Chan,Seol, Eun-Sil,Oh, Woo-Seok,Park, Sung-Ae,Lee, Seon-Mi The Ecological Society of Korea 2007 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.30 No.1

Lammas growth, a rare phenomenon for Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora), occurred in 2006. Lammas shoots showed higher frequency and longer length in Seoul's hotter urban center than in urban boundary or suburban forest sites. Frequency and length showed a close correlation with urbanization density and vegetation cover expressed in NDVI. Air temperature in the late summer of 2006 was more than $1^{\circ}C$ higher than an average year. Of the predominant environmental signals that modulate bud flush, only temperature changed significantly during the year. Differences in temperature between the urban centers, urban boundaries and suburban forests correlated with varying land-use density. The rise in temperature likely spurred lammas growth of the Korean red pine. Symptoms of climate change are being detected throughout the world, and its consequences will be clearer in the future. Considerate interest in the responses of ecological systems to the variable changes is required to prepare for unforeseeable crises. Monitoring of diverse ecological phenomena at Long Term Ecological Research sites could offer harbingers of change.

한국인 A 형 간염 환자에서 A 형 간염 바이러스의 유전자형에 관한 연구

권오상,송기준,박상훈,송진원,김재선,김종헌,변관수,이창홍,연종은,백락주,박영태 대한간학회 2000 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.6 No.3

$quot;목적: 한국에서 과거 A형 간염은 낙후된 개인위생 및 자연환경으로 유소아기에 불현성 감염으로 앓고 지나가게 되어 청소년 및 성인에서 HAV에 대한 항체 보유율이 매우 높고 성인에서의 급성 A형 간염은 매우 드물게 보고되었다. 그러나 고도의 경제성장과 더불어 식생활, 위생상태의 개선, 상하수도의 보급 등으로 유소아기의 A형 간염 이환율이 현격히 감소하면서 청소년 및 성인에서 HAV 항체가 없는 인구집단 즉 HAV에 감염되면 현증 간염이 발생할 수 있는 인구 집단이 증가되어 최근 수 년 사이에 현증 A형 간염이 폭발적으로 증가하게 되었다. 이에 저자는 HAV의 유전자형을 알아보고 이미 보고된 각국의 HAV와 연관성을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상과 방법: 1994년부터 1998년까지 한국에서 산발적으로 발생한 18예의 A형 간염 환자의 혈청에서 HAV RNA를 추출, 역전사-중화효소 연쇄반응법(RT-PCR)으로 증폭하여 직접 염기서열의 분석을 통해 국내 HAV 사이에 염기서열, 아미노산의 차이 등을 알아보고 세계 각국에서 보고되었던 HAV 분리주들과 비교하였다. 결과: HAV 게놈의 특정부위인 VP1/2A 연결부위 168 bp 길이에서 시행한 염기서열 분석 결과 한국에서 분리된 18예의 HA이러스는 최근 해외에서 유입된 바이러스일 가능성은 적으며 따라서 장기간 국내에서 토착화된 바이러스일 것으로 생각된다. $quot;Background/Aims: Studies of genotypes and changes in nucleotide and amino acid sequences of hepatitis A virus (HAV) may provide valuable information on the epidemiological aspects of a particular region. In Korea the prevalence of anti-HAV in the 1 - 20 year age group declined from 60% in 1980 to 9% in 1995. As a result this age group has a high risk of HAV infection. Actually over 1,500 cases of clinically overt hepatitis A occurred in 1998 while few cases of clinical hepatitis A had been reported until the early 1990s. The aims of this study are to determine the genotypes of HAV which have been circulating in Korea and to define the phylogenetic relationships of geographically defined isolates. Method: From 1994 - 1998 a total of 18 serum specimens was obtained from patients in Korea with sporadic form acute hepatitis A. The HAV nucleic acid from serum specimens was subjected to genomic sequence analysis following viral RNA extraction, reverse transcription and amplification of the cDNA by PCR. DNA sequencing was performed in both directions of each PCR product. Results: All isolates clustered within the subgenotype IA irrespective of the geographic locations and timing of the clinical hepatitis. Among 18 Korean isolates, 9 isolates had 2 amino acid sequence changes and 2 isolates had 1 amino acid sequence change. These changes in the amino acid sequences are unique and have never been reported in HAV subgenotype IA. Conclusions: All isolated HAV had genotype (IA). Eleven of 18 isolates had unique changes in amino acid sequences. These data indicate that the endemic HAV has been circulating in Korea over a long period of time.

비부비동 반전성 유두종의 전산화 단층촬영상과 자기공명영상의 분석

배창훈 ( Chang Hoon Bai ),서영중 ( Young Jung Seo ),이석춘 ( Seok Choon Lee ),천승민 ( Seung Min Chen ),백운회 ( Un Hoi Baek ),정은채 ( Eun Chae Jung ),송시연 ( Si Youn Song ),김용대 ( Yong Dae Kim ) 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2005 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to evaluate the degree of sinus involvement in cases of inverted papilloma (IP). However, CT cannot differentiate tumor from adjacent inflammatory mucosa or retained secretions. By contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported to be useful in distinguishing IP from paranasal sinusitis. This study investigated whether preoperative assessment with MRI and CT accurately predict the extent of IP.1) Materials and methods: CT and MRI were retrospectively reviewed in 9 cases of IP. Patients were categorized into stages based on CT and MRI findings, according to the staging system proposed by Krouse. The involvement of IP in each sinus was also assessed. Results: Differentiation of IP from inflammatory disease may be more successful in routine cases where the inflammatory mucosa has low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. CT imaging could not differentiate tumor from adjacent inflammatory mucosa or retained secretions. Conclusion: Preoperative MRI of IP can predict the location and extent of the tumor involvement in the paranasal sinuses and sometimes predicts malignant changes.

단치소요산(丹梔逍遙散) 약침(藥鍼)의 소염(消炎), 진통(鎭痛) 및 해열(解熱) 효과(效果)에 대한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究)

이창훈 ( Chang-hoon Lee ),장준복 ( Jun-bock Jang ),이경섭 ( Kyung-sub Lee ),송병기 ( Byoung-key Song ) 대한한방부인과학회 2001 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.14 No.3

Objective - Experimental trials on Danchisoyo-San solution were made before. This trial is to examine the effects of Danchisoyo-San Aqua-acupuncture as an analgesic, antiphlogistic and antifebrile. Methods - Danchisoyo-San was, through evaporation, made into extract. The extract concentration was 210mg/kg, calculated in terms of raw material, and diluted with saline solution when necessary. Extract was injected into Gi-Mun, LR14. This trial involved for groups: a control group injected with saline solution, Sample-A group and Sample-B group with extract of 105mg/kg and 210mg/kg concentration, respectively, and the fourth group with comparative treatment. The effects as an analgesic, antiphlogistic and antifebrile were examined. Conclusion 1) In acute edema, the Danchisoyo-San Aqua-acupuncture groups showed reliable results in inhibiting Carrageenin-caused edema. 2) In histamine-caused vascular permeability increase, only the group of Danchisoyo-San extract of 210mg/kg showed reliable results in inhibiting the increase. 3) Analgesic effects of Danchisoyo-San Aqua-acupuncture, through writhing syndrome induced acetic acid and Hat Plate Analgesia Meter, proved to be reliable both in Sample-A and Sanple-B group and the effects especially through writhing syndrome induced acetic acid , proved to be more reliable in the latter group than in the former 4) Regarding the effects of Pentobarbital-Na on lengthening of sleeping hours and voluntary mobility, only the Danchisoyo-San Aqua-acupuncture groups showed reliable changes. 5) In body temperature, both Sample-A and Sample-B group showed no reliable change.

일측 폐이식 성견에서 혈역학과 체액조절 호르몬의 상관관계

서강석,박창권,송대규,배재훈,박원균 啓明大學校 醫科大學 2002 계명의대학술지 Vol.21 No.1

폐이식에 의한 체액이나 혈압의 변동 및 신경의 절단은 혈압 및 체액의 조절에 관여하는 호르몬의 분비에 영향을 미치리라 생각되어 좌일측 폐이식 시 이식폐에 분포하는 신경이 절단된 상태에서 폐이식 후 수용견의 혈역학적 변동이 ANP 및 ADH의 분비와 어떠한 상관관계가 있는지를 관찰하였다. 한국산 성견 12마리를 대상으로 좌일측 폐이식을 시행하였다. 공여폐의 보존은 low potassium dextrane glucose용액을 이용하여 10℃에서 20시간동안 보존한 다음 수용견에 이식하였다. 수용견의 좌측 폐를 적출하기 전과 후, 그리고 이식 후 재관류 30분, 2시간 후에 각각 혈역학 및 동맥혈 가스분압을 측정하였고, 동맥혈에서 ANP 및 ADH의 농도를 측정하였다. 동맥혈의 P_(O_2) 및 P_(CO_2)는 유의한 변동은 없었다. 대퇴동맥압을 재관류 후 30분에는 유의하게 감소하였고, 재관류 2시간 후에는 다소 회복세를 보이는 경향이었으며, 맥압은 비교적 유지되었다. 폐동맥압은 좌측폐 절제 시 이완기 폐동맥압은 변동이 없는 반면에 수축기 폐동맥압은 증가하였고, 재관류 시 폐동맥압은 어느 정도 회복되는 양상이었다. 심박출량은 좌측 폐절제 후에는 감소하였으며 재관류후에도 낮게 유지되는 양상이었다. 반면에 심박수는 유의한 변화없이 유지되었다. 전신혈관저항 및 폐혈관저항은 좌측 폐절제 후나 재관류 30분에 증가하였으며, 재관류 2시간 후 폐혈관저항은 회복되는 양상이나 전신혈관저항은 회복되지 못하였다. 혈중 ANP는 일측 폐절제 후 증가하였고, 재관류 후에는 점차 회복되는 양상을 보였고, ADH는 일측 폐절제 후, 30분에 증가한 후 회복되는 양상을 보였다. 동맥혈 ANP의 변동은 동맥혈 P_(O_2)및 P_(CO_2)와 상관관계를 보였고, ADH는 전신 동맥압의 변동과 상관관계가 있었다. 이상의 결과로 좌일측 폐이식 시에도 ANP 및 ADH는 혈역학적 변화와 연관하여 동맥압 및 체액의 조절에 생리적으로 관여하는 것으로 사료되며, ANP의 분비는 동맥혈의 저산소증 그리고 ADH의 분비는 동맥의 압수용기를 통한 신경성 조절의 영향을 받을 수 있는 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this investigation was to study changes of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in Korean mongrel dogs after a left single lung transplantation and to evaluate the correlation between hemodynamic factors and secretory responses of ANP and ADH. Arterial P_(O_2 and P_(CO_2) did not change significantly. Femoral arterial pressure decreased after 30 min of reperfusion and recovered slightly at 120 min, whereas pulse pressure did not change. After pneumonectomy, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure increased, whereas diastolic pulmonary pressure remained unchanged. Althought cardiac output fell following pneumonectomy and reperfusion, heart rate was unchanged. The secretion of plasma ANP initially increased follwoing pneumonectomy, but subsequently recoverd. In each subject, ANP values showed stronger correlation with arterial P_(O_2) than other hemodynamic parameters. The secretion of plasma ADH also initially increased (p<0.05) after 30 min of reperfusion and thereafter recoverd, showing the strongest correlation with mean femoral arterial pressure. The present results suggest that the secretion of ANP and ADH seem to be well regulated in accordance with hemodynamic changes after a single lung transplantation. Hypoxia and systemic arterial pressure are the prominent factors in the secretion of ANP and ADH, respectively.

Structure and Property Modification of Bimodal Molecular Weight Distribution Polyethylene by Electron Beam Irradiation

Lee, Sang-Man,Jeon, Hye-Jin,Choi, Sun-Woong,Song, Hyun-Hoon,Nho, Young-Chang,Cho, Kyu-Cheol The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.6

Polyethylene of bimodal molecular weight distribution was irradiated with an electron beam. The thermal and mechanical properties were examined by DSC, small and wide angle X-ray scattering and static tensile test according to the crystal morphology of the irradiated samples. The crystal morphology change upon irradiation, as revealed by wide angle X-ray scattering, correlated well with the changes in melting enthalpy, whereas the lamellar thickness and the amorphous gap thickness remained virtually unchanged at irradiation doses up to 500 kGy. Crosslinks in the crystal domains became evident at an energy level of 250 kGy, resulting in reduced crystallinity and crystal size of the (110) and (200) planes. The samples became stiff and brittle with increased irradiation dose, which seem to be more relevant to the amount of cross links than the crystal morphology changes.

상백피봉약침요법(桑白皮蜂藥鍼療法)을 포함한 한방치료(韓方治療)로 증상(症狀)은 소실(消失)되었으나 CT추적관찰상(追跡觀察上) 변화(變化)가 없는 요추(腰椎) 추간판(椎間板) 탈출증(脫出症) 1예(例)

이병훈,김철홍,서정철,윤현민,송춘호,안창범,장경전,Lee, Byung-Hoon,Kim, Cheol-Hong,Seo, Jung-Chul,Youn, Hyoun-Min,Song, Choon-Ho,Ahn, Chang-Beohm,Jang, Kyung-Jeon 대한약침학회 2001 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.4 No.2

By process of treatment for a case which diagnosed as HNP of left posterolateral aspect of L4/5 disc and treated from the 10th, May 2001 to the 23rd, Jun 2001, the results are as follows. Method & Results : This patient was medicated Hwallaktang-gami, taken acupuncture, phototherapy, TENS, electric acupuncture, exercises, Mori Cortex-bee venom acupuncture. As a result, the patient's clinical symptom were improved but a computed tomagraphy confirmed L4/5 and L5/S1 HNP was not changed as seen on repeated CT scanning. Conclusion : These results suggest that among conservative therapies the oriental medical treatments including Mori Cortex-bee venom acupuncture improve clinical symptom effectively. But in this case, the structure of herniated disc was not changed.

상피성 암세포주에 대한 녹차 Catechin의 효과

박정현(Jeong Hyun Park),김대중(Dae Joong Kim),한장희(Jang Hee Hahn),김홍태(Hong Tae Kim),정용욱(Yong Wook Jung),성훈기(Hoon Ki Sung),김주영(Joo Young Kim),송인환(In Hwan Song),성언기(Eon Gi Sung),이융창(Yung Chang Lee) 대한해부학회 2001 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.34 No.5

Catechin은 녹차에서 추출되는 폴리페놀의 주요성분으로 고혈압 및 동맥경화의 예방효과, 당뇨억제효과, 항산화작용, 항암작용 등에 직접 관여하는 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 태평양에서 제공받은 녹차 catechin을 이용하여 상피성 암세포주인 A549 (폐암)와 EATC (복수암)세포에 투여한 후 처리농도와 시간에 따른 변화를 비교, 관찰함으로써 녹차의 효과와 작용기전을 밝혀내는데 목적이 있었다. 본실험은 A549 세포와 EATC 세포를 배양한 후 녹차 catechin을 1, 10, 100, 500 μg/ml의 농도로 48시간 동안 처리하였고, 광학현미경, 공초점현미경, 전자현미경 등을 이용하여 세포의 구조적 변화를 확인하였으며 MTT분석, 전기영동, 유세포분석기 등을 사용하여 세포 손상정도를 파악하였다. A549 세포에서는 catechin 1 μg/ml와 10 μg/ml 농도에서는 대조군에 비하여 큰 변화를 관찰할 수 없었다. 100 μg/ml catechin을 처리하였을 때 세포내의 검은 과립들의 수가 증가하였고 층판소체의 손상이 나타났다. 세포주기의 장애가 나타나 DNA 합성전기에 있는 세포들의 수가 급격히 증가하였다. 500 μg/ml 농도에서는 층판소체와 사립체의 파괴가 심하게 나타났으며 세포생존율이 감소하였고 세포주기의 장애도 관찰되었다. EATC 세포에서는 catechin의 농도가 A549 세포의 경우보다 낮은 농도에서도 세포증식 억제 및 세포손상 효과가 나타났다. 10 μg/ml 농도에서도 세포의 위축과 생존율의 감소가 일어났으며 전기영동상에 괴사되는 세포들이 파악되었다. 100μg/ml catechin을 처리하였을 때 자연사의 형태학적 관찰, 전기영동, 유세포분석 등에서 자연사 과정에 있는 세포들이 많이 나타났다. 결과적으로 녹차 catechin을 배양한 상피성 암세포에 투여함으로서 세포의 생존율과 증식이 억제되었고 그 과정에서 괴사, 자연사, 세포주기의 장애 등이 관여하는 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 일련의 세포손상과정을 유도하는 데 있어 세포의 종류, 처리 시간, 농도에 따라 다소 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. Catechin is main component of polyphenol extracts from green tea, it is associated with prevention of hypertension and atherosclerosis, anti-diabetic effect, antioxidant, antitumor. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect and its mechanism of green tea catechin on epithelial cancer cell lines in various concentrations and durations. For this study, epithelial cancer cell lines, A549 (lung cancer), EATC (Ehrlich-Lettre ascites tumor cell) were used. Inverted, light, confocal and electron microscopes were applied to find morphological changes. MTT assay, flowcytometric analysis, gel electrophoresis were used to compare severity of cellular damages to control after exposure to 1, 10, 100 and 500 μg/ml catechin for 48 hours. In the A549 cells, after 1 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml catechin treatments, there was no notable changes. However, exposure to 100 μg/ml catechin induced increase of cytoplasmic granules, destruction of lamellar body, inhibition of cell cycle, especially G0/G1. In the early phase of 500 μg/ml catechin administration, decrease of cell population, severe destruction of lamellar bodies and mitochondria, derangement of cell cycle were shown. In the EATC, such as those effects occurred after exposure to lower concentration of catechin than in that of A549 cells. After exposure of 10 μg/ml catechin, rounded-up cells and necrotic cells were found. Whereas, most of cells were under apoptotic changes-cytoplasmic condensation, nuclear fragmentation, cellular shrinkage, ladder pattern in the electrophoresis, when administrated 100 μg/ml catechin. These results suggested that exposure of catechin induced severe cellular damage and growth inhibition in dose- and time-dependent manner. And we confirmed that these effects of catechin were involved with apoptosis, necrosis and cell cycle arrest and were quite different according to cancer type. Therefore, much more research would be demanded before clinical application of catechin to human cancer therapy and this study would be the basic source for further study of green tea.