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Performance Analysis of Packet Transport Network Communication for Integrated Wide-Area Protection
Sheng-ming Ge,Z Q Bo,Lin Wang,Zhan-feng Fan,Xing Liu,Feng-quan Zhou 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.3
As a new protection, wide-area protection enables protective relaying, and automatic control based on electric power system network communications and comprehensive judgment of multi-point information, which plays an increasingly important role in the secure and stable operation of electric power system. Interaction of wide-area information relies on communication network featuring high reliability and low time delay. On the other hand, most service of power transformation station is gradually towards IP and data oriented, along with the development of smart grid. This paper aims to introduce the wide-area protection technology supported by Packet Transport Network (PTN) communication technology, with analyzing the QoS (Quality of Service) network assurance architecture of PTN network, which establishes three planes, including transport plane, management plane, and control plane, based on ASON (Automatically Switched Optical Network) technology. After demonstrating the QoS assurance system of PTN from traffic control and transmission route, this paper introduces PTN networking test. Based on detailed parameters in the test results, the transmission performance of PTN on time delay, protection, and time synchronization of various electric power communication services are analyzed, with showing that PTN can fully meet the requirements of electric power communication.
A Study on Success Factors in the 6th Industrialization of Agriculture in Korea and China
Ming-Sheng Zhu,Jin-Sup Jung 한국무역연구원 2017 무역연구 Vol.13 No.4
Rural communities in both Korea and China have faced important negative conditions, such as a population decrease, aging, and the increasing income gap between urban and rural areas. To overcome these problems, a new change is needed in rural areas. In recent years, the 6th industrialization of agriculture, which seeks the convergence of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries to revitalize agriculture and rural villages, has attracted considerable attention as an alternative. Meanwhile, Korea and China have plentiful humanistic resources. However, there are few studies on how humanistic resources affect the success in the 6th industrialization of agriculture. The goal of this study it to carry out empirical tests on Korea and China, using key successful factors―technology, manpower, market expansion, government support, linkages among industrial subjects―for the 6th industrialization of agriculture and find moderating effects of physical humanistic resources. Results suggest some valuable implications, and differences between Korea and China.
Chen-Ming Chen,Ming-Hua Chung,Tsung-Eong Hsieh,Bohr-Ran Huang,Huai-En Hsieh,Fuh-Shyang Juang,Yu-Sheng Tsai,Mark O. Liu,Jen-Lien Lin 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.4
The lifetimes of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been successfully enhanced with the modulation of LiF thickness and the utilization of encapsulating adhesives, which have been successfully and quickly synthesized with UV irradiation. Experimental results demonstrate that LiF and lab-made encapsulating adhesives can block the invasion of moisture as well as oxygen in the atmosphere into the OLEDs so that the lifetimes of devices with their encapsulation are 18-folds longer than those without encapsulation. The lifetimes of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been successfully enhanced with the modulation of LiF thickness and the utilization of encapsulating adhesives, which have been successfully and quickly synthesized with UV irradiation. Experimental results demonstrate that LiF and lab-made encapsulating adhesives can block the invasion of moisture as well as oxygen in the atmosphere into the OLEDs so that the lifetimes of devices with their encapsulation are 18-folds longer than those without encapsulation.
Chuang, Sheng-Ming,Ya, Vinh,Feng, Chiao-Lin,Lee, Shou-Jen,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Li, Chi-Wang Elsevier 2018 Separation and purification technology Vol.191 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A systematic investigation of Cr(VI) reduction using electrochemical reduction revealed that the Cr(VI) reduction was extremely fast with reaction kinetics limited by the anodic generation of Fe(II). The Cr(VI) reduction rate increased with decreasing pH at the initial stage of reaction but the time to reach complete Cr(VI) reduction is pH independent. The amount of Fe(II) generated per mole of Cr(VI) reduced was calculated and compared with the stoichiometric value, i.e., 3mole of Fe(II) needed per mole of Cr(VI) reduced. The values are 11.1% higher than the stoichiometric value for pH 7 and 9, but are 32.0% less for pH 3 and 5. The spontaneous reduction of Cr(VI) by Fe<SUP>0</SUP> and adsorption of Cr(VI) to Fe(OH)<SUB>3</SUB> precipitates might contribute the additional Cr(VI) removal. Effect of DO was investigated under various mixing schemes. Under N<SUB>2</SUB> purging, Fe(II) generated for one mole of Cr(VI) reduced is 3.67% higher than the stoichiometric value, while mechanic mixing and aeration mixing show 15% and 19%, respectively, higher than stoichiometric value, indicating that DO does impact Cr(VI) reduction. The electrochemical Cr(VI) reduction process was also employed to treat electroplating wastewater with and without pH pre-adjustment, achieving 100% total Cr and Ni removal for both cases. ORP can be used as a controlling parameter when electrochemical reduction is implemented for Cr(VI) reduction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effect of current on Cr(VI) reduction under same current density was studied. </LI> <LI> Effects of initial and fixed pH on Cr(VI) reduction were investigated. </LI> <LI> Effect of DO on Cr(VI) reduction was explored. </LI> <LI> Electrochemical reduction was applied for treating electroplating wastewater. </LI> <LI> ORP is an ideal parameter for controlling electrochemical Cr(VI) reduction. </LI> </UL> </P>
Adjusting optical resonance thickness to increase the conversion efficiency of polymer solar cells
Yu Sheng Tsai,Jian-Shian Lin,Wei-Ping Chu,Po-Hsun Wang,Fuh-Shyang Juang,Ming-Hua Chung,Chin-Ming Chen,Mark O. Liu 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3
The derivatives of C60, [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and 3-hexylthiophene (P3HT)were dissolved in DCB solvent, then spin coated into an active layer for polymer solar cells. The experimental parameters were studied carefully to obtain the optimum power conversion efficiency (PCE). The primary process for generation of photocurrent in an organic photovoltaic device is the generation of bound electron–hole pairs (excitons) by absorption of energy (photons) from the optical electric field. Modeling was based on the assumption that the photocurrent generation process is the result of the creation and diffusion of photogenerated species (excitons), which are dissociated by charge transfer at the active layer. Improve organic optics absorb by insert organic layer (CuPc or C60) at the active layer/Al interface. This research is divided into two components. First part, we use n-type C60 as transmission layer. When an optimum thickness of C60 is 5 nm, the Jsc of polymer solar cell can be increased from 7.26 mA/㎠ to 7.7 mA/㎠. The Voc decrease is because the energy level of C60 LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) at 4.5 eV is higher than the 3.7 eV of PCBM. Second part, we use p-type CuPc as transmission layer. When an optimum thickness of CuPc is 3 nm, the short circuit photo-current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of polymer solar cell can be increased from 7.26 mA/㎠ to 8.0 mA/㎠ and 0.56–0.58 V, respectively. The reason is the same as C60. The Voc increase is because the energy level of CuPc LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) at 3.1 eV is lower than the 3.7 eV of PCBM. The Jsc increase is because the 3 nm of CuPc leads to a constructive interference happened in the active layer and thus optical absorption increases. In this study we used 3 nm of CuPc at the active layer/Al interface to enhance the short circuit current density, and the efficiency was increased to 2.94%.