하이퍼큐브 멀티컴퓨터에서 상호 배제를 위한 효율적인 정보 구조

배인한,하숙정 대구효성카톨릭대학교 1997 연구논문집 Vol.56 No.2

Distributed mutual exclusion algorithms have employed two approaches to achieve mutual exclusion and can be divided into two broad classes: token-based and permission-based. Token-based algorithms share a unique token among the hodes and a node is allowed to access its common resources ir it possesses the token. Permission-based algorithms require one or more successive rounds of message exchanges among the nodes to obtain the permission for accessing the common resources. A hypercube architecture has earned wide acceptance in multicomputer systems in the past few years because of its simple, but rich topology. Accordingly, we study distributed permission-based mutual exclusion algorithms for hypercubes, and design a distributed permission-based mutual exclusion uses a new information structure by request set. The new information structure is composed of a subset of lower-triangle configuration form a logical mesh that is embedded into a hypercube. If a node wants to access the common resources, it sends a request message to all nodes in the request set by Lan's multicast algorithm. Once the node receives a grant message from all nodes in the request set, it accesses the common resource. We evaluate our algorithm with respect to minimum round-trip delay, blocking delay, and the number of messages per access to the commom resource.

Zeolite 混合洗劑의 洗滌性에 영향을 주는 諸要因

裵玄淑,柳淑姬 國立昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.3 No.-

In order to investigate the detergency characteristics of zeolite-contained detergent, it was estimated the zeolite concentrations, hardnenss, soil composition, surfactants, pH, cation types and electrolytes. The detergency of zeolite-contained detergent increased according to the increase of zeolite concentration. Above 200ppm of hardness, it was unaffected by zeolite concentration. And the effect of counter-ion in detergent solution with zeolite on detergency was shown differently in natural soiled cloth and artificial soiled cloth. Incase of the soiled cloth using carbon black or iron oxide black as a particulate soil, the detergency of carbon black was better than that of iron oxide black. The exchanging capacity of A-type zeolite for ??? ion was better than that Of ??? ion.

한국 여성사 정립을 위한 여성인물 유형연구 Ⅳ : 1945년~1948년 The Period of United States Military Government

이배용,김정선,이승희,김점숙,김수자 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원 1996 여성학논집 Vol.13 No.-

The target period of this study was the "Period of United States Military Government". This was the brief period from the declaration of military government by the U.S. Force stationed in the southern part of the Korean peninsula, with tile unconditional surrender of the Imperial Japanese Army until the establishment of the Republic of Korea as an independent entity on August 15, 1948. Despite its brevity, this period has been recognized as important, during which basic frameworks of capitalist economy and national authority were founded. This study explores women's lives and activities during the period and examines how the period restricted and reflected women's lives and activities. The content of the study is summarized as follows: The major trends that are significant during the period for women are: the expansion of education and acquiring of franchise by women. These were not a result of the women's movement, but of the policy of the US military government that claimed to establish and preserve "democratic order". The crucial problem at the time was, how women should utilize the given opportunities. Under the US military government, which advocated a liberal-democratic system, many changes were generated in consciousness along with changes in life style and other patterns. In particular, "equal lights between men and women" was thought of as a public value. Therefore the realization of "equal rights" was considered as a prerequisite for democratic order. In other words, the period was recognized as one of women's liberation from oppressive bonds, coinciding with liberation from Japanese Imperial Rule. In this period, western liberal culture was rapidly influencing South Korea and women's consciousness was thus also changed. Under these influences, a new image was emerging and making an impact on family structure. This was the image of progressive couples, wherein attempts were made to promote a new relationship of understanding and love between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law who had traditionally been in conflict in the pre-modern family. During this period women became very active participants in socia1 spheres. In politics, women's activities in creating a nation state wet¡¤e significant. This was evident in the work of organizations in the women's movement. Their activities, however, were restricted by conflict between right and left wing political groups who were in acute confrontation with each other over the issue of deciding on a future direction for a new Korean nation state. This inevitably led to women's organizations focusing their energies on the establishment of the nation state, the hot issue of the period, and consequently, they abandoned the specific goals of the women's movement. In the meantime women who had obtained the right to vote could become the subjects as well as the objects of national politics, for instance, women took an active part in policy-making and there were 18 women candidates in the May 10th election under the military government. However, there were several harriers in women's be coming active agents in politics, for example, traditional concepts of "politics is a man's Job", a distrust of women's abilities and so on. The May 10th election was a memorable moment, when women used their votes for the first time in Korea and realized the aforementioned problems once again. While women failed to advance to the forefront of politics, yet this was a good opportunity for them to grapple with ways and means for reducing the barriers hindering women's political participation, while they Critically reviewed their past activities. In economic sectors, women were active participants. The change in their economic situation during the period was two-fold and can be characterized as follows: First, there was a quantitative increase of women workers, as till then occupations open to women had been limited for a few "new (modern) women" and subsequently became open to the general (ordinary) women. Second, women's employment opportunities were extended to include what were traditionally "men's occupations". In particular, women's participation in professional jobs was enlarged. This was closely linked to the expansion of educational opportunities, which in turn, accelerated their economic participation. Women's greater social participation was, however, only possible on the condition that they do not perform their new roles at the expense of their familial duties. In the circumstances, the traditional notion of "women's place is at home" was not over come ; household chores and child rearing were still women's burden. These were recognized as factors crucial for enhancing women's social activities, and various attempts were made to solve the problem at societal levels, but not in personal or private spheres. Thus these were limited and remained ineffective. In conclusion, the period of US military government in Korea encouraged women to improve their status and change their roles within the new social environment of Liberation and the influx of western culture. This can also to called transitional period, during which traditional patriarchal ideology still dominated over women's life. Although women's enhanced social participation was understood as a "new direction of social progress", it had to be compatible with family life and the ideology of "hyon-mo yang-ch'o" (wise mother and good wife). The latter ideology was maintained as defining the image of the good woman. Thus the period of US military government can be depicted as one of transition, in which traditional values about women altered and new ones emerged.

여성빈곤의 실태와 극복방안 : 도시 저소득층 여성을 중심으로 With Special Reference to Underprivileged Women in Urban Areas

이배용,박진숙,황은자,정현숙,이제진 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원 1996 여성학논집 Vol.13 No.-

Since the 1960's, the rapid industrialization of Korea has been propelled full-scale by a handful of big business groups and effort- oriented trade, which has resulted in external and quantitative economic growth, but has also produced problems of poverty arising out of the unequal distribution of wealth. Industrialization led to impoverishment in rural areas and stimulated migration by the rural population to urban areas, who were marginalized, excluded from public sectors of labor market and led lives of poverty. In this context, a number of young Korean women were employed in the industrial sector as low waged and unskilled laborers to support their families. Women workers from poor families had to participate in economic activities from their youth in order to avoid "absolute poverty" and they grew up with economic, cultural, and educational limitations. After marriage, they still played crucial roles to maintain their poor families by taking charge of whole family subsistence, and/or trying to generate family income through part- time jobs. However, up to the present, academic concerns as well as governmental support for the underprivileged women have been limited. This study was started with this critical factor of women's rote in urban poor families in mind. It examines the women's conditions and how they can actively overcome their poverty, so as to lead qualitatively better lives, particularly through organizational activities. This paper, in the first place, surveys theories and research results on issues of poverty and various anti- poverty measures adopted by foreign countries such as U.K., USA, Germany, Japan, Taiwan and Singapore. Issues such as "feminization of poverty" and the "culture of poverty" are also discussed. Furthermore, existing research on poverty, including women's poverty in Korea, were examined to identify problems which have not been conceptualized so far. Genera1 living conditions of the poor were surveyed with emphasis on their unstable living conditions. Socio- economic and sexual discrimination were discussed in connection with the lives of underprivilged women. Alternatives were sought to solve the poverty problem. Women's organizations that have spontaneously formed in underprivileged areas and their communal economic activities were examined. The latter especially have turned out to be rewarding for those women who have only limited economic opportunities. It was not only helpful to them to generate income for their families, but also to realize the value of their labor, while having the pleasant experience of working together. Futhermore, through organizational activities, their communal consciousness and self-consciousness as women was promoted and their familial relationships were also altered for the better. Women could thus acquire self-confidence and become psychologically self-reliant members of their organization. These results show us tha4 women's organizations, especially those established in poor areas, are significant for the members, because they work as self-help groups preventing them from falling into pauperism in a situation where a relevant social welfare system is absent. Lastly, vocational traiillng programs and the rehabilitation funding system were examined and alternatives for re-vitalizing communal activities for women's organizations in poor communities were suggested as follows : Firstly, various communal economic activities, based on diverse aspects of women's lives, are needed. In doing so, Government should endeavor to construct a network between underprivileged women's organizations including their communal economic activity groups and "small and poor enterprises" which may employ them as well as provide workplaces for their communal activities. Also financial support by the Government, such as a rehabilitation fund which will be crucial for successfully implementing their small scale communal economic activities and/or loans in the long-term. Secondly, established vocational training programs should be reinforced. In order that vocational training programs may be functioned as an effective system of supporting the self-help groups of underprivileged women, more training programs should be developed and provided, based on an understanding of their lives and desires. In addition, for stimulating their positive/active participation in these programs, the following factors should be taken into account, i.e., educational/training programs should be held at welfare centers or women's centers located near their homes; development of programs for practical training and follow-up is needed; extension of child-care facilities for trainees; and group training programs for community women's organizations are also required. Thirdly, women living in underprivileged communities have psychological problems such as self-centeredness, heteronomy, and lack of communal consciousness, owing to their experionces in a distorted life, which sometimes hamper their communal economic activities. Accordingly, educational support to promote and encourage their communal consciousness and collective autonomy, as well as physical support, is essential. However, these inputs should be based on a deep understanding of the lives of underprivileged women, so that the policies are fruitful and rewarding. Therefore long-term plans, with the establishment of supportive agencies, involving community activists who share their lives with poor women over a long time, are required for solving these problems and eliminating women's poverty.

시금치(Spinacia oleracea L.)엽록체의 광합성 전자전달 활성에 미치는 linolenic acid의 영향

鄭華淑,鄭培善 慶北大學校 師範大學 1990 敎育硏究誌 Vol.32 No.-

The effect of unsaturated fatty acids on photosynthetic electron transport reaction in isolated choroplasts is investigated to clarify the changes of PS Ⅱ and PS Ⅰ electron transport rates, Chl. a fluorescence intensity, and photosynthetic oxygen evolution. In photosystem Ⅰ, an increase in the electron transport rates occurs in the presence of 10 to 80 μM linolenic acid, followed by a decline in rate from 100 to 300 μM linolenic acid. In photosystem Ⅱ, a decrease in the electron transport rates occurs in the presence of 10 to 20 μM linolenic acid. The efficiency of C_18 unsaturated fatty acids/linolenic (C_(18:3)). linoleic(C_(18:2)) oleic(C_(18:1)) on PS Ⅱ and PS Ⅰ electron transport rates is established in order C_(18:3)>C_(18:2)>C_(18:1) At a low concentration(10-80 μM) of linolenic acid a decrease in Chl. a fluorescence yield was due mostly to the inhibition on the donor side of PS Ⅱ. At a high concentration (100-300 μM), an increase in Chl. a fluorescence yield was due additionally to the inhibition on the acceptor side of PS Ⅱ.

다발성 말초신경증이 동반된 불명열로 발현한 혈관내 림프종증

박병배,김갑현,손준성,기현균,정숙인,오원섭,백경란,정철원,송재훈,고영혜 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

불명열의 원인에는 감염, 신생물, 교원섬유혈관질환 등의 여러 가지 질환이 속한다. 불명열 환자를 접하게 되면 그 원인을 밝히기 위한 검사를 시행하게 되는데, 수많은 검사를 시행하고도 그 원인 질환이 진단 안 되는 경우가 5-15% 정도 된다. 불명열의 원인으로서 이전까지 진단이 어려웠던 농양이나 종양은 현대의 방사선적 영상기술 발달로 조기 진단이 가능하게 되었지만, 악성 혈액질환처럼 종괴를 형성하지 않는 질환들의 정확하고 신속한 진단은 여전히 어려운 실정이다. 혈관내림프종증은 림프절 병변을 거의 형성하지 않기 때문에 진단이 매우 어려운 질환이다. 병의 경과가 빨리 진행하여 예후가 좋지 않으므로 신속한 진단이 절실히 요구되는 질환이다. 저자들은 말초신경증이 동반된 불명열을 주소로 내원한 환자에서 흉강내시경 폐생검을 시행하여 혈관내림프종증을 조기 진단할 수 있었기에 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고 하는 바이다. Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is caused by infections (30-40%), neoplasms (20-30%), collagen vascular diseases (10-20%), and numerous miscellaneous diseases (15-20%). The literatures also reveal that 5-15% of FUO cases defy diagnosis, despite extensive studies. Diagnostic advances continuously modify the spectrum of FUO-causing diseases. Modern imaging techniques (e.g., ultrasound, CT scan, MRI) enable early detection of abscesses and solid tumors that used to be difficult to diagnose. But the correct diagnosis can be delayed because the tumor, such as rare hematologic malignancy, is difficult to be detected by various imaging studies. Intravascular lymphomatosis (IVL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and generally fatal disease characterized by extensive proliferation of neoplastic mononuclear cells within the lumina of blood vessels. The prognosis is usually extremely poor, with rapid death despite chemotherapy. The diagnosis is most frequently made after biopsy of skin or brain but is often established post mortem. Most patients with IVL present with FUO and nonspecific cutaneous and neurologic manifestations. Peripheral nerve system or pulmonary involvements are not common as initial menifestations. We report a case of intravascular lymphomatosis, presenting as FUO with peripheral polyneuropathy. We made early diagnosis of IVL by video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy. She is improving with good performance after the 4th cycle of chemotherapy till now.

각종 간 병변에 대한 양전자 방출 단층촬영(PET) 영상 소견 분석

손현배,한철주,김병일,김진,정숙향,김유철,이진오,최창운,임상무 대한간학회 2002 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.8 No.4

목적: PET은 세포의 대사를 반영하는 기능적 영상기법으로서 각종 간 병변이 PET에 어떤 영상으로 나타나며, 간 종양의 진단 및 치료에 어떻게 활용될 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 간세포암 34예, 담관세포암 8예, 간 내 전이암 25예, 간 혈관종 6예, 간 농양 7예를 대상으로 PET 영상을 얻어 SUV 및 병변과 주변 조직의 SUV 비를 조사하였다. 각각의 질환에 대해 SUV, SUV 비의 평균치 및 SUV 비의 분포를 비교하였다. 결과: 담관 세포암과 전이암은 높은 SUV를 보이며, 거의 대부분 PET에서 선명하게 나타나며, 100%의 예민도를 보였다. 간세포암도 비교적 높은 SUV를 보이나 일부는 PET에서 뚜렷이 나타나지 않으며 59%의 예민도를 보였다. 혈관종은 PET에서 뚜렷이 나타나지 않는 반면, 간 농양은 뚜렷한 영상으로 나타나 100%의 예민도를 보였다. 결론: PET은 간에 발생 하는 각종 병변의 진단 및 감별에 제한적이기는 하나 활용 가능성이 있으며, PET에 선명한 영상을 보이는 일부 종양에 대해 병기 판정, 재발 발견, 치료 반응 평가 등의 목적에 활용될 가능성이 있는 것으로 기대된다. Background/Aims: [18F]FDG-PET is a functional imaging modality reflecting cellular glucose metabolism. In most malignant cells, accumulation and trapping of [18F]FDG allows the visualization of increased uptake compared with normal cells. The aim of this study was to assess the value of PET in differentiating benign from malignant hepatic lesions and to determine in which types of hepatic tumors PET can help evaluate stage, monitor response to therapy, and detect recurrence. Methods: Eighty patients with liver lesions were enrolled (hepatocellular carcinoma 34, cholangiocarcinoma 8, metastatic liver cancer 25, hemangioma 6, liver abscess 7). Liver metastases were 22 adenocarcinoma, 2 lymphoma, 2 squamous cell carcinoma. The PET images of these patients were analyzed. SUV and lesion-to-normal liver background SUV ratio were obtained and compared among the disease groups. Results: All liver metastases and all cholangiocarcinomas had increased uptake value, with SUV ratios greater than 2. Hepatocellular carcinoma had SUV ratios greater than 2 in 20 of 34 patients (59%). All hemangiomas had poor uptake, a SUV ratio of less than 2. All liver abscesses showed definite uptake. Conclusions: The PET technique using FDG static imaging was useful in differentiating malignant from benign lesions of the liver in limited situations. Limitations included false negative results in some patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver abscesses raised problems in differential diagnosis from malignant liver tumors. The findings of this study suggest that the PET technique might be applied in tumor staging and the detection of recurrence, as well as monitoring responses to therapy for all adenocarcinomas and some hepatocelluar carcinomas.(Korean J Hepatol 2002;8:472-480)

독해력 향상을 위한 속독 훈련 방안과 효과

이준엽,김숙희,배경수 대구대학교 인문과학 예술문화연구소 2002 人文科學硏究 Vol.23 No.-

경기도 지역 정신보건 사업의 추진배경과 정책결정과정

이충순,윤배중,이주훈,이종국,고영,이영문,최향순,김혜숙 용인정신의학연구소 1997 용인정신의학보 Vol.4 No.2

와병노인과 보행 가능한 노인의 혈압 및 혈액성상에 관한 비교 연구

김순희,이숙희,배영숙 Yong-In University 2005 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to comparison of bood pressure and bood constituents between bed-ridden elderly and volunteer elderly. This subjects were volunteer elderly(10) and bed-ridden elderly(10) in female that was dwelled at elderly skilled nursing home in Incheon. The measured items were bood pressure, pulse, hemoglobin, hematocrit, Iymphocyte, MCV, MCH, MCHC, albumin, total protein, ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C. The result of assessment in blood pressure and hematologic test, chemlstry test, lipid battery between bed-ridden elderly and volunteer elderly were as follows : 1. The ratlo of systolic blood pressure is lower in bed-ridden elderly than volunteer elderly. There was found a statistical significance(p<0.01) in blood pressure between two group. 2. The ratio of Hct(hematocrit), Lymphocyte is lower in volunteer elderly than bed-ridden elderly. There was found a statistical significance(p<0.01, p<0.05) in Hct, Lymphocyte between two group. 3. The ratio of TP(total protein), Albumin is lower in volunteer elderly than bed-ridden elderly. There was found a statistical significance(p<0.01) in TP(total protein), Albumin between two group. 4. The ratio of TC(total cholesterol), TG(triglyceride), LDL-C(LDL-cholesterol) is lower in volunteer elderly than bed-ridden elderly. There was found a statistical significance(p<0.01, p<0,05) In TC, TG, LDL-C between two group.